Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Cardiotonic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Diuretics ; therapeutic use ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Heart Transplantation ; methods ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Treatment Outcome

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immunosuppressive cells derived from bone marrow stem cells.MDSCs can not only strongly inhibit the anti-tumor immune reactions mediated by T cells,but also directly accelerate angiogenesis,tumor progression and metastasis.Nonresolving inflammation (NRI),a major driving factor in the occurrence and development of tumor,and MDSCs are present in tumor microenvironment and become hot topics in recent years.However,the relationships between MDSCs and NRI,especially in the relevant molecular regulatory networks,have not been fully elucidated.The relationships between MDSCs and NRI,the molecular regulatory networks,the key regulatory points and the strategies for targeted treatment are reviewed in this paper based on the current literatures and the work achieved by our research team.

Crohn Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Objective To determine relative risk factors for positive surgical margins in extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(LRP). Methods From February 2004 to September 2007,33 patients(mean age 70 years old)with prostate cancers underwent extraperitoneal LRP.All patients were diagnosed by pathology preoperatively.Gleason score:3+3 14 cases(43%),3+4 11 cases(33%),4+3 6 cases(18%),4+4 2 cases(6%).Clinical stage:T1a-T1b 4 cases(12%),T1c 14 cases(43%),T2a-T2b 5 cases(15%),T2c10 cases(30%).Logistic regression analyses were performed. Results LRP was successfully performed on 31 cases.There were 2 cases converted to open surgery.Nine cases(27%)had PSMs.There were 6 cases(67%)and 4 cases(17%)of clinical stage T2c in PSM and negative surgical margin(NSM)groups respectively(P=0.010).There were 3 cases(33%)and 0(0)with high Gleason score(higher than 7)in PSM and NSM cases(P=0.015).There were 4 cases(44%)and 5 cases(21%)with t-PSA higher than 20dg/ml in PSM and NSM cases respectively(P=0.178).In these 9 cases,there were 4 cases(44%)positive with DRE.However there were 9 in the 24 NSM cases(38%)(P=0.509).Clinical stage T2c was independently positively correlated with PSM(OR=24.69).High Gleason score(higher than 7)and t-PSA higher than 20 ng/ml were positively correlated with PSM. Conclusions Clinical stage is positively correlated with PSM.It is an independent factor.High Gleason score(higher than 7)and t-PSA higher than 20 ng/ml mignt be the risk factors in predicting PSM and should be used together with clinical stage.Positive DRE findings may be also useful to predict PSM.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen in the treatment of chronic gastritis with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection,and to compare with the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.Methods Altogether 173 patients with H.pylori positive chronic gastritis confirmed by gastric endoscope were divided into 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group (n =43),24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group (n =46),10-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group (n =42) and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group (n =42).After the treatment,the eradication rate of H.pylori,the rate of gastrointestinal symptoms (epigastric pain,bloating and belching) relief and the adverse effects of each group were observed.Intention-to-treat (ITT),per-protocol (PP) statistical analysis and chi-square analysis were performed for statistical analysis.Results H.pylori eradication rates of 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,10-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group analyzed by ITT were 90.7％ (39/43),91.3％ (42/46),90.5％ (38/42) and 88.1％ (37/42),respectively; while analyzed by PP were 90.7％ (39/43),93.3％ (42/45),90.5％ (38/42) and 90.2％ (37/41),respectively.And there were no statistical differences between groups (all P＞0.05).Ten days after the treatment,the rates of epigastric pain relief of 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group were 81.1％ (30/37) and 78.8％ (26/33),respectively,the rates of bloating relief were 82.4％ (28/34) and 71.0％ (22/31),respectively,and the rates of belching relief were 76.9％ (20/26) and 75.0％ (21/28),respectively.There were no statistical differences between the two groups (all P＞ 0.05).However after 24-day treatment,the rates of epigastric pain relief of 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group were 91.9 ％ (34/37) and 87.9％ (29/33),respectively,the rates of bloating relief were 94.1％ (32/34) and 87.1％ (27/31),respectively,and the rates of belching relief were 96.2％ (25/26) and 85.7％ (24/28),respectively.There were no statistical differences between the two groups (all P＞0.05).And the rates of epigastric pain and bloating relief increased after 24-day treatment compared with those of 10-day treatment,however the differences were not statistically significant between the two groups (all P＞ 0.05).In 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,the rate of belching relief was higher after 24-day treatment compared with that of 10-day treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.127,P=0.042).No severe adverse effects were observed in each group,and there were no adverse effects such as oral metal odor,tongue black and melena in compound allantoin containing quadruple therapy.Conclusions Ten-day compound allantoin containing quadruple therapy as first-line approach in the treatment of chronic gastritis with H.pylori infection can get better H.pylori eradication and the efficacy is similar to bismuth quadruple therapy.Meanwhile the symptom relief rate is high and no obvious adverse effects were found.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ribavirin to mice viral myocarditis. Methods Onehundred and twenty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was normal control group 1 .group 2 CVB3 control group, group 3 ribavirintherapy group. In the latter two groups, 0.2 mL CVB3(10-7.5Tcid5o/mL)was infected into abdominal cavity. Ten mice of each group were killed at the 7 th, 14 th,21 st,28 th day. Mice motality,light and electron microscape, myocardial viral tiler, myocardial pathological score,serum cTnI,malonytdialdehyde(MDA) and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate(CMAR) were examined.Re-sults The motality,myocardial viral titer,myocardial pathological score,cTnI were lower in group 3(ribavirin therapy group) than in group 2(CVB3 control), and MDA and CMAR were no significant differences between ribavirin group and simple CVB3 group. Conclusion Ribavirin has good treatment effect to mice viral myocardilis,and its mechanism is due to decrease viral titer.

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death.Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic pathway responsible for the degradation of long-lived proteins and damaged intracellular organelles.However,the mechanism and guiding significance of autophagy in the development and progression of GC have remained to be elucidated.This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological significances and prognostic values of autophagy-related proteins AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 in GC.Quantum dots based immunofluorescence histochemistry (QDs-IHC) was performed to observe the expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins in the tissue rmicroarrays including 163 specimens of GC and 20 noncancerous gastric tissues.Simultaneously,AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins were detected by Western blotting in the 10 fresh GC and corresponding normal gastric tissues.The results showed that the expression levels of both AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins were higher in GC tissues than in noncancerous gastric tissues by QDs-IHC and Western blotting (P＜0.05).High AMBRA1 expression was detected in 90 of 163 (55.2％) GCs and high Beclin-1 expression was detected in 83 of 163 (50.9％) GCs.High AMBRA1 expression was closely related to depth of invasion,and lymph nodes metastasis (P＜0.05).High expression of Beclin-1 protein was correlated with tumor grade (P＜0.05).Positive correlation was observed between AMBRA1 and Beclin-1.Survival analysis indicated the high expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 was an independent factor in predicting poor overall survival (OS) of GC patients.These findings suggest the high expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins is significantly correlated with GC progression.High AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 expression heralds worse outcome of GC patients,suggesting a novel candidate prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for GC.

In our study, 198 types of pesticides in 120 types 333 lots of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which were reasonably classified according to its matrix property, were determined by using the pretreatment platform and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. As a result, 158 were contaminated with pesticides. However, the content of pesticides in most TCM was very low. In addition, types of pesticides were different in different part of materia medica. In conclusion, the current status of pesticide residues pollutants in TCM was summarized, and the result can provide proof for the formulation of maximum residue limit. The new species of herbs and the new detecting index should be electively monitored in Chinese Pharmacopeia.
China ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate the effect of calpeptin on diaphragmatic injury and atrophy under controlled mechanical ventilation in rats.Methods A total of 24 SPF Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into anesthetized control group (CON group),24-hour controlled mechanical ventilation group (CMV group),and 24-hour CMV + treatment with calpeptin group (CMVC group),with 8 rats in each group.Animals in the CON group received an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium without CMV and continuous infusion of pentobarbital sodium.A small-animal ventilator was used for 24 hours in rats of CMV group.Rats of CMVC were treated with a specific calpain inhibitor calpeptin (4 mg/kg).The drug was injected subcutaneously 2 hours before and 8,15 and 23 hours after mechanical ventilation.Changes in diaphragm ultrastructure,light microscopic picture,and myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression were observed.Results ① Alignment of myofilaments and normal Z-band,and the shape of mitochondria were maintained in CON group as revealed by electron microscope.The signs of misalignment of myofibrils,disruption of Z-band and vacuolar mitochondria were found in CMV group,and they were obviously improved in CMVC group.The density of muscle injury (× 10-2/μm2) in CMV group was significantly higher than that in control group (36.8 ± 13.7 vs.6.4 ± 6.3,t=6.373,P=0.001),and that in CMVC group was significantly lowered (17.6 ± 9.1 vs.36.8 ± 13.7,t=3.694,P=0.002).② In CON group,the diaphragm fibers appeared regular in cross section without pathologic change under light microscopy.Fuzzy muscle striations,irregular muscle fibers,centralized nuclei and swelling of capillary endothelial cells were observed in CMV group,while pathological changes in the CMVC group were milder significantly.③ In CMV group,the density of MHCslow and MHCfast was lower compared with that of CON group,and the gray value was lowered by 61.1％ (t=8.138,P=0.001) and 77.1％ (t=8.844,P=0.001),respectively,especially in MHCfast.However,the gray values of MHCslow and MHCfast were increased by 1.51 folds (t=4.601,P=0.010),and 1.33 folds (t=2.859,P=0.011),respectively,after treatment with calpeptin,and the elevation was more significantly in MHCslow.Conclusions Diaphragmatic injury and atrophy were found after CMV for 24 hour.Calpeptin could reverse the detrimental effects of CMV,and it suggested that calpain plays an important role in modulating the ventilator-induced dysfunction of the diaphragm.

Objective To investigate the role of Wnt signaling pathway hypofunction mediated by dephosphorylation ofβ-catenin in the impaired wound healing of type 1 diabetic rats. Methods The back skin defect wounds were produced in rats with type 1 diabetes. These rats were divided into control, diabetes, lithium chloride treatment, and epidermal growth factor ( EGF) treatment groups. The situation of back wound healing, the ratio ofβ-catenin positive cells,β-catenin, phosphorylatedβ-catenin, and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) levels were detected. Results Compared to diabetes group, the wound granulation tissue was more mature, wound healing time was shorter, and healing rate, as well as the ratio ofβ-catenin positive cells, dephosphorylatedβ-catenin, and VEGF levels, were higher in normal group, lithium chloride treatment group, and EGF treatment group ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion The hypofunction of Wnt signaling pathway is involved in the process of wound healing in type 1 diabetic rats, of which the dephosphorylation ofβ-catenin is the key point. EGF may play a beneficial role in the wound healing of type 1 diabetic rat models via Wnt pathway.