Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Cardiotonic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Diuretics ; therapeutic use ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; etiology ; surgery ; therapy ; Heart Transplantation ; methods ; Heart-Assist Devices ; Humans ; Pediatrics ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To determine relative risk factors for positive surgical margins in extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(LRP). Methods From February 2004 to September 2007,33 patients(mean age 70 years old)with prostate cancers underwent extraperitoneal LRP.All patients were diagnosed by pathology preoperatively.Gleason score:3+3 14 cases(43%),3+4 11 cases(33%),4+3 6 cases(18%),4+4 2 cases(6%).Clinical stage:T1a-T1b 4 cases(12%),T1c 14 cases(43%),T2a-T2b 5 cases(15%),T2c10 cases(30%).Logistic regression analyses were performed. Results LRP was successfully performed on 31 cases.There were 2 cases converted to open surgery.Nine cases(27%)had PSMs.There were 6 cases(67%)and 4 cases(17%)of clinical stage T2c in PSM and negative surgical margin(NSM)groups respectively(P=0.010).There were 3 cases(33%)and 0(0)with high Gleason score(higher than 7)in PSM and NSM cases(P=0.015).There were 4 cases(44%)and 5 cases(21%)with t-PSA higher than 20dg/ml in PSM and NSM cases respectively(P=0.178).In these 9 cases,there were 4 cases(44%)positive with DRE.However there were 9 in the 24 NSM cases(38%)(P=0.509).Clinical stage T2c was independently positively correlated with PSM(OR=24.69).High Gleason score(higher than 7)and t-PSA higher than 20 ng/ml were positively correlated with PSM. Conclusions Clinical stage is positively correlated with PSM.It is an independent factor.High Gleason score(higher than 7)and t-PSA higher than 20 ng/ml mignt be the risk factors in predicting PSM and should be used together with clinical stage.Positive DRE findings may be also useful to predict PSM.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immunosuppressive cells derived from bone marrow stem cells.MDSCs can not only strongly inhibit the anti-tumor immune reactions mediated by T cells,but also directly accelerate angiogenesis,tumor progression and metastasis.Nonresolving inflammation (NRI),a major driving factor in the occurrence and development of tumor,and MDSCs are present in tumor microenvironment and become hot topics in recent years.However,the relationships between MDSCs and NRI,especially in the relevant molecular regulatory networks,have not been fully elucidated.The relationships between MDSCs and NRI,the molecular regulatory networks,the key regulatory points and the strategies for targeted treatment are reviewed in this paper based on the current literatures and the work achieved by our research team.

Crohn Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen in the treatment of chronic gastritis with Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection,and to compare with the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy.Methods Altogether 173 patients with H.pylori positive chronic gastritis confirmed by gastric endoscope were divided into 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group (n =43),24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group (n =46),10-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group (n =42) and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group (n =42).After the treatment,the eradication rate of H.pylori,the rate of gastrointestinal symptoms (epigastric pain,bloating and belching) relief and the adverse effects of each group were observed.Intention-to-treat (ITT),per-protocol (PP) statistical analysis and chi-square analysis were performed for statistical analysis.Results H.pylori eradication rates of 10-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,10-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group analyzed by ITT were 90.7％ (39/43),91.3％ (42/46),90.5％ (38/42) and 88.1％ (37/42),respectively; while analyzed by PP were 90.7％ (39/43),93.3％ (42/45),90.5％ (38/42) and 90.2％ (37/41),respectively.And there were no statistical differences between groups (all P＞0.05).Ten days after the treatment,the rates of epigastric pain relief of 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group were 81.1％ (30/37) and 78.8％ (26/33),respectively,the rates of bloating relief were 82.4％ (28/34) and 71.0％ (22/31),respectively,and the rates of belching relief were 76.9％ (20/26) and 75.0％ (21/28),respectively.There were no statistical differences between the two groups (all P＞ 0.05).However after 24-day treatment,the rates of epigastric pain relief of 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group and 24-day bismuth-containing quadruple regimen group were 91.9 ％ (34/37) and 87.9％ (29/33),respectively,the rates of bloating relief were 94.1％ (32/34) and 87.1％ (27/31),respectively,and the rates of belching relief were 96.2％ (25/26) and 85.7％ (24/28),respectively.There were no statistical differences between the two groups (all P＞0.05).And the rates of epigastric pain and bloating relief increased after 24-day treatment compared with those of 10-day treatment,however the differences were not statistically significant between the two groups (all P＞ 0.05).In 24-day compound allantoin containing quadruple regimen group,the rate of belching relief was higher after 24-day treatment compared with that of 10-day treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.127,P=0.042).No severe adverse effects were observed in each group,and there were no adverse effects such as oral metal odor,tongue black and melena in compound allantoin containing quadruple therapy.Conclusions Ten-day compound allantoin containing quadruple therapy as first-line approach in the treatment of chronic gastritis with H.pylori infection can get better H.pylori eradication and the efficacy is similar to bismuth quadruple therapy.Meanwhile the symptom relief rate is high and no obvious adverse effects were found.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ribavirin to mice viral myocarditis. Methods Onehundred and twenty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was normal control group 1 .group 2 CVB3 control group, group 3 ribavirintherapy group. In the latter two groups, 0.2 mL CVB3(10-7.5Tcid5o/mL)was infected into abdominal cavity. Ten mice of each group were killed at the 7 th, 14 th,21 st,28 th day. Mice motality,light and electron microscape, myocardial viral tiler, myocardial pathological score,serum cTnI,malonytdialdehyde(MDA) and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate(CMAR) were examined.Re-sults The motality,myocardial viral titer,myocardial pathological score,cTnI were lower in group 3(ribavirin therapy group) than in group 2(CVB3 control), and MDA and CMAR were no significant differences between ribavirin group and simple CVB3 group. Conclusion Ribavirin has good treatment effect to mice viral myocardilis,and its mechanism is due to decrease viral titer.

Gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world and one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related death.Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic pathway responsible for the degradation of long-lived proteins and damaged intracellular organelles.However,the mechanism and guiding significance of autophagy in the development and progression of GC have remained to be elucidated.This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological significances and prognostic values of autophagy-related proteins AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 in GC.Quantum dots based immunofluorescence histochemistry (QDs-IHC) was performed to observe the expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins in the tissue rmicroarrays including 163 specimens of GC and 20 noncancerous gastric tissues.Simultaneously,AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins were detected by Western blotting in the 10 fresh GC and corresponding normal gastric tissues.The results showed that the expression levels of both AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins were higher in GC tissues than in noncancerous gastric tissues by QDs-IHC and Western blotting (P＜0.05).High AMBRA1 expression was detected in 90 of 163 (55.2％) GCs and high Beclin-1 expression was detected in 83 of 163 (50.9％) GCs.High AMBRA1 expression was closely related to depth of invasion,and lymph nodes metastasis (P＜0.05).High expression of Beclin-1 protein was correlated with tumor grade (P＜0.05).Positive correlation was observed between AMBRA1 and Beclin-1.Survival analysis indicated the high expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 was an independent factor in predicting poor overall survival (OS) of GC patients.These findings suggest the high expression of AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 proteins is significantly correlated with GC progression.High AMBRA1 and Beclin-1 expression heralds worse outcome of GC patients,suggesting a novel candidate prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for GC.

mRNAs of alpha-adrenoceptor (α-AR) subtypes are found in neurons in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and change after peripheral nerve injury. In this study, the distribution of α-AR subtype proteins was studied in L5 DRG of normal rats and rats with chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve (CCI). Using immunofluorescence technique, it was found that α1A-, α1B-, and α2A-AR proteins were expressed in large, medium, and small size neurons in normal DRG, and significantly increased in all size neurons 14 days after CCI. α1D- and α2C-AR was also expressed in all size neurons in normal DRG. However, α1D-AR was significantly increased and α2C-AR was decreased in small size neurons 14 days post CCI. α2B-AR neurons were not detectable in normal and CCI DRG. Co-expression of α1A- and α2A-AR in the same neuron was observed in normal DRG and increased post CCI. Collectively, these results indicated that there is distinct distribution of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons, and the distribution and levels of expression of α-AR subtypes change differently after CCI. The up-regulation of α-AR subtypes in DRG neurons may play an important role in the process of generating and transmitting neuropathic pain.

Objective To explore the reproductive toxicity of 2,4-D butylate to the testis in male mice.Methods Forty-eight ICR male mice were randomly divided into four groups : the control group, and three 2,4-D butylate experimental groups (10, 20, 40 mg/kg), 12 mice in each group.2,4-D butylate was intragastrically administered once a day and six days per week for five weeks .At the end of the exposure, the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), Na+ K+-ATPase, Ca+ + Mg+ +-ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in testis homogenate were measured by spectrophotometry .Results The activity of T-AOC was gradually decreased with the increase of doses, with a significant difference between the high dose group and other groups .The activities of LDH in the moderate and high dose groups were significantly lower than those of the low dose group and control group , and there was a significant difference between the high dose group and moderate dose group .The activities of SDH in the testis was gradually decreased with the increase of the 2,4-D butylate dose, showing significant differences between the high dose group and the moderate dose and control groups , and between the high and moderate dose groups and the low dose group . The activities of Na +K +-ATPase in the moderate and high dose groups were significantly lower than that of the control and low dose group.The activities of Ca++Mg++-ATPase was significantly lower in the experimental groups than that in the control group.Conclusion Exposure to 2,4-D butylate has certain toxic effect on the testicular tissue in male mice .

Objective: Testicular mixed germ cell tumor is mixed with embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, seminoma and other two or more components of the testicular tumor, the clinical is relatively rare and high degree of malignancy, this article will summarize its clinical features and optimize its treatment.Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 22 patients with testicular tumor mixed germ cell in Peking University Third Hospital from May 1994 to November 2016 was conducted using a combination of statistical analysis and discussion of the relevant literature.Results: The mean age of the 22 patients was (30.8±10.4) years and the rate of cryptorchidism was 13.6%.The maximum diameter of the tumor was (5.1±2.7) cm.The pathological results suggested that 12 cases (54.5%) contained two different germ cell tumor components, 7 cases (31.8%) contained 3 different tumor components, 2 cases (9.2%) contained 4 different tumor components, and 1 case (4.5%) contained 5 different tumor components.Tumor constituent analysis included yolk sac tumors(16 cases, 72.7%), mature teratoma (7 cases, 31.8%), immature teratoma (5 cases, 22.7%), embryonal carcinoma (17 cases, 77.3%) , choriocarcinoma (4 cases, 18.1%) and seminoma (6 cases, 27.3%).American Joint Committee of Cancer tumor staging indicated 19 cases of stage Ⅰ a tumor, 2 cases of stage Ⅱa tumor and 1 case of stage Ⅲa tumor.The mean values of human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein and lactate dehydrogenase were 414.50 MIU/mL, 242.95 μg/L, 196.95 U/L (preoperative) and 17.20 MIU /mL, 90.20 μg/L, 183.70 U/L (postoperative within a year), and the comparison of the P values between the preoperative and the postoperative within a year were 0.079, 0.043 and 0.624.Fourteen patients underwent retroperitoneal lymph nodes dissection.Most patients lived with long-term survival (94.4%) after operation.Conclusion: Comprehensive treatment of radical orchiectomy with retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy combined with necessary radiotherapy or chemotherapy might help to control the tumor and achieve long-term survival for most patients with testicular mixed germ cell tumor.