Objective To study the effects of violet flower Bidai extracts on body weight,blood lipid level,serum leptin level,the activity of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase of obese rats,and to discuss the mechanism of violet flower Bidai extracts on weight reduction.Methods Male obese rats which induced by high energy diet were randomly divided into four groups.All rats were given high energy diet.One control group was gavaged with normal saline and one western medicine group was gavaged with sibutramine,and two violet flower Bidai extracts groups was gavaged with water solutions of violet flower Bidai extracts at doses of 6 g(crude drug)/kg BW,12 g(crude drug)/kg BW,respectively.After six weeks,body weight,obese index,weight of abdominal fat tissue,fasting lipid,leptin in serum,the activity of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase were measured.Results Body weight,obese index,weight of abdominal fat tissue in the two violet flower Bidai extracts groups were significantly lower than those in obese control group(P

Formative assessment is in conformity with the teaching concept of problem-based learning (PBL).It is to make a real-time,dynamic and sustainable observation and evaluation in the whole teaching process.It is helpful to improve learning and teaching continuously.The PBL clinical teaching courses of long-schooling program in our school obtained the certain effect.It used the formative evaluation mode.The homemade students mutual table and teacher evaluation table were used in PBL course.Specifically,students' self-evaluation and mutual-evaluation were made,and then teacher gave some comments in 10 minutes before the end of each class.Every student was scored by the group leader and teacher according to all these abilities,such as the power of expression,question ability,communication skills,coordination skills and the ability to access.At the end of one case study students wrote self assessment reports,and then the teacher wrote reviews,graded and gave feedback to students.However,the final scores were archived as data instead of being part of the course grade.The application of formative assessment has promoted the teaching effect of PBL.However,in the following practice,teachers should be targeted to solve the problems such as lack of teachiers,the students' self evaluation and mutual evaluation being not fair and highly recognized,and a few students having slack psychology.

Objective To establish a rabbit posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling (PADBS) model and investigate the mechanism of action.Methods Fifty New Zealand rabbits were assigned to control group (n =10) and model group (n =40) according to random number table.The animal model of sinus balloon compression was established under intracranial pressure monitoring by using intracranial pressure probe.The model group was subdivided equally at 1.5 hours after compression,1.5 hours after decompression,3 hours after decompression and 4.5 hours after decompression,for which intracranial pressure,brain water content,pathological mechanism and ultrastructure were measured dynamically.Results The success rate of modeling was 83％ (33/40).Intracranial pressure was (4.9 ± 0.8)mmHg in control group,(50.1 ± 4.3) mmHg in 1.5 hours after compression group,(45.2 ± 1.7) mmHg in 1.5 hours after decompression group,(48.6 ± 2.2) mmHg in 3 hours after decompression group,and (59.1 ±2.5)mmHg in 4.5 hours after decompression group (P ＜0.05).Brain water content was (75.0 ± 0.6) ％ in control gorup,(76.7 ± 0.8) ％ in 1.5 hours after compression group,(77.3 ± 0.5) ％ in 1.5 hours after decompression group,(78.5 ± 0.6) ％ in 3 hours after decompression group,and (79.4 ± 0.7) ％ in 4.5 hours after decompression group (P ＜ 0.05).Vasogenic brain oedema was seen 1.5 hours after decompression.Cytotoxicity brain swelling generated with brain tissue destroyed 3 hours after decompression.The vicious cycle of high intracranial pressure and brain tissue destruction occurred 4.5 hours after decompression.Conclusion Under intracranial pressure probe monitoring,the rabbit model of PADBS by sinus balloon compression has stable pressure of the sinus balloon and has good reliability and repeatability,which provides a reliable evidence for further study on the possible mechanism and treatment methods of PADBS.

Objective To investigate quitting motivation of smoking patients with mild and moder-ate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and evaluate the effects of smoking cessation methods based on cognitive intervention.Methods A total of 102 smoking patients with mild and moderate COPD from the outpatient department was divided into 4 blocks according to their intention of quitting smoking.Pa-tients in each block were randomly divided into intervention and control groups.Results ⑴All the re-spondents were at an average age of (61.3 ±12.3) years old.The sex ratio of men to women was 99∶3. The average smoking index (bag/year) in all the respondents was (39.81 ±11.53).The average daily smoking was (14.22 ±2.30) packs.The respondents with a lower degrees accounted for 55.9%and the respondents with high nicotine dependence 49.0%.A total of 39 people (38.2%) hoped to give up smok-ing, 20 people (19.6%) strongly hoped to give up smoking.⑵The main reasons for smoking included en-joyment (7.02), dependence (6.88), and calm (6.55).⑶There were statistically significant difference in the half-year continuous abstinence rates (χ2 =4.993, P =0.025) and in June quit rates (χ2 =6.668, P =0.010) between the intervention (58.82%) and control (33.33%) groups.The weight gain had sig-nificant difference between the intervention and control groups at the 3rd month ( t =2.65, P <0.01) or 6th month ( t =2.07, P <0.05) after quitting smoking.Conclusions The quitting motivation of smoking patients with mild and moderate COPD is not strong, while the smoking cessation methods based on cogni-tive intervention are effective for those patients.

Teaching rounds is an important part of clinical teaching but it is difficult to implement in place for a variety of reasons. To endocrine and metabolic section as an example, Lack of enthusiasm, inadequate preparation and other issues result that teaching rounds is difficult to achieve the desired effect in the teaching rounds, especially in the English teaching rounds. In view of the above situation, based on the concept of PBL to carry out teaching rounds in English is not only an important method to cultivate the clinical thinking of medical students, but also an important measure to improve teachers' and students' English proficiency, as well as to cultivate medical students' clinical thinking. The last but not the least, carrying out teaching rounds in English is an important measure for medical education reform and improve-ment. Facts have proved that carrying out teaching rounds in English has a high practicality and feasibility in clinical practice.

Objective:To compare postoperative analgesic effect of flurbiprofen axetil and parecoxib sodium in patients with humeral shaft fracture in painless ward.Methods:All of 200 hospitalized humeral fractures patients were retrospectively studied in the painless ward of the Forth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to September 2019 , the clinical effects of flurbiprofen axetil and parecoxib were compared.Results:Postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) scores after 3 d of two groups of patients were significantly lower, compared with preoperative results: (4.26±0.96) scores vs. (6.09±1.38) scores, (4.04±1.19) scores vs. (6.04±1.11) scores, and the differences were statistical significantly ( P<0.01). Postoperative VAS score after 3 d of two groups had no statistical significance ( P>0.05). Two groups had different degree of adverse reactions after operation, and flurbiprofen axetil group had singnificant gastrointestinal adverse reaction: 22 patients vs. 3 patients( P<0.05). The number of patients in the parecoxib group were more than that in the flubiprofen axetil group without troubled sleep: 20 patients vs. 8 patients. Two groups of patients were satisfied with the pain care during hospitalization. Conclusions:Two analgestic drugs can obtain obvious analgesic effect in the treatment of bones surgery. The side effects and sleep disturbance in the flurbiprofen axetil group are higher than those in the parecoxib group. Good pain control can improve patients satisfaction with pain care.

Animals ; Autophagy ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Caveolin 1 ; deficiency ; metabolism ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Myofibroblasts ; pathology ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment

Purpose To analyze the image quality of brain CT with 256-slice wide detector axial scanning mode,routine axial scanning mode and spiral scanning mode,and to provide a more effective brain CT examination method for patients.Materials and Methods The prospective study was conducted on 90 patients accepting routine brain CT examination,and they were randomly divided into three groups.CT examination with 160 mm axial scanning mode,40 mm axial scanning mode and 40 mm spiral scanning mode were respectively conducted using GE Revolution CT.The scanning condition was adjusted to remain constant radiation dose,and then the image quality was analyzed.CT attenuation of gray and white matter,contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of white-gray matter and image noise of the three scanning modes were compared.Subjective scoring on image quality of the three scanning modes was also performed.Results On body lateral cerebral ventricle level,there were no significant difference in CT attenuation of gray and white matter and CNR (P＞0.05).On centrum semiovale level,the CT attenuation of gray matter [(31.71 ± 1.82) HU],white matter [(22.97± 1.50) HU] and CNR 2.05±0.42 of 160 mm axial scanning mode was significantly different from the other two scanning modes (F=26.74,47.16 and 3.85,P＜0.05).On centmm semiovale level,image noise of 160 mm axial scanning mode was lower than the other two kinds of scanning methods (F=6.31,P＜0.05),in the basal ganglia and posterior fossa there were no statistically significant differences in the image noise between the three scanning modes (P＞0.05).The subjective score of the three scanning modes all met the diagnostic requirements,and there was no significant difference (P＞0.05).The effective dose and scanning time of 160 mm axial scanning mode was lower than those of the other two scanning modes,and the X-ray utilization was higher.Conclusion 160 mm wide detector axial scanning mode is more suitable for brain CT scan,and it can be used as the preferred scanning mode in the emergency and among non-cooperative patients.

Objective To explore the clinical value of false positive of Down’ s Syndrome Screening for premature rupture of membranes in the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods From Jan. 2009 to Jul. 2013, there were 321 cases who were in the second trimester of high risk pregnancy recieved Down’ s Syndrome Screening. Their fetals have been excluded chromosome or organ abnormality, and there was no fetal organ structure abnormal through sequence prenatal ultrasound examinations. Results of their pregnancy have been followed-up, and pregnancy outcomes of 346 cases who were of low risk were followed-up at the same time. Results Among the 321 cases, there were 14 ca-ses of abortion because of PROM ( gestational age less than 28 weeks);17 cases of premature delivery because of PROM, including 9 cases whose gestational age were from 28 to 34 weeks and 8 cases whose gestational age were from 34 weeks to 37 weeks;and 7 cases of neonatal asphyxia. In the low risk group, abortion because of PROM occured in 6 cases before 28 weeks, 3 cases between 28 to 34 weeks, and 4 ca-ses between 34 to 37 weeks, and neonatal asphyxia occured in 3 cases. Conclusion Comparing with Down’ s screening false positive preg-nant women and the low risk group, the false positive group have a higher occurrence of PROM, Down’ s screening is a potential high risk in-dex as a predictor of PROM.

OBJECTIVE To explore the infection control measures in operation of mass earthquake wounded victims,and improve nursing quality.METHODS By setting up infection control group,strengthening nurse' awareness of infection control,strict division of region for operation,paying great attention to early first-aid treatment and strengthening the key link in the quality control.RESULTS Infection control were effectively improved the salvage rate of mass earthquake victims.There was non-cross infection among victims.CONCLUSIONS According to the infection trait of earthquake wounded victims,perfecting the system of measures of infection control is an important way to control hospital infection of mass earthquake wounded victims.