OBJECTIVE:To provide references on how to avoid price war in Chinese drug retailing.METHODS:The status quo of Chinese drug retailing was analyzed,meanwhile the cause and effect of price war were discussed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The disadvantages of price war outweigh the advantages,which is sure to be replaced by services-based brand strategy.

Bacterial Infections ; transmission ; Drug Resistance, Microbial

Objective To discuss the resistance problems in Chinese psychotherapy.Methods The western psychology research literature was combined with the application of thought imprint psychotherapy under lower resistance(TIP) in Chinese psychotherapy clinical experience.Results The problems of resistance encountered in the process of psychological treatment were influenced by Chinese traditional culture,which were different from western psychology on causes,classification,performance and handling.Conclusion Respecting Chinese traditional culture,seizing the psychological characteristics of Chinese people and exerting the advantages of TCM psychology were keys of knowing the resistance problems in Chinese psychotherapy.

With the deepening of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the method of quantification and standardization of TCM (i.e., quantitative characterization of TCM) has been more and more widely accepted by researchers. Chemometrics processes complicated data of TCM through applied mathematics, statistics and com-puter technology. And multivariable study was introduced into the quantitative characterization of TCM with great achievements. This article reviewed existed problems of quantitative characterization in TCM, the principles, char-acteristics, limitations, commonly used statistical methods and application conditions on quantitative characteriza-tion of TCM. With this review, a reference for further study of quantitative characterization of TCM was provided and a further research idea of combination with main methods of chemometrics was given.

Objective To study the effect of modified sensorimotor training (SMT) method on standing ba- lance of the stroke patients during their recovery stage. Methods Sixty stroke patients at recovery stage were ran- domly divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group was trained by modified SMT method which combined Thera-band with partial body weight support (PBWS) system, while the control group was trained only with their standing balance in the parallel bars based on the neurodevelopment therapy (NDT) method. Both groups were given the same medications as well as physical therapy, acupuncture and OT. The patients in the two groups practiced standing balance in front of a mirror daily, 40 minutes every day and 6 days every week for 4 weeks. The balance abilities of patients were evaluated by Berg balance scale (BBS) , and their lower extremity func- tions were assessed by simplification Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA). Results After training, both groups showed significant improvement in BBS and FMA ( P

AIM: To study the effect of insulin on proliferation and hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes and its role in the induction of cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: 1. The neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were cultured respectively and identified with light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. 2. Cell proliferation was measured with cell number, metabolic activity and DNA synthesis (with WST-1, BrdU enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ) and the percentage of S+G 2+M in cell cycle (by flow cytometry ). 3.Cell hypertrophy was evaluated by cell protein content (Coomassie Briliant Blue's method). RESULTS: 1. The cultured cells showed the characteristic of cardiac myocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, respectively. 2. After being treated with insulin, the cell number, absorbance of BrdU incorporation and WST-1 cleavage products and the percentage of S+G 2+M of cardiac fibroblasts increased significantly ( P 0.05). 3. Protein content of cardiac myocytes increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner ( P

Objective To introduce personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong to enrich modern clinic psychotherapy. Methods Based on previous therapeutic experience, we introduce personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong. Results Personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong can change personality of patients through series of techniques. Conclusion Personality-reshaping technique in the static state of Qigong has great clinical values.

Objective To examine how stroke affects muscle coordination and whether muscle function will be improved after rehabilitation.Methods Ten stroke patients with mild hemiparesis and six age-and sex-matched controls were investigated at baseline.Velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (VE-PC MRI) and surface eleetromyography (sEMG) were performed to evaluate muscle coordination of thigh muscles during knee extension and flexion and the effect of rehabilitation. Results Using VE-PC MRI,we found that the peak velocity of rectus femoris was lower in the affected limb (P

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of curcumin on TGF-β2 regulated peroxisome proliferater activated receptor y (PPAR-γ)/platelet derived growth factor β (PDGF-β) signaling pathway in lung fibroblasts of mice.

METHODSC57BL/6 mouse lung fibroblasts were in vitro cultured with TGF-β2, curcumin, or TGF-β2 plus curcumin. The cell proliferation was detected by cell growth counting in the blank control group, low, middle, and high dose curcumin groups (5, 25, 50 μmol/L), the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) group, TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin (5, 25, 50 μmol/L) groups. mRNA expressions of PPAR-γ, platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFR-β), fibroblast growth factor R1 (FGFR1) were detected using reverse transcription PCR. Protein levels of PPAR-γ and collagen-1 were detected using Western blot and ELISA in the blank control group, the TGF-β2 group, the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 μmol/L group.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, curcumin 50 μmol/L showed the most significant inhibition on cell proliferation at 48 h and 72 h. Compared with the TGF-β2 group, TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 mol/L also showed the most significant inhibition on cell proliferation at 48 h and 72 h. Compared with the blank control group, mRNA expressions of PPAR-γ and PDGF-β, as well as protein expression of PPAR-γ increased, the collagen-1 expression also increased in the TGF-β2 group (P < 0.05). Compared with the TGF-β2 group, mRNA expressions of PPAR-γ obviously increased in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 25 μmol/L group and the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 μmol/L group, higher than that in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 5 [μmol/L group (P < 0.05). mRNA expressions of PPAR-γ was higher in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 μmol/L group than in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 25 μmol/L group (P < 0.05). mRNA expressions of PDGF-β was lower in TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin groups than in the TGF-β2 group (P < 0.05). Besides, PDGF-β mRNA expressions were lower in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 μmol/L group than in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 5 μmol/L group and the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 25 μmol/L group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in FGFR1 mRNA expressions between the TGF-β2 group and 3 TGF-β2 plus curcumin groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the TGF-β2 group, PPAR-γ protein expressions increased and collagen-1 protein expressions decreased in the TGF-β2 (10 ng/mL) plus curcumin 50 μLmol/L group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCurcumin not only could inhibit TGF-β2 induced proliferation of lung fibroblasts, but also could inhibit the synthesis of collagens. These might be associated with up-regulating PPAR-γ expressions and down-regulating PDGF-β expressions. Therefore, curcumin might inhibit the occurrence and developing of lung fibrosis through blocking PPAR-γ/PDGF-β signaling pathway.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Collagen ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ; metabolism

Objective To study and analyze clinical manifestation of depression in comprehensive hospitals in China.Methods Retrospective study was performed.3322 objects included in this research were measured by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI).Results In Chinese comprehensive hospitals,the most common accompanying symptoms of depression were anxiety,fatigue,suicide inclination,apprehension,somatic discomfort,impotence or asexuality,hypochondriasis,somato-complaints,insomnia,self-accusmion and self-reproach,sense of dependence and so on.Depression was positively correlated with suicide risks,self-accusation,delusion of self-accusation,somatic discomfort,somato-complaints,impotence and asexuality,insomnia,headache,fatigue,apprehension,and family problems.Depression had negative correlations with self-strength,social status and economic status.The results had statistical significance.Conclusion Decreased self-strength,increased sense of dependence,low social status and economic status and family problems were the most common pathogenesis basis for depression.Depression can be manifested as various somatic disorders,especially insomnia.