Adolescent ; Ammonia ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans

Embryonic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Stem Cell Transplantation

Adult ; Cadmium ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; etiology ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure

Aiming for improving the understanding of enteral nutrition(EN)in active and remittent Crohn’s disease (CD),this paper reviewed the history of EN,clarified the mechanisms of nutritional treatment,with emphasis on the effectiveness and key points of EN in the treatment of active and remittent CD.

BACKGROUND: Following trauma caused by seawater, cells often exhibit special pathological changes because of the special physico-chemical properties of seawater.OBJECTIVE: To observe corneal histopathological changes and interleukin-6 level in aqueous humor of a rabbit model of penetrating corneal trauma combined with seawater immersion.METHODS: The rabbit eye models of penetrating corneal trauma caused by firecrackers were established in 16 adult healthy grey rabbits. A 3-mm whole-layer incision was made in the cornea. The right eyes served as experimental sides and the left eyes served as controls. Seawater was injected into the aqueous humor of the right eyes via the corneal incision. The eye surface was flushed with seawater for 30 minutes. Physiological saline was used for the left eyes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Optical microscopy results showed that at 1, 2, 3 days after model establishment, corneal cells on the experimental side exhibited severe necrosis and abscission, obvious swelling of substantia propria layer complicated by cellular infiltration. At 1 and 2 days after model establishment, the pathological changes on the control side were the same as the experimental side, but they were mild, but at 3 and 5 days, they were obviously alleviated. At 1, 2, 3 days after model establishment, interleukin-6 level in aqueous humor was significantly higher on the experimental side than on the control side (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the degree of injury on the experimental side was more severe than that on the control side, indicating that seawater may be an important causative factor of corneal injury.

Cellular Microenvironment ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases ; metabolism ; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein ; metabolism

Objective To develop a gut-brain interaction animal model of IBS which combines multiple factors including behavior, visceral sensation and motility. Methods Setting up a multifactor interactional animal model (chronic acute combining stress model, CACS) based on a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression (CUMS) while combined with wrap restraint stress (WRS) , changes of some indexes were recorded including motility (granules of defecating, time of defecating), visceral sensitivity ( spontaneous contraction of abdominal striated muscles ) and behavior/mind ( sucrose consumption, body weight). G protein subunits were measured by Western blot in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex simultaneously. Results ( 1 ) Compared with the state before stress given, defecating granules increased, defecating time of glassie from rectum shorten, number of abdominal contraction increased, and sucrose consumption decreased in CACS, however, neither significant change was found on defecating behavior in CUMS nor on sucrose consumption in WRS; (2) Compared with the control group, some G protein submits expression decreased in both CACS and CUMS( P < 0. 05 ) , while no significant changes of any G protein subunits were found in WRS. Conclusion The CACS animal model was a new, brain-gut interaction model, which can mimic part of human symptoms of IBS very well.

Background Orthokeratology has been proved to temporarily alter the equivalent sphere,but its effects on visual quality deserve attention.Objective The present study was to investigate the visual quality after overnight orthokeratology in pre-adolescent myopes.Methods Written informed consent was obtained form each subject prior to entering into this series.A descriptive study design was used.One hundred and fifty eyes of 76 teenagers aged (14.90± 1.24)years with low and moderate myopia (-2.79 ± 0.82)D were included in the study.Fitted with Ortho-K contact lens,the lens was wore every night for over 8 hours.Subjective refraction,uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA),contrast sensitivity function,corneal-topography,and aberrometry were examined before,1 week and 3 months after the initiation of orthokeratology.Visual quality was generally evaluated by comparing before wearing,1 week and 3 months after wearing using the National Eye Institute refractive error quality of life instrument (NEI-RQL-42TM).All the procedures were performed by the same clinician.Results Spherical equivalent refractions were (-0.33± 1.02) D and (-0.26 ± 0.60) D 1 week and 3 months after orthokeratology,showing significant decline in comparison with (-2.79±0.82) D of before orthokeratology (P =0.001,0.001).However,no considerable difference was seen between 1 week and 3 months after orthokeratology (P=0.161).Contrast sensitivity function was significantly different in all spatial frequencies before wearing,1 week and 3 months after wearing,and those of 1 week and 3 months after wearing were significantly lower than those of before wearing (1 week:3 cpd P =0.001,6 cpd P=0.001,12 cpd P＜0.05,18 epd P＜0.05 ;3 months:3 cpd P=0.001,6 cpd P=0.001,12 cpd P＜0.05,18 cpd P＜0.05).There was no significant change in contrast sensitivity function between 1 week and 3 months of orthokeratology (P＞0.05).Flat K,steep K and corneal eccentricity (e) were significantly reduced (P =0.000),and surface asymmetry index (SAI) and surface regularity index (SRI) were significantly improved after orthokeratology in comparison with before orthokeratology (both P =0.001).Root mean square (RMS) of total higher-order,third-order and fourth-order aberrations were significantly increased (P＜0.05),but RMS of whole aberration and second-order aberrations significantly decreased after orthokeratology (P＜ 0.05).There were no significant changes in the fifth-order,sixth-order and seventh-order aberration among pre-wear,1 week and 3 months after orthokeratology.Scales of dark to bright,nocturnal driving,glare,visual fluctuate and halo were lower than those before orthokeratology (P＜0.05).The scales of visual fluctuate between 1 month and 3 months after orthokeratology had significant differences (P＜0.01),while the rest of the scales had no significant differences (P＞0.05).Conclusions Orthokeratology can reduce myopic diopter 1 week after orthokeratology.The overnight wearing of fitted orthokeratology can decrease contrast sensitivity and increase corneal surface irregularity and RMS of third-order and fourth-order.Compared with spectacles,orthokeratology reduces subjective visual quality,especially nocturnal quality.

OBJECTIVETo explore the Chinese medicine syndrome type distribution in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its relationship with sexual hormones.

METHODSChinese medicine syndrome types of 212 PCOS patients were differentiated and sorted by adopting fuzzy mean C clustering method, and their relationship with the indices of sexual hormones detected on the 3rd to 5th day of menstrual cycle was analyzed, with the values got from 20 healthy women for controls.

RESULTSIntermingling syndromes were commonly seen in PCOS patients. Shen-deficiency syndrome (presented in 64 patients) and Gan-qi stagnancy syndrome (61 patients) were the dominance, accounting for 30.2% and 28.8% respectively, significantly higher than that of other syndromes (P < 0.05), which were Pi-deficiency syndrome (41 patients, 19.3%), phlegm-dampness syndrome (33 patients, 15.6%) and blood stasis syndrome (13 patients, 6.1%). Levels of estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), luteinzing hormone (LH), dehydroiso-androsterone (DHEA-S) and prolactin (PRL) were higher, while the level of sexual hormone binding protein (SHBG) was lower in PCOS patients than those in control, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) level in patients of Shen-deficiency syndrome and phlegm-dampness syndrome was high than that in control (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). However, no significant differences were found in comparing the various sexual endocrinal indices between patients with different syndrome types (P > 0.05). Besides, the level of PRL was positively correlated with LH and E2 levels in patients.

CONCLUSIONChinese medicine syndromes presented in patients with PCOS are mostly intermingling, Shen-deficiency and Gan-stagnancy are the basic syndromes, and there is some correlation between syndrome type and sexual hormone levels.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; blood ; diagnosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate percutaneous reduction by Kirschner pin and internal fixation with cancellous screw and plate through minimal incision at the lateral side of heel for the treatment of intra-articular displacement fracture of calcaneus.

METHODSFrom September 2009 to June 2012, 80 patients with close intra-articular displacement fractures of calcaneus were divided into treatment group and control group. There were 40 patients in the control group, including 21 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 23 to 64 years old, averaged (39.1 +/-11.7) years old; and the patients were treated with fixation by compress screws and plates of self-broken type. There were 40 patients in the treatment group, including 24 males and 16 females,ranging in age from 21 to 67 years old, averaged (39.6+/-14.3) years old;and the patients were treated with full thread cancellous screws and plates fixation. The fixation time,intra-operative blood loss and the number of injured medial plntar nerve were compared between the two groups. The Böhler angle, Gissane angle and the correction degree of calcaneal width were measured at 1 year after operation. The internal fixators were taken out after 1 year. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was used to evaluate therapeutic effects.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 9 to 32 months, with a mean of 16 months. There were shorter operation time, less injury, satisfactory postoperative Böhler angle and calcaneal width in treatment group compared with control group,which reduced the medial neurovascular injuries, and the plate was easily removed after fracture healing.

CONCLUSIONFull thread cancellous screws and plate fixation for the treatment of calcaneal fractures could get same therapeutic effects as compress screws and plate of self-broken type fixation, and also has follow advantages: shortening the operation time, reducing blood loss, easily to be removed, avoiding the medial neurovascular damage, reducing the incidence of complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged