Objective To study the effect of Alprostadil in the prevention of venous thrombosis among tumor patients after central venous catheter inserted through peripheral venous (PICC). Methods 137 patients with PICC were randomly divided into the control group and the experiment group. The control group received the routine nursing after indwelling catheter, while the experiment group received 10 ug of Alprostadi once a day for three days besides the routine nursing. Vascular ultrasonic examination was used to determine whether there was thrombosis among all of the patients after two months. The occurrence rates of thrombosis were compared between the two groups. Results The occurrence rate of thrombosis in the experiment group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Alprostadil can reduce the occurrence rate of venous thrombosis of tumor patients after PICC indwelling, so it can be an effective means for preventing thrombosis.

12E7 Antigen ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; pathology ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ureter ; surgery ; Ureteral Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the method and value of adjustable interatrial fistulization in the operation of congenital heart disease(CHD) accompany with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension(PH).Methods Twenty-seven patients(19 male,8 females) accompany with severe PH were entered the study,age ranged from 4 to 14 years old,weight from 13.7 to 42.0 kilogram.The enrolled diseases included 11 cases of atrial septal defect(ASD),10 cases of ventricular septal defect(VSD),4 cases of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),and 2 cases of Ebstein syndrome accompany with severe tricuspid insufficiency.All patients were diagnosed as CHD accompany with severe PH(bidirectional shunt)which was the contraindications for routine operation before operation through chest X-ray,electrocardiography,ultrasonic cardiography,cardiac catheteri-zation and cardiac angiography.Results With adjustable interatrial fistulization and treatment to the abnormalities,14 fistulaes were closed immediately after operation,7 fistulaes were closed 2 days after operation,3 fistulaes were closed 3 days and 1 fistulae was closed 4 days after operation and accompanied with empyema discharged initiatively.One fistula was never closed,1 case died from low cardiac output symptom.The effective rate was 92.6%,closed to that of routine operations.Conclusion Adjustable interatrial fistulization is an easy procedure,and it can decrease the danger of PH post-operation effectively and provide operation opportunity for those patients with CHD approaching terminal stage.

UNLABELLEDTo study the method for dose calculation and beam weight optimization of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

METHODSThe IMRT dose calculation model based on two-dimensional convolution was constructed, the program of dose calculation and beam weight optimization with genetic algorithm was written with Visual c#.Net, and the optimization results were analyzed.

RESULTSGenetic algorithm optimization of beam weights can produce highly conformal dose distributions within a clinically acceptable computation time.

CONCLUSIONGenetic algorithm is valid and efficient in IMRT beam weight optimization, which may facilitate IMRT treatment planning.

Algorithms ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Models, Theoretical ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; methods ; standards

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effect of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) construction with different transplants.

METHODSFrom March 2006 to April 2009, 86 patients including 60 male and 26 female undergoing arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were prospectively randomized consecutively into autograft group (44 patients, using autogeneic hamstring tendons) and allograft group (42 patients, using allogenic lower extremity tendons). The age of those patients were 22 - 56 years, averaging (32 ± 7) years. The operations were made by the same doctor with the standard technology. The postoperative effects were assessed by the range of motion and tibia forward distance, Lachman test, pivot shift test, Daniel test, IKDC scores systems, Lysholm-Tegner scores.

RESULTSSeventy-nine patients were followed up, 41 patients in autograft groups averaged 39.6 months and 38 patients in allograft group averaged 37.4 months. The operation time of autograft group was (87 ± 11) minutes, that of allograft group was (55 ± 10) minutes (t = 15.732, P < 0.05). The time of postoperative fever of autograft group was (3.2 ± 1.4) days, that of allograft groups was (7.6 ± 5.3) days (t = 5.740, P < 0.05). The Lysholm scores of autograft group was 42 ± 7 before operation, and 89 ± 8 at final follow-up. The Lysholm scores of allograft group was 44 ± 6 before operation, and 87 ± 9 at final follow-up. There was statistic difference in both groups between before operation and final follow-up (t = 13.534 and 17.768, P < 0.05).But no statistic difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The Tegner scores of autograft group was 2.9 ± 2.1 before operation, and 7.7 ± 1.2 at final follow-up. The Tegner scores of allograft group was 2.7 ± 1.4 before operation, and 7.1 ± 1.6 at final follow-up. There was statistic difference in both groups between before operation and final follow-up (t = 16.004 and 12.338, P < 0.05).No statistic difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The KT2000 results showed that the anterior displacement of autograft groups was (10.7 ± 3.5) mm before operation and (5.0 ± 2.7) mm at final follow-up, the anterior displacement of allograft groups was (10.9 ± 2.9) mm before operation and (6.5 ± 2.4) mm at final follow-up, there was statistic difference between before and after operation in anterior displacement in two groups (t = 16.354 and 13.296 P < 0.05). There was no difference between two groups before operation and at final follow-up. Compared to before operation, the IKDC scores were improved greatly after operation (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe clinical effect of arthroscopic ACL construction with allograft transplants is near to autograft.

Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tendons ; transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo test the effects of 7 virus-encoded RNA silencing suppressors (RSSs) for enhancement of a plant virus-based vector system-mediated heterologous expression of green fluorescence protein (GFP) in Nicotiana benthamiana.

METHODSSeven transient expression vectors for the 7 RSSs were constructed and co-inoculated on the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana with PVXdt-GFP vector, a novel Potato virus X-based plant expression vector, through agroinfiltration. The protein and mRNA expression levels of the reporter gene GFP in the co-inoculated Nicotiana leaves were examined by Western blotting, ELISA and RT-qPCR to assess the effect of the RSSs for GFP expression enhancement.

RESULTSThe 7 RSSs differed in the degree and duration of enhancement of heterologous GFP expression, and the p19 protein of Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) induced the highest expression of GFP. African cassava mosaic virus AC2 protein and Rice yellow mettle virus P1 protein produced no obvious enhancement GFP expression.

CONCLUSIONTransient co-expression of RSSs suppresses host silencing response to allow high-level and long-term expression of heterologous genes in plant, but the optimal RSS has to be identified for each plant virus-based expression vector system.

Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Plant Viruses ; genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics ; metabolism ; Potexvirus ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; Tobacco ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the effect of warmer intravenous infusion combined with local liquid dressing skin daub methods in short-term PN infusion patients with peripheral venous indwelling needle.Methods:Using the single blind random control method,150 PN patients from October 2015 to August 2016 were included.The control group was given the liquid dressing skin daub with 75 cases,and the observation group was given warmer intravenous infusion jointing local liquid dressing skin daub with 75 cases.To observe the incidence of phlebitis and the pain of the infusion catheter site with the infusion limb and the average maintain time of peripheral venous indwelling needle.Results:The incidence of phlebitis was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01) in two groups.The degree of infusion catheter pain with infusion limb pain wasless painful in the observation group than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.005) in two groups.The degree of catheter site pain after pulling out peripheral venous indwelling needle was less painful in the observation group than that in the control group(P ＜ 0.01) in two groups To compare the average maintain time of peripheral venous indwelling needle was (P ＜ 0.001)in two groups.Conclusion:Warmer intravenous infusion combined with liquid dressing skin daub can effectively prevent the occurrence of phlebitis in patients with peripheral venous indwelling needle PN infusion and improve the comfort.

Objective To verify and monitor the performance of accuracy, precision and comparability of 26 clinical biochemical analytes (29 methods) in the six centers involved in multi-centers reference intervals research, and to ensure the reliability of theirmeasurement results.Methods During the period of the systems evaluating, two levels of commercial quality control materials and fresh frozen human serum reference materials were applied to verify the performance of inter-laboratory precision and accuracy of analysis systems. During the period of samples testing, the commercial quality control materials were measured whenever samples were analysed, the fresh frozen serum reference materials were measured once a month.The coefficient of variations (CVs), bias and total errors were calculated to assess the precision, accuracy and comparability.Results Verification of precision and accuracy: ( 1 ) the ranges of CVs of 29 methods in the six laboratory laboratories were 0.4%-6.0%, the CVs of all 29 methods met the criterion . (2) The overall average bias of the analysis systems of 21 analytes (24 methods) ranged from -5.15%( ALT) to 4.46% ( Ur ) .Among 24 methods the overall average bias of TP, Glu-GOD, Ur, Cl, Ca exceeded the acceptable range.The quality assessment during the period of samples testing:(1) The overall average bias ranged from -1.95%(Ca) to 2.92%(Ur), median 1.26%, they all met the requirements of relevant standards.( 2 ) When commercial control materials were tested, the requirements of CVs were fulfilled for most methods in the six laboratories,and the CVs of TP, Alb, Cl, Ca exceeded the acceptable range.The overall average TE of all methods met the quality specification for the C-N controls material.For the C-P control material, only the overall average TE of TP (5.05%) exceeded thearceptable range while the other methods met the requirement in criterion.Conclusions The performance of precision and accuracy of the analysis systems used in the six laboratories passed the verification.During the period of sample testing, the performance of precision and accuracy of the most methods in the 6 laboratories met the requirements of quality specifications, and the overall performance was good.Because of the limitation of current technology the performance of some methods didn't fulfill the requirement of specifications, and need to be improved.

To optimize the formulation and preparation method of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin and to investigate its pharmacokinetics in rats, the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin was prepared by double emulsification method and the formulation was optimized by orthogonal design. The release characteristics of thymopentin from multivesicular liposome in PBS (pH 7.4) and in plasma were investigated. The multivesicular liposome of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was prepared by double emulsification method. Its pharmacokinetics was evaluated following intramuscular injection in rats. The optimal formulation of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin were formulated with 7.5% glucose in aqueous phase and 2.25 mol x L(-1) triolein, 2.68 mol x L(-1) DPPG and 16.96 mol x L(-1) DOPC in organic phase. The entrapment efficiency of the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin was above 85% and the mean particle size was about 22 microm. The in vitro release of thymopentin from multivesicular liposome in PBS (pH 7.4) and in plasma was found to be in a sustained manner. The release curves were fitted to Higuchi equation. The pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection of the multivesicular liposome of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate in rats showed that the peak concentration of thymopentin was lower and elimination of it was slower significantly than that of thymopentin labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate solution in the same dose. The plasma concentration of thymopentin maintained above quantitative limitation at 120 h after administration of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin. The optimized formulation and preparation technology of multivesicular liposome of thymopentin with higher entrapment efficiency are feasible with good reproducibility. Multivesicular liposome of thymopentin showed significant sustained-release property following intramuscular injection in rats.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glucose ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Male ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylcholines ; chemistry ; Phosphatidylglycerols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thymopentin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Triolein ; chemistry

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Sal I, Nru I and Mse I restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of factor IX gene in Chinese Han people. The frequencies of FIX-192 and FIX-793 for A and G, and FIX-698 for T and C were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in unrelated normal Chinese Han people. A sample of 214, 210 and 206 unrelated X chromosomes were analyzed for FIX-192 and FIX-793 and FIX-698, respectively. The results showed that the frequencies for FIX-192 were 0.878 for A and 0.122 for G, with a heterozygosity rate of 0.213, and the frequencies for FIX-793 were 0.552 for A and 0.448 for G, with a heterozygosity rate of 0.494, the frequencies for FIX-698 were 0.311 for T and 0.689 for C, with a heterozygosity rate of 0.429. It was concluded that the SalIand NruI and MseI RFLPs of FIX gene may be useful markers for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis in Chinese families with hemophilia B patients.
China ; DNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ; metabolism ; Factor IX ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length