Objective Data mining technology was used to mine the medication rules of the prescriptions used in the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis by Chinese medical master XUAN Guo-Wei.Methods The medical records of effective cases of pediatric atopic dermatitis treated by Professor XUAN Guo-Wei at outpatient clinic were collected,and then the medical data were statistically analyzed using frequency statistics,association rule analysis and cluster analysis.Results A total of 242 prescriptions were included,involving 101 Chinese medicinals.There were 23 commonly-used herbs,and the 16 high-frequency herbs(frequency＞100 times)were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Saposhnikoviae Radix,Glehniae Radix,Perillae Folium,Ophiopogonis Radix,Cynanchi Paniculati Radix et Rhizoma,Microctis Folium,Dictamni Cortex,Scrophulariae Radix,Coicis Semen,Cicadae Periostracum,Lilii Bulbus,Rehmanniae Radix,Kochiae Fructus,Sclerotium Poriae Pararadicis,and Euryales Semen.The analysis of the medicinal properties showed that most of the herbs were sweet and cold,and mainly had the meridian tropism of the spleen,stomach and liver meridians.The association rule analysis yielded 24 commonly-used drug combinations and 20 association rules.Cluster analysis yielded 2 core drug combinations.Conclusion For the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis,Professor XUAN Guo-Wei focuses on the clearing,supplementing and harmonizing therapies,and the medication principle of"supporting the healthy-qi to eliminate the pathogen,and balancing the yin and yang"is applied throughout the treatment.

Objective: To examine the outcomes of Tiantan first-aid protocol on critically ill patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Methods: The clinical data of 18 patients with PCNSL who were treated according to Tiantan first-aid protocol at Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from November 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 9 males and 9 females, aged (56.9±11.1)years (range: 29 to 77 years). The median Karnofsky performance status(KPS) score at admission was 40 (range: 20 to 60). Three patients were mild coma, 3 were lethargy and 12 were conscious. The mean midline shift was 0.7 cm (range: 0 to 1.8 cm). After admission, all patients were treated according to the plan of rapid biopsy, rapid routine pathology and rapid salvage chemotherapy. The treatment procedures, clinical and radiographic outcomes, KPS score and adverse reactions of patients after chemotherapy were collected. Results: All of the 18 patients completed the first-aid treatment. The median duration from admission to the biopsy was 1 day (range: 0 to 5 days), from biopsy to routine pathological diagnosis was 1 day (range: 1 to 4 days) and from routine pathology to salvage chemotherapy was 1 day (range: 0 to 4 days). All the patients were pathologically confirmed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 1 patient was double-hit lymphoma. Seventeen patients underwent clinical remission and 1 died of cardiac dysfunction. The successful salvage rate was 17/18. Radiologically, complete remission was observed in 1 case, partial remission in 16 cases, and stable disease in 1 case. The median KPS score at discharge was 60 (range: 30 to 80). The mild gastrointestinal, hematological and hepatic adverse effects were observed after chemotherapy. Conclusion: Tiantan first-aid protocol is effective for critically ill patients with PCNSL, which has the merit to be popularly used and improved.
Central Nervous System ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/therapy* ; Critical Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma/therapy* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and to summarize the mid-term efficacy of China Net Childhood Lymphoma-mature B-cell lymphoma 2017 (CNCL-B-NHL-2017) regimen. Methods: Clinical features of 436 BL patients who were ≤18 years old and treated with the CNCL-B-NHL-2017 regimen from May 2017 to April 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics of patients at disease onset were analyzed and the therapeutic effects of patients with different clinical stages and risk groups were compared. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression was used to identify the prognostic factors. Results: Among 436 patients, there were 368 (84.4%) males and 68 (15.6%) females, the age of disease onset was 6.0 (4.0, 9.0) years old. According to the St. Jude staging system, there were 4 patients (0.9%) with stage Ⅰ, 30 patients (6.9%) with stage Ⅱ, 217 patients (49.8%) with stage Ⅲ, and 185 patients (42.4%) with stage Ⅳ. All patients were stratified into following risk groups: group A (n=1, 0.2%), group B1 (n=46, 10.6%), group B2 (n=19, 4.4%), group C1 (n=285, 65.4%), group C2 (n=85, 19.5%). Sixty-three patients (14.4%) were treated with chemotherapy only and 373 patients (85.6%) were treated with chemotherapy combined with rituximab. Twenty-one patients (4.8%) suffered from progressive disease, 3 patients (0.7%) relapsed, and 13 patients (3.0%) died of treatment-related complications. The follow-up time of all patients was 24.0 (13.0, 35.0) months, the 2-year event free survival (EFS) rate of all patients was (90.9±1.4) %. The 2-year EFS rates of group A, B1, B2, C1 and C2 were 100.0%, 100.0%, (94.7±5.1) %, (90.7±1.7) % and (85.9±4.0) %, respectively. The 2-year EFS rates was higher in group A, B1, and B2 than those in group C1 (χ²=4.16, P=0.041) and group C2 (χ²=7.21, P=0.007). The 2-year EFS rates of the patients treated with chemotherapy alone and those treated with chemotherapy combined with rituximab were (79.3±5.1)% and (92.9±1.4)% (χ²=14.23, P<0.001) respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that stage Ⅳ (including leukemia stage), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)>4-fold normal value, and with residual tumor in the mid-term evaluation were risk factors for poor prognosis (HR=1.38,1.23,8.52,95%CI 1.05-1.82,1.05-1.43,3.96-18.30). Conclusions: The CNCL-B-NHL-2017 regimen show significant effect in the treatment of pediatric BL. The combination of rituximab improve the efficacy further.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Child ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; Lymphoma, B-Cell/drug therapy* ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study. A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment. The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models. Results: A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis. Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels, but with different inflection points in men and women. The thresholds for FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA1c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L, 11.0/14.0 mmol/L, and 6.1/6.5, respectively (SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices). Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes, while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood* ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis* ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Uric Acid/blood*

Objective To investigate the distribution and resistance profile of bacterial isolates in Shanghai Children's Hospital. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility of all isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to 2016 CLSI standard. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software. Results A total of 23 259 non-duplicate strains were isolated from 2011 to 2016, including 10 885(46.8％)gram-postive cocci and 12 374(53.2％)gram-negative bacilli. The average prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA)and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS)was 35.8％ and 82.2％, respectively. The prevalence of MRSA rose from 27.4％ in 2011 to 42.9％ in 2016. The resistance rate of MRSA and MRCNS strains were significantly higher than methicillin sensitive strains. The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium strains was significant higher than Enterococcus faecalis. The prevalence of non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae was 31.2％(908). No gram-positive strain was resistant to vancomycin or linezolid. The prevalence of carbapenem resistance increased in gram-negative strains. The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem and meropenem rose from 3.1％ and 4.8 ％ in 2011 to 28.7％ and 37.4％ in 2016, respectively.The rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to imipenem and meropenem rose from 13.8％ and 16.5％ in 2011 to 18.8％ and 19.4％ in 2016, respectively, while Acinetobacter baumannii showed resistance rate of 38.3％ and 39.9 ％ in 2011 to 68.4％ and 69.7％ in 2016. Conclusions Increasing prevalence of MRSA, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, extensively drug-resistant A.baumannii has become a concern in clinical practice. Therefore, antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be highly strengthened in children's hospital.

Background: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, is an aggressive entity within the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid tumors. The International Prognostic Index is reported to be prognostically meaningful for ENKTL, but lacks discriminatory power for stage I/II ENKTL with extensive local invasion. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic effects of local invasion by site and tissue type in patients with ENKTL. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 86 patients who were diagnosed with ENKTL by the Department of Pathology of Beijing Tongren Hospital from June 2002 to April 2016, and ascertained tumor infiltration of adjacent structures (AS), bone, and soft tissue for each patient, using physical findings and imaging scans. We used univariate and multivariate analysis to assess the association of each involved tissue or site with patients’ overall survival (OS). Results: Of the 86 patients, 71(82.6%) experienced invasion of AS, 22(25.6%) of soft tissue, and 26(30.2%) had bone involvement. Overall, patients with AS involvement did not show significantly shorter survival than those without AS involvement (Log rank χ² = 1.177, P = 0.278); however, patients who had involved eyeballs or brains showed significantly lower 2-year OS rates than those without eyeball involvement (Log rank χ² = 4.105, P = 0.043) or brain involvement (Log rank χ² = 7.126, P = 0.008). Patients with involved local soft tissue or bones, respectively, showed lower 2-year OS rates than those without involved local soft tissue (Log rank χ² = 10.390, P = 0.001) or bones (Log rank χ² = 8.993, P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that involvement of the cheek or facial muscles (hazard ratio, HR = 5.471, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.466–20.416, P = 0.011) and the maxilla bone (HR = 6.120, 95% CI: 1.517–24.694, P = 0.011) were significantly independent predictors of lower 2-year OS rates. Conclusions Imaging can accurately detect ENKTL invasion of AS, soft tissue, and bone. Involvement of local soft tissue or bone was significantly associated with lower 2-year OS rates. Involvements of the cheek or facial muscle, as well as maxilla bone, are independent predictors of lower 2-year OS rates in ENKTL patients.

This research was performed to establish the HPLC fingerprint of Sabia parviflora. HPLC method was carried out on a Thermo Accucore-C18(4. 6 mm×150 mm,2. 6 μm) column by 30% tetrahydrofuran in methyl alcohol-acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphate solution as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 m L·min-1,the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 360 nm. The fingerprints were further evaluated by chemometrics methods including similarity analysis,hierarchical clustering analysis,and principal component analysis. In HPLC fingerprint,15 common peaks were selected as the common peaks,and 6 contents of them were identified. The similarity degrees of 38 batches of the samples was more than 0. 710,and the samples were divided into 6 clusters by their quality difference. The method was precision,repeatable,stable,simple and reliable,which could be used for quality control and evaluation of S. parviflora.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cluster Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quality Control

Objective: To observe the effect of the cyclophosphamide (CTX) on systemic lupus erythematosus mice by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Methods: (BALB/c × C57BL/J6) F1 hybrid mice were used as recipients of donor lymphocytes which were injected intravenously. Mice were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, serum autoantibody and urinary protein were measured, renal pathological changes and the situation of fungal infection were observed. Results: The reduced urinary protein, ameliorated renal lesions were found in the CTX-treated mice. Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus were detected respectively in respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions: CTX can alleviate lupus nephritis and the fluorescent quantitative PCR is a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of fungal infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the absorption characteristics and transportation mechanism Yangyin Tongnao granules in main effective fractions in Caco-2 cell model.

METHODThe safety concentrations of Yangyin Tongnao granules in main effective fractions in Caco-2 cells. A Caco-2 cell model was established to study the transport situations after the compatibility of Yangyin Tongnao granules in main effective fractions, and the content was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTP(app) of puerarin, ligustrazine and astragaloside were less than 1.0 x 10(-6) cm x s(-1), and their P(app) were hard to be close to atenolol. The oral absorption in descending order is shown as the following: puerarin, ligustrazine, astragaloside. After the compatibility between saponins and flavonoids, P(app) of astragaloside was improved obviously, which promoted the transport from apical (AP) to basolateral (BL); the compatibility of puerarin, ligustrazine and astragaloside showed a significant effect in the efflux of astragaloside and no change in the absorption transport of ligustrazine and puerarin at the same time. There is a great difference in bidirectional transport of representative component of each effective fraction, and P(app)(B --> A) was significantly greater than Papp(A --> B), which suggested that the efflux transport from BL side to AP side had an advantage in the three representative components of the three effective fractions in Caco-2 cell monolayer model.

CONCLUSIONAstragaloside, ligustrazine and puerarin may be malabsorptive compounds, and the three compounds may be discharged by the transport protein in small intestine membrane.

Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Tablets ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics