Aim To investigate the inhibitory effect of schizandrin B( SchB) on ultraviolet radiation b ( UVB) radiation-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells. Methods Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium ( MTT ) assay was used to examine the effect of SchB on cell viability recovery. Cell apoptosis and necrosis were measured by Ho-chest33342 staining. The p53, p21 and Caspase-3 mRNA expressions were examined by RT-PCR. Results In this study, we found that Sch B attenuated UVB-in-duced toxicity in HaCaT cells. Through Hoechst 33342 stain, we visualized that SchB could inhibit UVB-in-duced HaCaT cell death. The result demonstrated that p53 , p21 and Caspase-3 mRNA levels decreased com-pared with the control group. Conclusions Sch B at-tenuates the UVB-induced toxicity of HaCaT by inhibi-ting apoptotic gene expression. It plays a role in anti-photoaging.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of podophyllotoxin derivative QW-83 on human cervical cancer HeLa cell apopto-sis and its mechanism. METHODS:After treated with 0(negative control),0.01,0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L QW-83 and positive drug etoposide(VP-16)for 48 h,proliferation inhibition rate and IC50 of HeLa cell were determined by MTT assay. The morphological changes of HeLa cell were observed by Hochest 33342 staining after treated with QW-83 [0(negative control),2.5,5,10μmol/L] for 48 h;flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis rate;semi quantitative RT-PCR was adopted to detect the expression of apop-tosis related gene P53,Bax,Casepase-3,Casepase-8,Casepase-9 and Bcl-2 mRNA. RESULTS:Compared with negative control, 1,10 μmol/L VP-16 and QW-83 had obvious proliferation inhibition effect on HeLa cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and IC50 were (5.11±0.43)μmol/L and(4.96±0.54)μmol/L. Hochest 33342 staining results showed QW-83 could obviously induce cells apopto-sis and nuclear pyknosis. Flow cytometry showed QW-83 could increase apoptosis rate in concentration-dependent manner,being 16.89%-62.56%. RT-PCR showed mRNA expression of P53,Bax,Caspase-3,Casepase-8 and Casepase-9,Bcl-2/Bax increased, while mRNA expression of Bcl-2 decreased after treated with QW-83(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Podophyllotoxin derivative QW-83 can induce HeLa cell apoptosis,and its mechanism may be associated with regulate mRNA expression of apoptosis related gene.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Biphenyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heart Atria ; cytology ; drug effects ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; physiology ; Potassium Channels ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rabbits ; Tetrazoles ; pharmacology

Abstract: Objective　To collect and organize malaria case data in Hubei Province from 2017 to 2021, compare and analyze the malaria epidemic characteristics on the before and after malaria elimination, and provide scientific support for Hubei Province to further optimize the comprehensive strategies to prevent re-transmission after the elimination of malaria. Methods The study was conducted by collecting the data of reported malaria cases of Hubei during 2017-2021 from the Infectious Disease Surveillance Reporting and Management System, and conducting the epidemiological characteristics of malaria on pre-elimination (2017-2019) and post-elimination (2020-2021). Results A total of 429 cases of imported malaria were reported in Hubei Province from 2017 to 2021, and the malaria epidemic showed an obvious trend of rising first and then falling. On the pre-malaria elimination, 374 malaria cases were reported, including 262 cases of P.falciparum (70.05%); on the post-malaria elimination, 55 malaria cases were reported, including 25 cases of P.falciparum (45.45%). There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of infections caused by the four types of malaria parasites before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=14.248, P<0.05). On the pre-malaria elimination, the peak of disease onset mainly occurred in January, July, and November; on the post-malaria elimination, the peak of disease onset mainly occurred in January to February, and December. Both before and after malaria elimination, the reported cases were mainly concentrated in Wuhan, Yichang, Huangshi, Xiangyang, Shiyan and Huanggang, but the range of cases showed a clear trend of narrowing. Before and after malaria elimination, malaria cases in Hubei Province were mainly among young and middle-aged males aged 30-49. The proportions of workers and migrant workers increased from 37.70% and 9.09% before the elimination to 50.91% and 18.18% after the elimination, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=17.839, P<0.05). The percentage of interval from onset of illness to initial diagnosis ≥ 5d decreased from 21.66% before the elimination to 10.91% after the elimination (χ2=6.448, P<0.05). The percentage of definitive diagnosis of malaria at initial diagnosis in town clinic increased from 18.18% before the elimination to 50.00% after the elimination. The proportion of malaria cases diagnosed by county-level medical institutions increased from 22.73% before the elimination to 34.55% after elimination. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of malaria cases diagnosed by medical institutions at all levels before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=5.630, P>0.05). The proportion of cases with the interval between initial diagnosis and diagnosis within 24h increased from 43.85% before the elimination to 70.91% after the elimination. There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of cases with the interval between initial diagnosis and diagnosis before and after the elimination of malaria (χ2=14.006, P<0.05). Before and after malaria elimination, all reported cases were mainly imported from African countries. Conclusions There are imported malaria cases reported every year in Hubei Province before and after the elimination of malaria, which poses a great challenge to the prevention of re-transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance system, detect and standardize the treatment of imported malaria cases in a timely manner, conduct targeted retransmission risk surveys and assessments, and consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination.

BACKGROUNDCarvedilol, an antagonist of alpha1- and beta-adrenergic receptors, has shown efficacy in reducing all-cause death and arrhythmia death for ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure in several large-scale trials. It has been found to prevent ventricular remodeling, and recently was reported to reverse down-regulation of Na+ channel in a chronic heart failure model. This study was conducted to investigate whether carvedilol could reverse the ion remodeling in a myocardial infarction model of rabbit.

METHODSAfter the procedure of coronary ligation, animals were randomized to placebo or carvedilol treatment (5 mg/kg). Action potentials, L-type calcium current (Ica L) and the effect of isoproterenol stimulation on Ica L were measured using whole-cell patch method. Evaluation of the expression of calcium channel subunits was carried out by RT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThe results indicate that mean peak Ica L densities (pA/pF) at +10 mV was reduced in postinfarction myocytes (5.33 +/- 0.45, n = 25) compared to sham myocytes (6.52 +/- 0.21, n = 20). Treatment of myocardial infarction rabbits with carvedilol could restore it partially (5.91 +/- 0.39, n = 20, P < 0.05). However, steady-state activation parameters were similar in three groups. With stimulation by isoproterenol (1 micromol/L) Ica L increased in all three groups, but the increase was smaller in postinfarction myocytes. mRNA levels of calcium channel subunit CaA1 gene was decreased but CaB2a, CaB2b and CaB3 mRNA levels did not change after MI. Corresponding change in CaA1 protein was also observed.

CONCLUSIONSThe results demonstrate that carvedilol restores Ica L density and reverse the downregulation of CaA1 postinfarction.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carbazoles ; pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Propanolamines ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

Adenosine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels ; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels ; Ion Channels ; physiology ; Isoproterenol ; pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; physiology ; Potassium Channels ; Pulmonary Veins ; physiology ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of intense electromagnetic pulse(EMP) on the biological effects of mitochondrial membrane.

METHODRat liver mitochondrial suspension was exposed to EMP at 60 kV/m level. The changes of membrane lipid fluidity and membrane protein mobility were detected by ESR and spin label technique. Malondialdehyde(MDA) was detected by spectrophotometer.

RESULTSThe mobility of membrane protein decreased significantly(P < 0.05). Correlation time (tau c) of control group was (0.501 +/- 0.077) x 10(-9)s, and tau c of EMP group was (0.594 +/- 0.049) x 10(-9)s, indicating that the mobility of protein was restricted. The fluidity of mitochondrial membrane increased significantly(P < 0.05) at the same time. Order parameter(S) of mitochondrial membrane lipid in control group was 0.63 +/- 0.01, while S of EMP group was 0.61 +/- 0.01(P < 0.05). MDA decreased significantly.

CONCLUSIONThe mobility and lipid peroxidation of mitochondrial membrane may be disturbed after EMP exposure.

Animals ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Lipid Peroxidation ; radiation effects ; Membrane Fluidity ; radiation effects ; Mitochondria, Liver ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Mitochondrial Membranes ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Rats

·AIM: To study the mechanism and effect of Qingxuan decoction on evaporative dry eye in rabbit model. ·METHODS: Totally 25 healthy male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, model group, western medicine group, high dose of Qingxuan decoction group, low dose of Qingxuan decoction group. The blank control group did not do any treatment. The improved dry eye model of rabbit was prepared by the improved method of glandular burning of the eyelid plate. The high and low dose group were given daily 27. 2mg/kg, 6. 8mg/kg Qingxuan decoction by gavage. The model group was intragastric with the same amount of normal saline every day. The western medicine group with tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment 1 drops, once a day. The treatment were administered continuously for 28d. At 14d before the experiment, 7d before the experiment, 7d after the model, and 14d after the model, all the rabbits were tested by Schirmer Ⅰ test ( SⅠt) and break-up time (BUT). On the 15d after modeling, the animals were sacrificed by excessive anaesthesia. Rabbit ocular surface tissue sections were prepared. Hematoxylin - eosin staining method was used to observe the corneal morphological changes in each group. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the ocular surface of rabbits were detected by ELISA. ·RESULTS: (1) BUT, SⅠt: 7d after the model had been prepared, BUT and SⅠt of the model group and the western medicine group, high dose and low dose of Qingxuan decoction group was improved ( P< 0. 05 );Those of western medicine group, high dose and low dose of Qingxuan Decoction group compared with the model group, were significantly different (P<0. 05). (2) TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6: The ELISA assay showed that TNF-α and IL-1, IL-6 concentration in the model group rabbits was significantly higher than those of the control group, TNF-α and IL-1, IL-6 concentration in western medicine group and high dose group of rabbits was significantly lower than those in the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05), and in high dose group the effect was better than that of Western medicine group. ( 3 ) Histopathological examination: on the 14d after the model, the corneal epithelium in the blank control group was stratified well. The cells in the base were columnar, near the surface, the cornea epithelium showed a squamous change. Conjunctiva showed complete epithelial layer and subconjunctival tissue layer, and goblet cells arranged closely. The number of corneal epithelial cells in model group was reduced or even stripped, and the matrix layer was disorder; Irregular loss of conjunctival epithelial cell layer and a large decrease in goblet cells. The corneal morphology of the rabbits in the western medicine group and the high dose group was close to the normal group, and the number of conjunctival goblet cells was not significantly different from that in the blank control group. ·CONCLUSION: The expression of Qingxuan decoction can inhibit the inflammatory reaction through down -regulation of TNF-α and IL-1, IL-6 and in evaporative dry eye rabbit cornea and conjunctiva, so as to improve the ocular symptoms, increase tear secretion, prolong the time of BUT.

OBJECTIVETo express and purify polyphosphate kinase (PPK) from Proteus mirabilis and prepare the polyclonal antibody against PPK.

METHODSThe antigenicity and hydrophobicity of PPK were analyzed using software. The N-terminal conservative sequence containing 309 amino acids was selected as the target peptide, and its corresponding gene sequence with modification based on prokaryotic cells-preferred codon was synthesized and inserted into plasmid pET28b(+). The constructed recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and induced with IPTG. The expressed fusion protein was purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. The purified protein was injected along with adjuvant in rabbits to prepare the polyclonal antibodies against PPK.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONPPK fusion protein expressed by E. coli was purified successfully using Ni-affinity chromatography. ELISA result demonstrated that the harvested rabbit anti-sera against PPK had a high titer of 1:512 000, and Western blotting showed a good specificity of the antibody, which can be used further study of the role of PPK in the pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis infection.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the heartwood of Taxus cuspidata.

METHODSilica gel column chromatography, preparative HPLC and preparative TLC were used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents; 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods were used for structural identification.

RESULTTen compounds, taxinine (1), taxusin (2), beta-sitosterol (3), 1 beta-hydroxybaccatin I (4), 2alpha, 5alpha, 10beta-triacetoxy-14beta-(2'-methyl) butanoyloxy-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (5), 2alpha, 5alpha, 10beta-triacetoxy-14beta-(2'-methyl-3'-hydroxy-butanoyloxyl-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (yunnanxane) (6), 9alpha, 10beta, 13alpha-triacetoxy-5alpha-cinnamoyltaxa-4 (20), 11-diene (7), 2-deacetoxytaxinine J (8), taxezopidine G (9), 2alpha, 7beta, 9alpha, 10beta, 13alpha-pentaacetoxyl-taxa-4 (20), 11-dien-5-ol (5-decinnamoyltaxinine J) (10), were isolated and identified from the heartwood of T. cuspidata.

CONCLUSIONThree taxanes, 1 beta-hydroxybaccatin I (4), 2alpha, 5alpha, 10beta-triacetoxy-14beta-(2'-methyl-3'-hydroxy-butanoyloxy)-4 (20), 11-taxadiene (yunnanxane) (6), and 2alpha, 7beta, 9alpha, 10beta, 13alpha-pentaacetoxyltaxa-4 (20) , 11-dien-5-ol (10), were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Diterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Taxoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Taxus ; chemistry