Central lines are indispensable in hospital care. The main complication resulting from their use is central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). CLABSI is one of the most frequent healthcare-associated infections associated with high costs, morbidity, and potential lethality. Recent studies on CLABSI prevention show that a multifaceted approach to improving central line insertion and maintenance practices results in decreased CLABSI rates. The question today, then, is not 'what to do,' but 'how to do it.'
Catheter-Related Infections ; Central Venous Catheters ; Comprehensive Health Care

No abstract available.
Methicillin ; Methicillin Resistance ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus

Computed tomography(CT) has enabled early recognition and treatment of focal injuries in patients with head trauma. However, CT has been less beneficial in identifying diffuse brain injury(DBI). The authors have analyzed retrospectively, a series of 132 patients with OBI observed for 2 years from Aug. 1986 to Jul. 1988 to evaluate the significance of the factors affecting outcome. Eighty-three patients were selected as being compatible with moderate and severe diffuse axonal injury(DAI) classified by Gennarelli, defined by coma without a CT lesion that is an obvious cause and coma greater than 24 hr with or without decerebration. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The 38(45.7%) out of 83 patients were found below age of 20, but there was no statistical significance between age distribution and outcome. 2) In case of initial Glasgow coma scale(GCS) of 7 or 8, 32(86.5%) out of 37 patients revealed good outcome, but 18(90%) of 20 patients with a score of 3 or 4 revealed poor outcome(p<0.01). 3) With regard to brain swelling in CT, there was significant statistical difference to outcome(p<0.05). 4) Small hemorrhages on corpus callosum, basal ganglia, basal cistern, peritentorial, lateral ventricle that is characteristic CT findings for DAI were showed 58(70%) out of all cases. It might be concluded that initial GCS, brain swelling and small hemorrhages in CT were significant factors affecting outcome in DAI.
Age Distribution ; Axons ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries* ; Coma ; Corpus Callosum ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents* ; Intracranial Aneurysm*

No Abstract available.
Cross Infection* ; Korea*

The spontaneous subdural hematoma due to dural metastasis is a rare events. It is suggested that disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) and vascular obstruction due to invasion of the dural vessel play the important factors in the formation of the subdural hematoma in cancer patient. The authors presented 5 cases with a review of the literature.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Hematoma, Subdural* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

The case of 17-year-old boy is presented, in whom back pain progressed to paraplegia. A spinal epidural hematoma was removed at surgery with complete recovery. No traumatic or febrile episode was obtainable. The importance of early diagnosis and early spinal decompression is stressed.
Adolescent ; Back Pain ; Decompression ; Early Diagnosis ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal* ; Humans ; Male ; Paraplegia

Acoustic neurinoma are the most frequent tumors in the region of the cerebellopontine angle. They usually present with a gradual onset of symptoms and slow progression. Development of spontaneous hemorrhage with sudden aggravation of symptoms is rare. The authors present a case of acoustic neurinoma associated with a spontaneous intratumoral hemorrhage. Sudden aggravation of symptoms was noticed. The cranial computed tomography revealed multiple blood-fluid levels within the cysts of the tumor which was located in the region of the right cerebellopontine angle. Operation was performed, which confirmed recent hemorrhage within the tumor. Pathological study revealed a typical neurilemmoma associated with hemorrhage, vascular proliferation and macrophages which phagocytosed hemosiderin pigments. The rare sudden aggravation of symptoms in cases of acoustic neurinoma may suggest hemorrhage.
Acoustics* ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemosiderin ; Macrophages ; Neurilemmoma ; Neuroma, Acoustic*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans