OBJECTIVE:To research the correlation between per capita disposable income,investment of pharmaceutical advertisement,people’s healthy level,pharmaceutical price and the demand of drugs in China METHODS:Based on the economical theory,the methods of the econometrics and the Eviews were adopted to establish the model of demand function RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Under the background of the non-full competition,the improvement of people’s living conditions can lead to the demand of drugs The changes of drug price have little influence on the demand of drugs

By generalizing the integrity crisis of college students,the article analyzes the causes of this phenomenon,and proposes a series of measures aiming at strengthening integrity education,establishing the favorable environment,completing the mechanism of rewards and punishments and building the credit system,in the hope of securing the deepening and full completion of good-faith education at college,both ideologically and systematically.

The coronary collateral circulation is an alternative source of blood supply to the myocardium jeopardized by failure of the original vessel to provide adequate flow. Angiogenesis growth factors induce angiogenesis to promote collateral circulation, been demonstrated in a number of different animal test and phase Ⅰ clinical experience to induce collateralization in the ischemic area and improve cardiac function. Although there are several unsolved questions, the pharmacologic use of angiogenesis growth factors will represent a viable therapeutic alternative for the patients with ischemic heart disease.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of P3a and P3b which are the subcomponents of P300 event-related potential in patients with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) ,and to investigate the relations between P3a,P3b and the changes of cognitive function and cerebral blood flow. Methods Thirty patients with VCI and twenty two normal subjects were tested for P3a and P3b cognitive function ischemic focus and cerebral blood flow and then analyzed for correlation. Results (1) The latency of P3a ((446 ± 71) ms, (429 ± 67) ms, (446±61)ms,(428±66)ms)and P3b((496 ±73)ms,(478 ±75)ms,(498 ±77)ms,(483 ±77)ms) was significantly prolonged in patients with VCI compared with that in normal subjects in all recorded regions(P<0.01) . The amplitude of P3a in patients with VCI ((3.3 ±2.6)μV,(3.3 ± 1.8)μV) was significantly lower than that in normal subjects in Fz and Pz (P<0.01) ,and the amplitude of P3b in patients with VCI((4.5 ±2.5)μV,(6.4 ± 3.8)μV,(5.3 ±3.8)μV,(5. 3 ±3.0)μV) was significantly lower than that in normal subjects in all recorded regions (P < 0.01 or P<0.05) . (2) The latency of P3a and P3b in patients with VCI was negatively related to the scores of sub items of attention and MMSE total scores (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the amplitude of P3a was positively related to the scores of MMSE total scores(P<0.05) ,the amplitude of P3b was positively related to the scores of attention and MMSE total scores(P<0.05). (3) The latency of P3a in patients with VCI was positively related to frontal lobe(P<0.05) ,and the latency of P3b was positively related to parietal lobe(P<0.05). (4) The latency of P3a in patients with VCI was positively related to RILMCA,RILACA and RIRACA(P<0.05 orP<0.01) ,the latency of P3b was positively related to RILMCA,RIRMCA and RIRACA(P<0.05 orP<0.01) ,and the amplitude of P3a was positively related to RILACA(P<0.01). Conclusion P3a and P3b are good objective indexes for testing the descent of cognitive function in patients with VCI,which can provide reference basis for the clinical diagnosis.

Acupressure ; Acupuncture Points ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enuresis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Urination

Aged ; Calcinosis ; complications ; Heart Aneurysm ; complications ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Thrombosis ; complications

Heart failure(HF)is the end stage of many cardiovascular diseases. Both the neurohumor overactivation and ventricular remodeling are the critical pathophy-siological processes of HF. It has been demonstrated that the serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated obviously in HF patients. As a circulatory hormone,BNP is mainly produced in cardiac ventricle. Through the natriuretic receptor(NPR)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)pathway, BNP performs the properties of natriuresis,diuresis, vasodilatation,enhancing vagal reflex and inhibiting sympathetic activity, which can improve the hemodynamic of HF without activation of plasma renin. It has been reported that BNP has effects of antihypertrophic and antifibrotic and plays a role in the antiventricular remodeling. In a word, BNP plays an important role of cardioprotection in the development and prognosis of HF though the local autocrine and/orparacrine ways.

Nonglomerular synapses in the neuropil of the substantia gelatinosa of adult ratspinal trigeminal nucleus were subjected to electron microscopic examination. Nonglomerular synapses in the substantia gelatinosa were associated with four main types of axonal terminals. On the basis of vesicle shapes, these were classified as round vesicle, elongate vesicle, pleomorphie vesicle, and dense cored vesicle terminals. The category of round vesicle terminals could be subdivided into large round vesicle terminals and small round vesicle terminals according to their different size of synaptic vesicles. Nonglomerular synapses included four types, i. e. axodendritic, axo-axonic, dendro-dendritic and dendro-axonic synapses. Of these, the majority of synapses were axodendritie. The functional significance of the classification of these synapses and their axonal terminals had been discussed.

Large dense core vesicle in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis of the rat has been observed electron microscopically. It is fixed in glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide following removal of the skin of the vibrissae areas. The findings of the present study are: 1.Morphological evidence for exocytosis of large dense core vesicle from non-synaptic sites of the axonal terminal has been presented.2. The large coated vesicles equipped with central densities derived from the invagination of the plasma membrane. These observations suggest that membrane recycling occur at location in the terminal via these coated vesicles.3.Some large dense core vesicles may also form the tubular structures which may represent smooth endoplasmic reticulum containing dense material. This study supports the hypothesis that release of the transmitter of the great dense core vesicles occur at nonsynaptic sites by exocytosis.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in diabetic patients. This article reviews several aspects of asymptomatic bacteriuria in diabetes mellitus, including prevalence, mechanisms, coexisting risk factors, bacteriology, treatment and prognosis.