1.Soft Tissue Change in Frontal View after Orthognathic Surgery for Class III Malocclusion: Analysis Using Facial 'Phi' Mask
Young Min HEO ; Hong Soek KIM ; Jun Young PAENG ; Jongrak HONG ; Chang Soo KIM
Journal of the Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 2011;33(6):490-496
2.Gender Differences of Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems According to the Extracurricular Education.
Jungeun SONG ; Duk In JON ; Jeong Ho SOEK ; Narei HONG ; Young Shin KIM ; Hyun Ju HONG
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2010;21(1):37-44
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate gender differences with respect to the internalization or externalization of symptoms according to the amount of time spent engaged in extracurricular education. METHODS: The study included a community sample of 755 boys and girls (mean age, 6.6 years), collected from five elementary schools in Gunpo, South Korea. Primary caregivers completed a questionnaire which included information on demographics, the amounts of time children spent in extracurricular education and with other activities, and an adapted form of the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC-2). Gender differences regarding externalizing and internalizing behavior problems were examined according to extracurricular education. RESULTS: With respect to the boys, there was a difference in the frequency of those who had externalizing behavior problems according to their time spent in extracurricular education. In contrast, the girls exhibited no difference. With respect to those children who spent a lot of time engaged in extracurricular education, there was a gender-specific difference only with respect to externalizing behavior problems. CONCLUSION: A gender-specific difference exists only in terms of externalizing behavior problems according to time spent engaged in extracurricular education.
Caregivers
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Child
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Demography
;
Humans
;
Republic of Korea
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
3.A Case of Vigabatrin Induced Symptomatic Visual Field Defect.
Keun Yong UM ; Sung Min KIM ; Byung Ju LEE ; Hong Ki SONG ; Ki Han KWON ; Byung Chul LEE ; Jin Soek OH ; Kyung Hwa LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2000;18(2):232-234
Vigabatrin (VGB) is one of the most frequently prescribed new anti-epileptic drugs in the world since 1989. It has minimal side effects and fewer drug interactions with other anti-epileptic drugs. Recently, concern of the prevalence and pathophysiology of visual impairment with VGB has been increased since the reports of visual field constriction in patients treated with VGB. We report a 46-year-old man with a visual field defect who has been suffering from complex partial seizures for 29 years. Brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) and electroencephalogram (EEG) were non-specific. The frequency of seizures was about 5 times a month for the past 5 years. VGB, in a dose of 1500 mg/day, was prescribed as an add on drug in addition to carbamazepine. 19 months after VGB treatment, the patient complained of visual dimness especially in the lower half of the visual field. He expressed it as "waving". He had no metabolic derangement. Fundus examination, visual evoked potential, and electroretinogram showed normal findings. A visual field analysis showed a bilateral field defect in the lower half. A follow up visual field analysis, 6 months after the withdrawal of VGB, revealed a slight improvement of visual field defects which were noted without significant clinical improvement. This case implicates that visual field defects due to VGB may be partially reversible.
Brain
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Carbamazepine
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Constriction
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Drug Interactions
;
Electroencephalography
;
Evoked Potentials, Visual
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Prevalence
;
Seizures
;
Vigabatrin*
;
Vision Disorders
;
Visual Fields*
4.Safety and efficacy of propofol for sedative endoscopy in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis.
Hyo Joong YOON ; Sang Gyune KIM ; Hyun Sik NA ; Ju Hee MAENG ; Sang Hoon HAN ; Jae Young JANG ; Bong Min KO ; Su Jin HONG ; Chang Beom RYU ; Young Soek KIM ; Jong Ho MOON ; Joon Seong LEE ; Moon Sung LEE ; Chan Sup SHIM ; Boo Sung KIM
Korean Journal of Medicine 2008;75(5):546-552
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Propofol is widely used for sedation during endoscopy. Because propofol may cause hepatic encephalopathy, hemodynamic compromise, and respiratory depression, cautious use is required in patients with liver cirrhosis. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of propofol in compensated cirrhosis during endoscopic examination. METHODS: Thirty-nine cirrhotic patients (19 and 20 cases of Child Pugh classes A and B, respectively) and 56 control subjects were included. The initial dose of propofol (40 mg) was increased by 20-mg increments until moderate sedation was achieved. The number connection test, flapping tremor test, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, liver enzymes, and prothrombin time were evaluated before and after endoscopy. RESULTS: No significant change was observed in any parameter compared to baseline in either group. The mean dose of propofol was significantly lower in cirrhotic versus control subjects (49.7+/-15.8 versus 65.0+/-17.9 mg, respectively; p<0.001). Scores based on a visual analog scale evaluating patient satisfaction did not differ between groups (72+/-27 versus 64+/-26, respectively; p=0.196), nor did mean recovery time (16.4+/-9.8 versus 14.2+/-6.7 min, respectively; p=0.186). CONCLUSION: Propofol is safe and effective for moderate sedation in compensated liver cirrhosis.
Child
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Conscious Sedation
;
Endoscopy
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Fibrosis
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Heart Rate
;
Hematologic Tests
;
Hemodynamics
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Hepatic Encephalopathy
;
Humans
;
Liver
;
Liver Cirrhosis
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Oxygen
;
Patient Satisfaction
;
Propofol
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Prothrombin Time
;
Respiratory Insufficiency
;
Tremor
5.Expression of osteopontin in calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaques.
Hyuck Moon KWON ; Bum Kee HONG ; Tae Soo KANG ; Kihwan KWON ; Hae Kyoon KIM ; Yangsoo JANG ; Donghoon CHOI ; Hyun Young PARK ; Soek Min KANG ; Seung Yun CHO ; Hyun Seung KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2000;15(5):485-493
Advanced atherosclerosis is often associated with dystrophic calcification and remodeling of extracellular matrix of vascular wall. Recently many studies have documented a general relationship between calcification and severity of coronary disease, and discussed the feasibility of electron beam computed tomography for detecting and quantifying the coronary artery calcification in the patients. The present study investigated the expression and the localization of osteopontin, one of noncollagenous bone matrix protein, within the calcified coronary arteries. Autopsy-derived coronary artery specimens were scanned and reconstructed to visualize the pattern of coronary calcification using a novel microscopic computed tomography technique. The localization of the osteopontin were evaluated by immunohistochemial stain with LF7. The present study showed that the pattern of coronary calcification is variable and the expression of osteopontin is localized mainly to calcified lesion. The smooth muscle cells in addition to macrophage expressed osteopontin protein in human coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Soluble osteopontin released near to the sites of vascular calcification may represent an adaptive mechanism aimed at regulating the process of vascular calcification.
Aged
;
Calcinosis/metabolism
;
Coronary Arteriosclerosis/pathology*
;
Coronary Arteriosclerosis/metabolism*
;
Coronary Vessels/pathology*
;
Coronary Vessels/metabolism
;
Coronary Vessels/chemistry*
;
Female
;
Human
;
Immunohistochemistry
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Male
;
Middle Age
;
Sialoglycoproteins/biosynthesis
;
Sialoglycoproteins/analysis*