No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Opportunistic fungal infections are significant causes of mortality and morbidity especially among the immunocompromised hosts. There is now increasing array of drugs available for their treatment. Amphotericin B is the most established and widely used antifungal agent and lipid-complexed amphotericin B preparations are introduced recently. The imidazole and triazole drugs have specific roles to play on the management of these patients. However, antifungal therapy is still limited by the lack of effective agents, lack of early diagnostic techniques to identify infection in its early stages and the developement of resistance. There are also few comparative studies of drugs within the increasing number of antifungal agents which would Provide a reliable basis for choice.
Amphotericin B ; Antifungal Agents ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Mortality

No abstract available.
Atrioventricular Block* ; Myocarditis* ; Pancreatitis* ; Typhoid Fever*

Arthroscopic treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee has been widely performed as one of the surgical options, in spite of persisting concerns regarding its efficacy. Arthroscopic debridement is a general term that is used to cover many procedures, including lavage, partial meniscectomy, removal of loose body, synovectomy, chondroplasty, removal of offending osteophytes, and/or microfracture. Recently, the role of arthroscopy in managing the osteoarthritic knee has been challenged by elusive consensus on its usefulness. Therefore, we review the available literatures for the arthroscopic intervention in knee osteoarthritis and summarized evidences for proper patient selection, which is a paramount factor to achieve the surgical goal of the arthroscopic treatment in osteoarthritic knee.
Arthroscopy ; Consensus ; Debridement ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Osteophyte ; Patient Selection ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Chusid et al proposed diagnostic criteria of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) that remain valid today. These were, (1) a sustained peripheral blood eosinophil count of more than 1500/L present for longer than 6 months ; (2) no evidence of other apparent causes for eosinophilia, and (3) presumptive signs of parenchymal organ involvement. Any organ system may be affected in HES, but the most severe clinicopathological involvements are of the heart and nervous system. Although multiple organ systems may be involved, the most common cause of morbidity and mortality is cardiac involvement with extensive fibrous thickening of the endomyocardium and overlying thrombus. We report a case of acute peri-myocarditis with eosinophilia, which was confirmed as eosinophilic myocarditis by endomyocardial biopsy, with literature review.
Biopsy ; Edema* ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Heart ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; Mortality ; Myocarditis* ; Nervous System ; Thrombosis

Chusid et al proposed diagnostic criteria of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) that remain valid today. These were, (1) a sustained peripheral blood eosinophil count of more than 1500/L present for longer than 6 months ; (2) no evidence of other apparent causes for eosinophilia, and (3) presumptive signs of parenchymal organ involvement. Any organ system may be affected in HES, but the most severe clinicopathological involvements are of the heart and nervous system. Although multiple organ systems may be involved, the most common cause of morbidity and mortality is cardiac involvement with extensive fibrous thickening of the endomyocardium and overlying thrombus. We report a case of acute peri-myocarditis with eosinophilia, which was confirmed as eosinophilic myocarditis by endomyocardial biopsy, with literature review.
Biopsy ; Edema* ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Heart ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; Mortality ; Myocarditis* ; Nervous System ; Thrombosis

The ultimate goal of periodontal treatment is the regeneration of periodontal tissues which have been lost due to periodontal disease. Recently, many natural medicines have been studied for their potential of anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects in periodontal tissues. Safflower seeds have been traditionally used as a drug for treatment of fracture and blood stasis in oriental medicine. The objective of the present study is to examine the biologic effects of safflower seeds extract on bone formation and regeneration of rat calvarial defects. The calvarial defects were made with 8mm trephine bur and extract of safflower seeds were placed directly at these defects. 24 rats were divided into control and experimental groups, and each group was sacrificed at 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. To study a histopathology related to bone regeneration, Goldner's Masson Trichrome stain and histomorphologic measuring was done at each weeks. In the early phase of bone healing, less inflammatory infiltration and capillary proliferation was found in experimental group compared to control. Dense bony tissues and matured bone structures in defect areas were found in experimental groups. And area of new bone formation was significantly increased at 8 weeks in experimental group. These results indicate that direct local application of safflower seeds extract reduces the early inflammatory response and promotes the regeneration of new bone in calvarial defects of rats.
Animals ; Bone Regeneration* ; Capillaries ; Carthamus tinctorius* ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Osteogenesis ; Periodontal Diseases ; Rats* ; Regeneration

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: There are many studies focused on the effect of shape of fixtures on stress distribution in the mandibular bone. However, there are no studies focused on the effect of the abutment types on stress distribution in mandibular bone. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of three different abutment types on the stress distributions in the mandibular bone due to various loads by performing finite element analysis. Material and method : Three different implant systems produced by Warantec (Seoul, Korea) were modeled to study the effect of abutment types on the stress distribution in the mandibular bone. The three implant systems are classified into oneplant (Oneplant, OP-TH-S11.5), internal implant (Inplant, IO-S11.5) and external implant (Hexplant, EH-S11.5). All abutments were made of titanium grade ELI, and all fixtures were made of titanium grade IV. The mandibular bone used in this study is constituted of compact and spongeous bone assumed to be homogeneous, isotropic and linearly elastic. A comparative study of stress distributions in the mandibular bone with three different types of abutment was conducted. RESULTS: It was found that the types of abutments have significant influence on the stress distribution in the mandibular bone. It was due to difference in the load transfer mechanism and the size of contact area between abutment and fixture. Also the maximum effective stress in the mandibular bone was increased with the increase of inclination angle of load. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the maximum effective stress in the bone by the internal implant was the lowest among the maximum effective stresses by other two types.
Finite Element Analysis ; Titanium

The effect of Neosporin eye drop against Pseudomonas infections of the eye was investigated experimentally in rabbits. Experimental Pseudomonas conjunctivitis was produced in 8 eyes by instillation of suspensions of the organism cultured in broth medium for 24 hours. All eyes developed severe purulent conjunctivitis. Untreated control eyes (2 eyes) showed copious discharge which persisted for one week. When treated with Neosporin drop every 2 hours beginning from 24 hours after the inoculation, discharge disappeared markedly and promptly and all ocular signs became normal by two days of treatment. Induction of Pseudomonas corneal ulcer was effectively carried out by passing through the superficial corneal stroma with a fine needle thread with 6-0 silk which had dipped into a broth culture solution previously, combined with cauterization of a lacrimal punctum. Within 24 hours, there appeared corneal ulcer with conjunctivitis. Untreated two eyes showed hypopyon and extensive ulceration which finally perforated and became atrophic after one week. Instillation of Neosporin every two hours was done 24 hours after the inoculation resulted in moderate improvement of corneal ulcer which was apparent after couple days of treatment. At the end of 20 days of treatment, 4 eyes of 6 showed good response (localized corneal opacity), 1 eye was bad (extensive corneal scarring) and 1 eye was lost due to atrophy of eyeball. Colistin, also effective against Pseudomonas infection, was also instilled in 4 rabbit's eyes with Pseudomonas corneal ulcer in a concentration of 100,000 units/ml every 2 hours. The results seemed to be inferior to that obtained by Neosporin. The final outcome after 20 days of treatment was, good in one eye, bad in 2 eyes and lost in 1 eye. Neosporin was tried in clinical patients with various ocular infectious diseases. Shortening of treatment period and milder course were noted in bacterial infections, namely, 8 cases of acute catarrhal conjunctivitis due to Pneumococcus and Koch-Weeks bacillus, 4 cases of angular blepharoconjunctivitis, 5 cases of hordeolum, 2 cases of gonococcal conjunctivitis and one case of Pseudomonas corneal ulcer. No effect was noted in viral diseases......epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever.
Atrophy ; Bacillus ; Bacterial Infections ; Cautery ; Colistin ; Common Cold ; Communicable Diseases ; Conjunctivitis ; Conjunctivitis, Bacterial ; Corneal Stroma ; Corneal Ulcer ; Fever ; Hordeolum ; Humans ; Keratoconjunctivitis ; Needles ; Pseudomonas Infections* ; Pseudomonas* ; Rabbits ; Silk ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Suspensions ; Ulcer