Two cases of old unreduced dislocation of shoulder are reported. One was the posterior dislocation for six months with malunited fracture of humeral shaft in thirty degree lateral angulation. Her shoulder and arm aches with limitation of motion remaining only ten degrees in every direction but abduction in thirty degrees, The malunion of humeral shaft and shoulder were reduced surgically in result of eighty degrees abduction, seventy degrees flexion, sixty degrees extension and twenty degrees of external rotation with free of pain. Another case was an anterior dislocation for one year. Her range of shoulder motions are almost normal degree but brachial plaxus compression symptoms. Open reduction in practically Putti-Platt procedure was performed. She became completely free of brachial plexus symptom and ranges of shoulder motion are normal except about fifteen degrees less external rotation than preoperative condition. The surgical indication and the result of treatment were discussed for the the neglected cases of old unreduced dislocation of the shoulder.
Arm ; Brachial Plexus ; Dislocations ; Fractures, Malunited ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Laryngeal Muscles*

No abstract available.
Electric Stimulation* ; Vocal Cords*

No abstract available.
Allografts*

Thyroarytenoid(TA), lateral cricoarytenoid(LCA), and IA muscles are referred to as the adductors of the vocal fold. The TA is known to shorten the vocal folds and to adduct the membranous vocal fold, and the LCA adducts the inter-vocal process region and IA adducts the posterior commissure. Even though IA has an important role for the positioning of the vocal folds during respiration and phonation together with the action of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle, little is known about the effect of IA on voice parameters during phonation. An in vivo canine model was used in five mongrel dogs to examine the role of the IA muscle in controlling phonation. In two out of five dogs, sound could not be elicited without stimulating the IA branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. When the IA was dynamically and statistically stimulated, subglottic pressure, vocal intensity and fundamental frequency were increased. However, open quotient was not changed markedly. These results suggest that the IA affects the voice parameters mainly by controlling subglottic pressure during phonation.
Animal ; Dogs ; Electric Stimulation ; Laryngeal Muscles/*physiology ; Laryngoscopy ; Models, Biological ; Phonation/*physiology ; Videotape Recording

No abstract available.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of adult periodontitis, the major cause of tooth loss in adults. Use of an antibacterial agent controlling P. gingivalis as a periodontal therapeutic agent has been rationalized. The present study was performed to observe the antibacterial effect of inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) on P. gingivalis. P. gingivalis 2561 was grown in half-strength brain-heart infusion broth containing hemin and vitamin K with or without polyP. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of polyP with various chain lengths was determined by measuring the absorbance of the grown cells at 540 nm. MIC of polyP for the bacterium was determined to be 0.05%. The effect of polyP with a chain length of 75 (polyP 75) was further examined. PolyP 75 added to the growing culture of P. gingivalis at its exponential phase was as effective in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis as polyP 75 added at the very beginning of the culture. More than 99% of the cells lost their viability determined by viable cell count when polyP 75 was added to the culture of growing P. gingivalis at the concentration of 0.06%, suggesting that polyP 75 has a bactericidal effect on the bacterium. Intracellular nucleotide release from the cells was increased by approx. 20% in the presence of polyP 75 but was not reversed by the addition of divalent cations like Ca++ and Mg++. Under the transmission electron microscope, only a small number of the growing P. gingivalis cells were actually lysed. However, the majority of the cells appeared to be atypical in their shape, demonstrating accumulation of highly electron-dense granules and bodies of condensed nucleic acid-like material in the cytoplasm. In the presence of polyP 75, the protein profile of P. gingivalis was changed as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblot, and the proteolytic activity of the bacterium demostrated on the zymograms was decreased. The overall results suggest that polyP have a strong bactericidal activity against P. gingivalis in which lysis in relation to chelation may not play the major role but unknown mechanism that possibly affects the viability of the bacterium may be involved. PolyP may be used as an agent for prevention and treatment of periodontitis.
Adult ; Cations, Divalent ; Cell Count ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Cytoplasm ; Electrophoresis ; Hemin ; Humans ; Periodontitis ; Polyphosphates* ; Polyps ; Porphyromonas gingivalis* ; Porphyromonas* ; Tooth Loss ; Vitamin K

No abstract available.

A Clinical observation was made on five patients with ruptured aortic sinus of Valsalva who visited Seoul National university hospital during the period of May, 1975~Jan., 1980. 1. Age distribution was from 19 to 32 years and four patients were male and the rest one case was female. 2. Chief complaints on admission were dyspnea in 3 cases and chest pain in 2 cases. Onset of symptoms was abrupt in 4 cases. 3. Continuous murmur was heard at third and fourth intercostal space along left sternal border with thrill in all cases. 4. Cardiac catheterization and aortography showed regurgitant flow from aorta to right ventricle in all cases. 5. Operation was done successfully in 3 cases, of which aortic insufficiency was persistent in one case.
Age Distribution ; Aorta ; Aortography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Chest Pain ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Seoul ; Sinus of Valsalva*

Pentoxifylline (Trental(R)) is a drug which blocks pathophysiologic process of cerebrovascular disease by inhibiting platelet aggregation, improving cerebral microcirculation preventing development of cerebral edema. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline for the treatment of 25 patients (male 17 cases, female 8 cases) with cerebrovasculaar disease, we administered pentoxifylline 600mg daily in devided dosage for 1 to 7 months. Most of them were patients with cerebral thrombosis (52%), cerebral embolism (24%), cerebral hemorrhage (12%) and transient ischemic attack (12%). Clinical effects were evaluated at least 1 month later by the criteria using scoring method of serverity of symptoms. In summary, definite effect was found in 15 cases (60%), mild effect in 6 cases (24%) and no efect or aggravation in 4 cases (16%), especially in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. During treatment there was no significant side effect except mild elevation of serum creatinine in one case who was associated with chronic renal failure.
Brain Edema ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Microcirculation ; Pentoxifylline* ; Platelet Aggregation ; Research Design