The multifactorial etiology of BCC(basal cell carcinoma) are incompletely understood, including factors leading to multiple lesions in some patients. Cases of multiple BCCs reported in the literature have been associated with UV irradiation, inorganic arsenic poisoning, X-ray therapy, hematologic malignancy and several genodermatoses such as nevoid BCC syndrome, albinism, xeroderma pigmentosum. Multiple BCCs presented on the sun-protected areas, lacking predisposing risk factors which have been known, is rare skin condition. However, it suggests that there may be an unknown genetic susceptibility to the development of multiple BCCs. We report a rare case of multiple BCCs, which had developed only on the sun-protected areas in 64-year-old man, without any known predisposing causes.
Albinism ; Arsenic Poisoning ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Skin ; X-Ray Therapy ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum

In children, snapping knee syndrome and joint pain with the loss of physiological hyperextension strongly suggests a diagnosis of a torn discoid meniscus. We performed arthroscopic meniscectomy to treat torn discoid lateral meniscus on 19 knees and open meniscectomy on 9 knees of 26 children(average age: 10.9 yrs) from September, 1983 to October, 1993 at Guro hospital. According to Ikeuchi's grading system', excellent results were obtained in 14, good in 11, fair in 2 knees and poor in 1 knee which was associated with osteochondritis dissecans. The knees treated by partial meniscectomy showed less Fairbank's radiologic changes than those by total meniscectomy during the average follow-up 4.2 years(minimum 1 year, maximum 7 year 11 months).
Arthralgia ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Menisci, Tibial ; Osteochondritis Dissecans

This study was aimed at evaluating the nutritional status of Korean lactating women, who were attending peripheral community clinics in low-income areas, by anthropometric measurement, estimating dietary intakes and analyzing the contents of breast milk components, serum lipid content and fatty acid composition. Regarding anghropometric measurements, maternal circumferences decreased significantly at the trunk but not at the limbs. The skinfold thickness on all regions had the tendency to decrease during lactation. It was found that intakes of energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrates were desirable while calcium, zinc, copper and vitamin A were low and sodium was excessive. The energy % of fat was 22.41% of the total energy which is higher than the RDA for adults but it is proper for lactating women, but energy % from each fatty acid was usually low and an intake ratio of omega6/omega3 fatty acids was desirable. Accordingly, it is thought that dietary fat intake was balanced in quality. Concentrations of the nutrients in matured human milk showed the same range as that reported form different regions with the exception of calcium and magnesium which were relatively low. Serum lipid contents were decreased with the time postpartum and the average serum lipid content of lactating women were similar to the normal range of adults. Serum polyunsaturated fatty acids. especially omega6 fatty acids have gradually increased with the time postpartum, but the composition were not greatly influenced by dietary intakes.
Adult ; Breast* ; Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Copper ; Dietary Fats ; Extremities ; Fatty Acids ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Magnesium ; Milk, Human* ; Nutritional Status ; Postpartum Period ; Reference Values ; Skinfold Thickness ; Sodium ; Vitamin A ; Zinc

To assess the clinico-pathological characteristics of patients with multiple primary colorectal cancer, 458 patients who underwent curative surgery and being followed-up at our institution between Jan. 1987 and Dec. 1993 were evaluated in this study. The median follow-up period was 42 months. Synchronous cancer was defined as distinct lesions separated by a distance of greater than 4cm with the invasion of the tumor below the muscularis mucosa at the time of diagnosis or within 6 months after initial treatment, and metachronous cancer was defined as the development of colon cancers more than 6 months after the initial treatment without evidence of the recurrence or metastases from primary tumor. There were 29 cases of multiple primary colorectal cancer(6.3%). Eighteen cases(3.9%) of them were synchronous, 11 cases(2.4%) were metachronous cancers. Seven cases(1.5%) were related to 5 hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) families. During the follow-up period, 11 patients(2.4%) developed cancers in other organs. Adenomatous polyps were identified 14 cases of 29 patients with multiple primary colorectal cancers(48.3%), compared to 43 cases(10%) in 429 patients with solitary colorectal cancer(p<0.01). After initial curative surgery, there were 8 recurrences in 29 patients with multiple primary colorectal cancers(23.6%), compared to 100 recurrences in 429 patients with solitary primary colorectal cancer(23.3%)(p>0.05). In aspect of family history, there was close-relationship with this regarding in the group of multiple primary colorectal cancers. However, authors were unable to make analysis this regarding in the group of solitary primaries because of lack of the information. Conclusively, authors guess the frequent association of the adenomatous polyps in multiple primary colorectal cancers as the evidence of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In addition, authors emphasized the importance of the total colonoscopic examinations in pre-and post-operation in order to make diagnosis of the multiple primary colorectal cancers and paying attention as to the family history of colorectal cancer patients because we have good therapeutic results after operation of early stage in synchronous cancers and co-existent adenomatous polyps.
Adenomatous Polyps ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and growth of Korean infants, who were atending peripheral community clinics in low income areas, by anthropometric measurements and estimating dietary intakes. Dietary intakes and growth were compared among different feeding patterns of 143 infants until age 9 months. The overall mean nutrient intakes of infants in this study were below the recommended allowances except the calcium intake from significant difference in each groups; however, calcium, zinc and iron intake of the formula fed infant(FF) was higher than the breast fed infant(BF) or the mixed fed infant(MF). Form ages 4-6 months, the nutrient intakes were shown to be higher in groups that were given supplementary foods than groups that were not. From ages 7-9 months, all nutrient intakes were higher in or the formula and supplementary foods fed(ESF) infants than in the breast and supplementary food(BSF) or the formula and supplementary food(FSF) groups, All subjets in this study showed a large Z-score. The growth of infants up to 6 months of age showed no significant difference in the feeding pattern, however, after 7 months of age the BSF group had significantly lower weight than the FSF or the ESF groups, There were significant positive relationships between infants weight gain at age 7-9 months from birth and the current protein or zinc intakes. As a result the average status of nutrient intakes of infants in this area was loser than the RDA, however, the growth pattern was fairly good. Although the breast milk is beneficial for infants, mothers should be educated for the importance of supplemental food and its practice to support good nutrition.
Breast ; Calcium ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status ; Parturition ; Weight Gain ; Zinc

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Atherosclerosis* ; Cholesterol* ; Humans ; Korea*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agent for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: The authors performed a retrospective chart review of 13 eyes of 13 patients who developed RPE tears after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection between February 2009 and June 2013. We investigated continuation of the treatment after tear, visual acuity, presence of cystoid macular edema, and central macular thickness (CMT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after treatment and visual outcomes depending on foveal sparing. RESULTS: After RPE tear, 12 of 13 patients continued injection of an anti-VEGF agent. The average number of injections was 6.08 +/- 5.18. Mean visual acuity immediately after tear was 1.65 +/- 0.8 log MAR, and that at the last visit was 1.82 +/- 0.88 log MAR. Nine eyes with macular edema in OCT continued receiving injection, and improvement of macular edema was observed in four eyes at the final visit. The final visual acuity of patients with foveal involvement was 2.17 +/- 0.49 log MAR, which was worse than the 1.51 +/- 1.06 log MAR in patients without foveal involvement, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.295). CONCLUSIONS: When anti-VEGF injections were continued after RPE tear, no improvement in visual acuity was observed, although better anatomical outcomes did result. Patients with foveal involvement had worse visual acuity than patients without foveal involvement, but the difference was not significant.
Endothelial Growth Factors ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Degeneration* ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Autonomic Pathways* ; Rectal Neoplasms* ; Urodynamics*

Fetal echocardiography is used by means of decleration of fetal cardiac anaztomy, to estabilish the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in utero. We attemped fetal echocardiography to ninty three pregnant women after intra uterine period 24 weeks, and estimated cardiac circumference, cardiac axis, pulmonary atery root diameter, arortic root diameter, diameter of inferior vena cava, diameter of superior ve studied how these estimates associate with following gestational na cava, and fractional shortening of ventricles. We ages. Cardiac axis was on the average 37.28 degree and cardiac apex was located in anterior left side of chest area. Aortic root diameter was 0.227 GA-0.043mm (GA=gestational age) at systolic phase, 0.203 GA+0.421mm at diastolic phase. Pulmonaly root diameter was 0.271 GA-0.029mm at systolic phase, 0.251 GA-0.067mm at diastolic phase. Thoracic aorta diameter was 0.195 GA+0.109mm at systolic phase, 0.198 GA+0.794mm at diastolic phase. Fractional shortening was 0.24 (1 Standard Deviation=0.11) in right ventricle, 0.23(1 SD=0.154) at left ventricle, and so ratio of right and left ventricle was 1.04(1 SD=0.51). Once normal fetal cardiac anatomy is understood, structural defects and/or alternation of function can be evaluated antenatally.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Pregnant Women ; Thorax ; Vena Cava, Inferior

Few studies have conducted the bone health benefits of usual dietary isoflavone intake in Korean college-student women. To elucidate this benefitial effects and correlations between dietary isoflavone and nutrients intake and bone formation marker (ALPase, osteocalcin), questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, serum mineral (Ca, P, Mg) concentrations were analyzed. Fifty three subjects were used in this study. The average age, height, body weight, BMI, body fat content and triceps skinfold thickness were 21.43 year, 161.07 cm, 52.81 kg, 20.48 kg/m2, 20.72% and 17.59 mm respectively. Soy food intake frequencies were soybean > soybean curd > soypaste stew > soybean milk. The average calorie, protein and Ca intake were 1766.21 +/- 62.54 kcal, 66.45 +/- 2.00 g and 549.62 +/- 27.55 mg respectively. Serum ALPase activity and osteocalcin concentration were 115.74 +/- 3.6 u/L and 7.15 ng/ml respectively. Usual dietary isoflavone intake was positively related to calory, protein, Ca, P intake and serum Ca, Mg concentration. Serum osteocalcin concentration was negatively correlated with isoflavone intake (r2=0.28, p < 0.05). In these results, usual dietary isoflavone can support an additive effect to bone health and Ca nutrition.
Adipose Tissue ; Body Height ; Calcium ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance Benefits ; Milk ; Osteocalcin* ; Osteogenesis ; Skinfold Thickness ; Soy Foods ; Soybeans