No abstract available.

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND:Cyclin D1 and P16 promote cellular proliferation and inhibit cellular division by regulating the activity of CDK4. There existes to some extent amplification or overexpression of cyclin D1 gene together with P16 gene the inactivation of P16 gene in the many tumors.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the relationship of the amplification of cyclin D1 and the deletion of P16 and lung cancer.DESIGN: Controlled trial of case samples.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, the 81 Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Tissue samples of 40 cases of lung cancer were obtained from surgical specimens of tumor tissues and normal lung tissues at the 81 hospital of Chinese PLA between June 1998 and June 1999. Informed consent was obtained from the patients.METHODS: Method of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was adopted. Cyclin D1 gene and P16 gene were amplified in the same tube,using extracted genome DNA as template. 10 μL PCR products were separated on a 15 g/L agarose gel.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Amplificative result of cyclin D1and P16 in the pathological tissue of the patients with lung cancer. ② Relationship of cyclin D1 and P16 and the biological character of lung cancer.RESULTS: ① The amplified positive rates of cyclin D1 gene and P16gene in lung cancer were 55.0%(22/40) and 65%(26/40) respectively.②Relationship of cyclin D1 and P16 and biological characters of lung cancer :The amplified positive rate of both of them is closely related to the metastasis of lymph node and the staging of clinical pathology. With the incidence and development of metastasis, amplification positive rate of cyclin D1 was increased while the positive rate of P16 decreased.CONCLUSION: The high amplification of Cyclin D1 and the high deletion of P16 gene is closely related to the high activity of proliferation of lung cancer. To detect the changes of these two genes would help us to judge the metastasis, malignant extent and patients' prognosis.

Surgical resection is the only potentially curative therapeutic method for patients with gastric cancer. However, con-ventional laparotomy is sometimes associated with considerable complications and mortality rate. This procedure also affects patient quality of life after surgery. Minimally invasive techniques can potentially provide an attractive alternative to current surgical proce-dures in terms of reducing surgical injury and accelerating postoperative recovery. Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer has re-cently been reasonably applied to two distinct forms of intervention:endoscopic resection of the tumor and laparoscopic surgery. In the near future, sentinel node navigation and robot surgery will provide more options for treating gastric cancer. Such developments will im-prove the quality of life of patients following surgery for gastric cancer. Various well-designed clinical trials of the minimally invasive techniques are available. Thus, the mode of surgery for gastric carcinoma will be widely accepted and rapidly developed worldwide.

Two-dimensional electrophoresis performed on a microfluidic chip could reduce the consumption of sample and reagents, realizing high-throughput analysis in a very short time. During the isoelectric focusing ( IEF) separation, the buffer for the two different separation methods should be kept from being mixed. After the IEF, the protein was transferred from the IEF channel into the second dimension channels. Based on the pseudo valve structure, this paper reported a method to deposit a titanium dioxide membrane at the interface of two dimensional channels, which enhanced the performance of the pseudo valve. The IEF electrophoresis and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( SDS-PAGE ) procedures were characterized respectively. The total separation took 10-15 min, and the protein's migration rate was linear with the migration time, and inversely proportional to the logarithm of protein molecular weight. Based on the above results, the differential two-dimensional electrophoresis was performed to test the deviation between different measurements.

Objective To explore framework and measure of vocational psychological quality for postgraduate students majoring in med-ical sciences in China. Methods The framework of vocational psychological quality had been developed based on the grounded theory. A structured and standardized questionnaire had been developed via field test for 95 postgraduates and interviews with 24 experts. A total of 1142 postgraduates had been measured with the final questionnaire. Results The standardized questionnaire had been developed including 3 subscales from factor analysis, such as vocational cognition, vocational personality and vocational adaptation, with 13 factors and 62 items in total. The Cronbach'sαcoefficient was 0.902 for the whole questionnaire, and the split-half reliability was 0.747. The correlation coeffi-cients between subscales and whole questionnaire was 0.401 to 0.929. Conclusion Vocational cognition, vocational personality and vocation-al adaptation are the main constituents of the vocational psychological quality for postgraduates majoring in medical sciences. The question-naire is acceptable in content and structure validity and internal consistency reliability.

Some problems have influence on the quality of Clinical practice teaching of foreign students,including language communication barriers,teacher shortage and so on.To solve these problems,we worked hard on the rationale use of teachers,improvement of the teacher’s English level,giving lecture and collecting opinions to improve the quality of teaching.

Objective To study the effect of early application of heparinate in fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in children.Methods Twenty eight patients of fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis were reviewed and summarized.Results After application heparinate, there were 14 out of 28 platelet increase,12 patients died of diffuse intravascular coagulation.Conclusion Early application heparination is safe and effective in fulminant epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,and side effect such as hemorrhage is not found.

Background Free-flap Epi-LASIK surgery show a fast epithelial healing and mild trauma responses.Its mechanism is notable. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the corneal epithelial healing response following photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)and flap-free Epi-LASIK surgery. Methods Twelve experimental rabbits were randomly assigned to high cutting group(-10.00 D)and low cutting group(-3.00 D),and 2 normal matched rabbits were used as controls.PRK was performed in lateral eyes and flap-free epipolis laser in situkeratomileusis(Epi-LASIK)surgery was curried out in the fellow eyes.The corneal wound healing response in early stage of post-operation was examined under the slim lamp,and the inflammatory cells infiltration in cornea,basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and nuclear transcription factor(NF-KB)expressions in corneal stroma were detected by hematine-eosin staining and immunohistochemstry in the seventh day after operation. Results The inflammatory reaction was milder in the eyes with Epi-LASIK than ones of PRK under the slim lamp.No significant difierences were found in numbers of inflammatory cells in cornea.expressions of bFGF and NF-κB in corneal stroma between two types of surgeries in low cutting group(P＞0.05).In high cutting group,the numbers of inflammatory cells were(12.25±1.22)/400 field in PRK eyes,and those of free-flap Epi-LASIK eyes were(6.67±0.31)/400 field,showing obvious difference between them(t=-8.87,P＜0.01).Expressions of NF-κB(A value)in cornea were 6.11±1.36 and 41.82±8.7 1 in PRK eyes of low cutting group and high cutting group.and those in free-flap Epi-LASIK were 3.01±0.81 and 11.59±4.55.indicating a drastically increase in PRK eyes(P＜0.05).The expressions of bFGF(A value)in corneal stroma were 33.59±6.98 and 123.68±18.81 in PRK eyes and those in free-flap Epi-LASIK eyes were 69.20±8.85 and 123.68±1 8.81 in low cutting group and high cutting group,presenting a considerably decrease in PRK eyes (P＜0.05).The corneal epithelial healing was faster in free-flap Epi-LASIK eyes than that in PRK eyes.and deeper cutting slowed the healing procedure. Conclusion In low cutting group,healing time of corneal epithelium is close between PRK and flap-free Epi-LASIK.But in high cutting group,epithelial healing is faster and inflammatory reaction is lighter in flap-free Epi-LASIK compared with PRK.

Objective　To analyse the state of the administration of clinical med icine in some children's hospital. Methods　Prevalence study was use d. Results　The administration of antibiotic and vitamin were domina nt among inpatients, and their utilization rates were 84.26%, 79.08% respec tively. 1 643 among 1950 of cases used antibiotic agents, the utilization rates of penicil ins, cephalosporins and antiviral medicine were 53.38%, 31.21% and 30.74% respec tiv ely. The administration of combined antibiotic added up to 71.88%. Conclusions　The phenomenon of irrational administration of medicine wa s existing in the children's hospital. So it should be perfected on the rules an d regulations for the administration of medicine, and the management of medicine should be strengthened.