Penile and testicular tumors, especially those of the malignant nature, usually require radical excision, which alters the organ image, affects sexual and urinary functions, and consequently undermines the self-confidence and quality of life of the patient. Recent studies show that organ-sparing surgery can be an alternative to radical excision for superficial tumors and small masses. Penis-sparing surgery (PSS) has been indicated for superficial penile cancer, such as Tis and T1a lesions, and testis-sparing surgery (TSS) is feasible for benign small bilateral or solitary testicular masses (TIN). Long-term follow-ups after PSS or TSS show that the patients may retain a satisfactory appearance of the organ as well as desirable sexual and reproductive functions.
Andrology ; methods ; Humans ; Libido ; Male ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; methods ; Patient Satisfaction ; Penile Neoplasms ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Self Concept ; Testicular Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To investigate the combined effects of fluoride (NaF) and arsenate (NaAsO2) exposure on proliferation,differentiation and bata-catenin expression in SD rat osteoblasts.Methods Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarias of twelve SD rats born in 1-3 days and cultured.The method was divided into 9 groups [F0.0As0.0 (control group),F0.5As0.0,F4.0As0.0,F0.0As0.1,F0.0As10.0,F0.5As0.1,F0.5As10.0,F4.0As0.1,F4.0As10.0] by factorial experiment design (3 factors and 2 levels).Osteoblasts were exposed to NaF (F-:0.0,0.5,4.0 mmol/L,F0.0,F0.5,F4.0),NaAsO2 (As3+:0.0,0.1,10.0 μmol/L,As0.0,As0.1,Asi10.0) and cultured for 72 hours.The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was determined by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl (MTT) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The expression of beta-catenin was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting after 72 hours of experiment.Results ①There was significant difference in cell proliferation and the activity of ALP among groups after 72 hours (F =14.022,14.425,all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,the proliferation and the activity of ALP were significantly induced in F0.5 treated osteoblasts groups (0.313 ±0.023 vs0.455 ± 0.152,4.46 ± 0.72 vs 6.09 ± 0.68,all P ＜ 0.05),and the proliferation was significantly suppressed in F4.0As0.0 group (0.029 ± 0.014,P ＜ 0.05),the activity of ALP was significantly induced in F0.0As10.0 group (0.156 ± 0.010,6.29 ± 0.67) and the proliferation was significantly suppressed in F0.0As0.1 group (0.370 ± 0.029,3.68 ± 0.45,all P ＜ 0.05).②There was statistical difference in beta-catenin mRNA and protein expressions among groups with F-(F =7.782,559.455,all P ＜ 0.05) at As0.0 condition.There was significant difference in the expression of betacatenin mRNA and beta-catenin protein in F0.5As0.0 group compared with control group (1.00 ± 0.32 vs 1.99 ± 0.14,3.56 ± 0.15 vs 5.11 ± 0.26,all P ＜ 0.05),the beta-catenin protein was significantly suppressed in F4.0As0.0 group (1.10 ± 0.02,P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference in the expression of beta-catenin protein of all groups with As3+ (F =154.736,P ＜ 0.05) at F0.0 condition.③Factorial analysis showed that fluoride or arsenic alone could affect the proliferation and the expression level of beta-catenin mRNA and protein (F =82.081,11.991,514.741;19.302,8.753,523.698,all P ＜ 0.05),the effect of arsenic on ALP activity of osteoblasts was also the main effect (F =17.444,P ＜ 0.05);and there was an interaction between fluoride or arsenic to cell proliferation and the activity of ALP and the expression of beta-catenin mRNA and protein (F =13.085,18.157,4.936,426.036,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions A biphasic pattern of fluoride or arsenic on proliferation and differentiation has been induced in SD rat osteoblasts.Fluoride or arsenic can affect bone metabolic by beta-catenin.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of lead acetate on transient receptor potential A1(TRPA1)channel. METHODS TRPA1-mediated calcium influx in mice dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons and HEK293 cells expressing nouse TRP1 (mTRPA1) and human TRPA1 (hTRPA1) was recorded by intracellular calcium imaging. TRPA1-mediated currents were detected by two-electrode voltage clamp. RESULTS Lead acetate 3.0 and 10.0μmol·L-1 inhibited external calcium influx in DRG neurons by(36.7 ± 4.1)% and(79.4 ± 3.1)%(n=5),respectively. The inhibitory effect of lead acetate on hTRPA1-mediated current was concentration-dependent. Lead acetate 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10.0 and 30.0μmol · L-1 inhibited the amplitudes of currents by(1.0 ± 0.7)%,(11.6 ± 0.8)%,(57.7 ± 3.2)%,(93.6 ± 2.6)%and(91.2±2.0)%(n≥4),respectively,with the IC50 2.4μmol·L-1. CONCLUSION TRPA1 channel may be an endogenous target of lead. Lead acetate inhibits TRPA1 channel at a very low concentration.

Adolescent ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Child ; China ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Glucocorticoids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Lupus Nephritis ; etiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Osteoporosis ; etiology ; pathology ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; standards ; Severity of Illness Index ; Societies, Medical

Ambroxol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Bronchitis, Chronic ; etiology ; therapy ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Since the implementation of the Trial Measures of Degrees in Clinical Medicine in 1998,the application for clinical M.D.degree for in-service doctors has been considered as way of continued education for medical practitioners.To guarantee the quality of this education mode,Peking University Health Science Center adopted measures and achieved outcomes that are parallel to that of full-time M.D.programs.-service doctors at,This paper introduces the experience of PUHSC and proposes measures for MD program of in-service doctors in terms of quality control,informatization,etc..

Child ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

The expression of C-myc, K-ras and H-ras oncoproteins in lymphocytesand monocytes, and NK subsets were studied in 21 patients with Behcet's syndrome (BS)and 40 healthy individuals. CD16~+,57~- cells of NK from BS patients were much decreasedwhen compared to the control. The positive percentages of three kinds of oncoprotein in BS lymphocytes and C-myc and K-ras oncoproteins in BS monocytes were significantly higher thanthat of the control. Positive correlations were found not only between C-myc expression oflymphocytes and serum ?-globulin%, IgM and IgG levels in BS, but also between C-mycexpression of monocytes and ESR. Expression of K-and H-ras oncoproteins in lympho-cytes and monocytes from BS patients were found to be negatively correlated with serumIgA level. Negative correlation was also found between C-myc expression in monocytesand CD16~+,57~- subset of NK. The significance of these results and the possible correlationsbetween BS and autoimmunity were discussed. It was suggeted that autoimmunity mightbe an important mechanism underlying BS.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Polysaccharides ; therapeutic use