Objective To investigate the inhibition effect of Minocycline on hippocampal microglia in epileptic rats. Methods Forty male SD rats were equally randomized into normal saline control group (NS), penicillin inducement group, Minocycline post-treatment group and Minocycline pre-treatment group (n=10). Rat epilepsy models in the later 3 groups were induced by intraperitoneal injection of penicillin G at a dosage of 740 million to 7.6 million units/kg. The level of hippocampal microglia in rats of the 4 groups on the 1st and 3rd d of inducement was detected by immunofluorescence and the tumor growth factor-α (TNF-α) protein level was detected by Western blotting on the 1st and 3rd d of inducement. Results Seizure could activate microglia. As compared with those in rats of the penicillin inducement group, the activation and hyperplasia of microglia in the hippoeampus in rats of the minoeyeline post- and pre-treatment groups were obviously inhibited on the 1st and 3rd d of inducement (P≤0.05), and the effects were much obvious in the pretreatment group. The level of TNF-α protein in the penicillin inducement group, minoeycline post- and pre-treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the NS group on the 1st and 3rd d of inducement (P≤0.05); as compared with that in the penicillin inducement group, the level of TNF-α protein in the minocycline post- and pre-treatment groups decreased significantly on the 1st and 3rd of inducement (P≤0.05), especially that in the pretreatment group. Conclusion Minocycline can effectively inhibit the activation and hyperplasia of hippocampal microglia and the releasing of inflammatory factor TNF-αt in epileptic rats.

Background and purpose:Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2) is an important rate-limiting enzyme that is responsible for transformation of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins(PGs).Although Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection-induced gastric over-expression of COX-2 (COX-2) is an important factor of gastric cancer,the mechanism of COX-2 expression in gastric mucosa cells infected with Hp is still not clear.Our study was to reveal the effect of Hp on expression of COX-2(cyclooxygenase-2),the impact of p38MAPK signaling pathway in human gastric epithelial cancer cells line MKN45,and to investigate the potential mechanisms of expression of COX-2. Methods:The expression of COX-2 mRNA infection by standard Hp NCTC11637 in human gastric epithelial cancer cells line MKN45 was evaluated by real-time fluorogenic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RFQ-PCR).The effect of infection by Hp on COX-2 expression,activation of p38MAPK and its downstream of the ATF-2 was assayed by Western blot.Results:The expression of COX-2 mRNA in MKN45 cells infected by Hp compared with control group,COX-2 mRNA had 3 fold,7.2 fold,5.1 fold,4.3 fold up-regulation after 3 hrs,6 hrs,9 hrs,12 hrs,respectively. COX-2 mRNA expression in each time group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P

Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Protein Precursors ; blood ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; blood ; drug therapy

INTRODUCTION: Associations of variations in PLA2R1 and HLA-DQA1 genes with susceptibility to idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) have been well documented. Association with spontaneous remission, however, is poorly defined in the Chinese Han population. METHODS: A Chinese cohort of 117 IMN patients and 138 healthy controls were recruited between July 2009 and November 2019. Case-control studies for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within HLA-DQA1 (rs2187668) and PLA2R1 (rs35771982, rs4664308, rs3749117, rs3749119) genes were performed. The contributions of these polymorphisms to predict susceptibility, titre of autoantibodies against the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R1), glomerular PLA2R1 expression, and spontaneous remission were analysed. RESULTS: We found that variations in PLA2R1 (SNPs rs35771982, rs4664308, rs3749117) were strongly associated with IMN susceptibility, while SNP (rs2187668) within HLA-DQA1 did not increase the risk of IMN. All SNPs in PLA2R1 and HLA-DQA1 were not statistically associated with anti-PLA2R1 titre, glomerular PLA2R1 expression and spontaneous remission after Bonferroni correction ( CONCLUSION This study confirms that variations in PLA2R1 (SNPs rs35771982, rs4664308, rs3749117) are risk factors for IMN. We found excellent association of serum albumin level, anti-PLA2R1 titre and glomerular PLA2R1 positivity with non-spontaneous remission in IMN.

BACKGROUNDAberrant DNA methylation plays a key role in human carcinogenesis. 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine inhibits DNA methylation and induces the expression of genes putatively silenced by promoter methylation in vitro. There are few studies of the biological and clinical significance of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in human hepatocellular carcinoma. This study explored the mechanism of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine targeting transcriptional repressor complexes affecting global gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.

METHODSHigh density oligonucleotide gene expression microarrays were used to examine the effects of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatments on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721. The 5' ends of the genes upregulated or downregulated in this manner were compared with BLAST database to determine whether they might have promoter CpG islands. Flow cytometry was used to detect stages of the cell cycle and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 after being treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.

RESULTSData obtained 3 days after 4 days of treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine showed that more genes were induced in tumorigenic cells including genes that function in cell proliferation, differentiation, regulation of transcription, and cytokine signalling. Approximately 30% of induced genes did not have CpG islands within their 5' regions, suggesting that some genes activated by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine may not result from the direct inhibition of promoter methylation. This phenomenon may contribute to a number of upregulated genes involving regulation of transcription in the treated cell. Results showed that 100 micromol/L 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine blocked cell cycle at S/G2-M phase increasing rate of apoptosis. Notably, we found differential expression of molecular action in the methylation although DNA methyltransferases did not show significant difference in the treated cell line.

CONCLUSION5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine could restore some silenced genes expression independently of DNA methylation inhibition and expression of DNA methyltransferases.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Azacitidine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; CpG Islands ; DNA Modification Methylases ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; Transcriptional Activation

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effect of Weicao Capsule (WCC) on gout.

METHODSTwo hundred gout patients were assigned to two groups. The treated group was treated with WCC and the control group was treated with Tongfengding Capsule. Both groups were given the respective treatments orally 3 times a day, 2 capsules each time with 2 weeks as one course and all patients received 2 successive courses of treatment. Changes of blood beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-M), hemoglobin (Hb), 24 h urinary protein (24 h UP), pH value of urine and blood uric acid (BUA) as well as kidney function were observed.

RESULTSAfter treatment, level of beta(2)-M got lowered significantly, Hb and 24 h UP, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and the clearance rate of creatinine, as well as blood lipids all improved obviously in the treated group (all P<0.01), while these parameters remained unchanged in the control group (P>0.05). The pH value of urine was improved in both groups showing an insignificant difference between them (P>0.05). BUA was decreased in both groups with a decrease to a larger extent in the treated group (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 87% in the treated group, which was superior to that in the control group (62%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONWCC has a favorable therapeutic effect on gout and its mechanism of action for improving renal function and reducing urinary protein could be related with the lowering of blood beta(2)-M, BUA and lipids.

Adult ; Aged ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gout ; blood ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kidney Function Tests ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteins ; analysis ; Treatment Outcome ; Uric Acid ; blood ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical characteristics of pediatric hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), and to improve its understanding so as to reduce the misdiagnosis.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 26 children with HFRS between January 2009 and December 2012.

RESULTSThe age of disease onset was mainly distributed between 7 and 14 years (23 cases, 88%), and the male-to-female ratio was 1.89:l. The clinical manifestations of pediatric HFRS varied. The early symptoms resembled those of a cold, and in the course of HFRS, most patients developed digestive symptoms such as vomiting and abdominal pain. The laboratory examinations usually implicated platelet changes, and the imaging examinations revealed polyserous effusions. The prominent complication was myocardial injury.

CONCLUSIONSPediatric HFRS mainly occurs in school-age children, more commonly in males. HFRS does not have typical clinical manifestations or symptoms, so it should be distinguished from cold or appendicitis at the early stage. When applying the fluid replacement therapy, the cardiac function should be carefully monitored in case of heart failure.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) intrauterine infection.

METHODSRisk factors of HBV intrauterine infection were analyzed by nested case control study.

RESULTSData from univariate analysis revealed that risk factors of HBV intrauterine infection were positive results on HLA-DR3 (OR = 4.71, 1.62-13.66), HBV DNA (OR = 6.59, 2.72-15.97) and HBeAg (OR = 4.53, 1.93-10.64) in pregnant women, HLA-DR3 (OR = 3.91, 1.18-12.94) in newborn, HLA-I) R3 (OR = 5.96, 1.14-31.15) both in pregnant women and her newborns and HBV infection in placentas (OR = 2.51,1.12-5.60). Results from Multivariate unconditional logistics regression analysis showed that the risk factors of HBV intrauterine infection were positive in both HLA-DR3 (OR = 4.65, 1.44-15.05) and HBV DNA (OR = 6.56, 2.65-16.23) in pregnant women. However, there was no interaction between the two factors. The exposure rate of other factors did not reveal the difference in the two groups. With the increase of HBV DNA in pregnant women, the risk of HBV intrauterine infection was rising (chi2 = 16.74, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRisk factors of HBV intrauterine infection were HLA-DR3 positive and HBV DNA positive in pregnant women but there was no interaction between the two factors. The risk of HBV intrauterine infection was increased along with the increase of HBV DNA in pregnant women.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; HLA-DR3 Antigen ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology ; Risk Factors

In order to investigate the relation of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) level to age, sex, disease stages and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, the levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM in 83 CLL patients were detected by immune rate turbidimetry. the expressions of CD38 and ZAP-70 in CLL cells were determined by multi-parameter flow cytometry (FCM). The results showed that among the 83 CLL patients, the IgG, IgA and IgM levels were reduced in 12 (14.5%), 26 (31.3%) and 34 cases (41.0%) respectively. The incidence of Ig reduction was higher in Binet C stage than that in Binet A and B (p=0.011). There was higher incidence of Ig reduction in high-risk group of Rai stage than that in low-risk group (p=0.011). The positive rate of CD38 or ZAP-70 was significantly higher in Ig reduction group than that in normal Ig level group (p=0.033 and p=0.038 respectively). The positive rate of CD38 and ZAP-70 was also higer in advanced disease, and among them the positive rate of ZAP-70 expression in Binet C stage was obviously higer than Binet A and B (p=0.047). Nonetheless, there was no significant relationship of Ig level with gender and age (p>0.05). It is concluded that the function of humoral immunity in CLL patient is closely related to the disease stages. The serum Ig detection seems important for evaluating immunologic state and prognosis of CLL patients.
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; metabolism ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; blood ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase ; metabolism

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of high risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCA) and various combinations of cytogenetic abnormality in patients with newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) . Methods: This retrospective study collected 182 NDMM patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University between Nov. 2009 and May 2018. HRCA included 1q+, del (17p) , t (4;14) , and t (14;16) detected by FISH, and non-HRCA included del (13q) , t (11;14) detected by FISH. The clinical characteristics among three groups, including cases who carrying a single HRCA, 1 HRCA in combination with non-HRCA and cases carrying two or more HRCAs (double/triple-hit) were observed. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for the three groups. Results: The survivals of patients with 1 HRCA in combination with non-HRCA were similar to those with two or more HRCAs (double/triple-hit) , the median PFS (mPFS) was 19.1 m vs 12.1 m (P=0.248) and median OS (mOS) was 29.6 m vs 29.3 m (P=0.774) . Furthermore, the prognosis of these two groups were both inferior to patients with a single HRCA, respectively. (mPFS: 32.2 m, P=0.040, P=0.001; mOS: 42.3 m, P=0.021, P=0.041) . Strikingly, both the mPFS and the mOS of patients with 1 HRCA in combination with non-HRCA (regardless of high risk or not) were significantly shorter than that of cases with a single HRCA (mPFS: 15.1 m vs 32.2 m, HR=2.126, 95%CI 1.176-3.843, P=0.005; mOS: 29.3 m vs 42.3 m, HR=1.442, 95%CI 0.705-2.950, P=0.011) . Conclusion: It is of prognostic significance value for detecting double/triple-hit based on FISH cytogenetics in NDMM.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Disorders ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies