We attempted to investigate the effects of curricular change on a basic medical science, anatomy, based on academic achievements including Basic Medical Education Examination (BMEE). We performed an analysis between the academic years of 2011 and 2012. Independent-samples t-test for the academic achievements, paired-samples t-test for the promotion, and correlation analysis for the related subcategory of the anatomy based on the results of BMEE, which was done with SPSS 22.0. In this follow-up study for two academic years, the academic achievements decreased as the students went to the next grade under the changed curriculum of anatomy. The academic achievements decreased as the students went to the next grade in the academic year 2012 while it increased in 2011 (p<0.01). Although averages of school evaluations were similar between the academic years, the academic achievements were different from each other: it was higher in first BMEE for 2012, and in second BMEE for 2011 (p<0.05). Although the correlation was not found among school evaluations, first and second BMEE of 2011, the associations were seen both between school evaluations (p<0.01) and each BMEE (p<0.05), respectively, in 2012. These results suggested that professors of medical school should continue to lead the direction of the curriculum improvement and management depending on the academic achievement, and also to monitor all the processes, maintaining a quality of the assessment system although it might be difficult to be representative or generalize for all medial schools.
Curriculum ; Education, Medical* ; Educational Measurement ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Schools, Medical

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

An aneurysm in the intracavernous portion was treated with EIAB and gradual ligation of ICA. Carotid ligation historically has been successful in controlling the mass effects from an aneurysm and in minimizing the risk of an acute, recurrent SAH. However, ICA ligation alone carries a higher risk, esp, ischemic complication. In an attempt to minimize these ischemic complications, EIAB procedure was added to the ICA ligation for the treatment of inoperable or inaccessible aneurysm.
Aneurysm* ; Ligation*

While endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used to treat gastrointestinal tumors, it is rarely used for subepithelial tumors (SETs) originating from the muscularis propria of the esophagus and gastric cardia because of the risk of perforation and problems with inadequate space and field of view during procedures. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) is a new therapeutic method for treating SETs in specific locations in the esophagus and stomach. This technique is highly skill-dependent, using a mucosal flap that covers a deeper part of the gut wall, but is safe and minimally invasive compared with conventional endoscopic approaches such as ESD in SETs originating from the muscularis propria.We report a patient who underwent STER to remove a SET located at the gastric cardia. The patient recovered without any complications. We believe that our case shows the efficacy and safety of the STER technique for patients with a SET originating from the muscularis propria.
Cardia/pathology/surgery ; Endosonography ; Gastric Mucosa/pathology/surgery ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Leiomyoma/*diagnosis/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms/*diagnosis/surgery

As dental implant surgery and bone grafts were widely operated in Korean dentist, many bone substitutes are commercially available, currently. For commercially used in Korea, all bone substitutes are firstly evaluated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) for safety and efficacy of the product. After being priced, classified, and registration by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), the post-application management is obligatory for the manufacturer (or representative importer) to receive a certificate of Good Manufacturing Practice by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Currently, bone substitutes are broadly classified into C group (bone union and fracture fixation), T group (human tissue), L group (general and dental material) and non-insurance material group in MOHW notification No. 2018-248. Among them, bone substitutes classified as dental materials (L7) are divided as xenograft and alloplastic bone graft. The purpose of this paper is to analyze alloplastic bone substitutes of 37 products in MOHW notification No. 2018-248 and to evaluate the reference level based on the ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, EMBASE (1980–2019), Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar using the criteria of registered or trademarked product name.
Bone Substitutes ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Dental Materials ; Dentists ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Korea ; Patents as Topic ; Transplants

This correction is being published to correct the 4th author's affiliation in the article.

As dental implant surgery and bone grafts were widely operated in Korean dentist, many bone substitutes are commercially available, currently. For commercially used in Korea, all bone substitutes are firstly evaluated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) for safety and efficacy of the product. After being priced, classified, and registration by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), the post-application management is obligatory for the manufacturer (or representative importer) to receive a certificate of Good Manufacturing Practice by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Currently, bone substitutes are broadly classified into C group (bone union and fracture fixation), T group (human tissue), L group (general and dental material) and non-insurance material group in MOHW notification No. 2018-248. Among them, bone substitutes classified as dental materials (L7) are divided as xenograft and alloplastic bone graft. The purpose of this paper is to analyze alloplastic bone substitutes of 37 products in MOHW notification No. 2018-248 and to evaluate the reference level based on the ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, EMBASE (1980–2019), Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar using the criteria of registered or trademarked product name.