No abstract available.
Alopecia ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Child* ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Humans ; Tendons*

22 patients with proved urogenital malignancies was done to determine the value of bone scanning versus roentgenographic skeletal survey in assessing the degree of metastatic involvement with serum phosphatase level. Findings on bone scans were positive in 11 patients and in 6 patients of these patients results of radiologic of radiologic skeletal survey were negative. Of these 11 patients with positive scanning, 3 patients showed elevation of serum acid phosphatase and 4 other patients showed elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. And of the others with negative scanning, 1 patient showed elevation of acid phosphatase and elevation of alkaline phosphatase in 3 other patients.
Acid Phosphatase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

22 patients with proved urogenital malignancies was done to determine the value of bone scanning versus roentgenographic skeletal survey in assessing the degree of metastatic involvement with serum phosphatase level. Findings on bone scans were positive in 11 patients and in 6 patients of these patients results of radiologic of radiologic skeletal survey were negative. Of these 11 patients with positive scanning, 3 patients showed elevation of serum acid phosphatase and 4 other patients showed elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. And of the others with negative scanning, 1 patient showed elevation of acid phosphatase and elevation of alkaline phosphatase in 3 other patients.
Acid Phosphatase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

OBJECTIVE: Dopamine transporter is a key regulator of dopamine neurotransmission and is also the primary target of methylphenidate. This study tested the hypothesis that dopamine transporter (DAT) density in basal ganglia is a predictor of favorable methylphenidate (MP) treatment response. METHODS: 15 drug-naive boys with ADHD were included in this study (8 children: treatment responder, 7 children: treatment non responder). They were assessed with psychiatric interview, KEDI-WISC, K-ARS, ADS and CBCL. After then, they were performed [123 I]IPT SPECT. They were evaluated about treatment response after treatment with methylphenidate during 8 weeks. SPECT data reconstructed for the assessment of specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of the basal ganglia were compared between treatment responders and nonresponders. RESULTS: There were not significant differences in dopamine transporter density in basal ganglia between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This finding suggests that dopamine transporter density does not mediate the MP treatment response in a direct way.
Basal Ganglia* ; Child* ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins* ; Dopamine* ; Humans ; Methylphenidate* ; Synaptic Transmission ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

OBJECTIVES: The attentional deficit is a core symptom in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The major brain areas related to attention are frontal and parietal lobes. Abnormalities of frontal and parietal lobes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have been reported in previous researches. But, most of the researches are based on comparing patients and controls while they are in resting condition. Further research on funtional changes related to performance of attentional task is needed to understand the attentional dysfuntion in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In this study, the localized functional changes of the brains related to attentional task in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the differences of them between patients and normal controls were examined. Also the effect of the methylphenidate on functional changes related to attentional task in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was examined. METHOD: Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) was applied to examine the fuctional changes related to attentional task. Subjects of this study consisted of 20 patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 20 controls who were matched age, sex, handedness, intelligence. QEEG was recorded on eye open resting condition, and on performing computerized attentional task. In cases of patients, after taking of methylphenidate, QEEG was recorded on both conditions. RESULTS: 1)In attention test, normal controls had better scores in response time and variabilities of response time than those of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without taking methylphenidate. After taking medication, scores of omission, response time and variabilities of response time were significantly improved, comparing to scores without taking medication. No differences were recognized between the controls and patients with taking medication in scores of attention test. 2)In resting condition, spectral EEG revealed baseline activity levels of patients were significantly increased comparing to those of controls. 3)Analysis of delta wave revealed that amplitudes of controls were significantly elevated in parieto-occipital area during performance of attentional task. But in patients, localized activated area related to attentional task was not remarkable. 4)Theta activity of controls were significantly elevated in right frontal, right temporal, and both parieto-occipital areas during performance of attentional task. But in patients without taking medication, localized activated area related to attentional work was not remarkable. After taking medication, right frontal, right temporal, and both parieto-occipital areas were significantly activated. 5)Alpha activities of controls were significantly increased in parieto-occipital area during performance of attentional task, but those of patients without taking medication were increased in broad area. 6)Beta activities of controls were significantly increased in frontal area during attentional performance, but those of patients without taking medication were significantly increased in most of the brain areas. After taking medication, significantly increased activities related to attentional task were recognized in left frontal, and both temporal areas. Localized activated patterns similar to those of controls were recognized. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have increased baseline brain activity. In controls, brains showed localized response to a attentional stimuli, and functional changes related to attentional stimuli were recognized in frontal, and parieto-occipital areas. But, patients failed in showing appropriate localized activated response to attentional stimuli. It is concluded that frontal and parieto-occipital areas have some deficit responsible for the attentional dysfunction of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Brain ; Electroencephalography ; Frontal Lobe ; Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Methylphenidate ; Parietal Lobe ; Reaction Time

OBJECTIVES: Craving is the subjectively experienced motivational states inducing ongoing drug use in addicts. It also proceeds or precipitates relapse episode in drug addicts. Alcohol craving may be triggered by exposure to an object, environment, or emotion that a person has come to associate with alcohol consumption. Such stimuli are called alcohol-related cues. Among alcohol-related cues, alcohol-related visual stimuli are simple and reliable methods in inducing alcohol craving. The object of this study is to develop alcohol-related visual stimuli which induce alcohol craving reliably and to investigate the characteristics of alcohol-related visual stimuli in alcoholics. METHODS: First, the authors developed 27 alcohol and drinking color photos as candidate stimuli. Then, 3 photos which induce alcohol craving most were chosen as alcohol-related visual stimuli respectively by alcoholics, alcoholism high risk group and normal control group. The authors compared characteristics, situation and complexity of selected alcohol-related visual stimuli among three groups. RESULTS: 1) 'A glass of Soju', 'Drinking together' and 'A glass of beer, a bottle of beer and a sidedish' were chosen as alcohol-related visual stimuli which induce most craving in alcoholics, alcoholism high risk group and normal control group respectively. 2) Alcohol photo(stationary object) induced craving most in alcoholics in contrast with drinking photo(situation) in social drinkers. Alcoholics clung to alcohol per se, not to atmosphere or situation of drinking, and alcoholism high risk group felt craving by the expectation of drinking situation. Normal control group showed no consistent finding in choosing alcohol-related visual stimuli. CONCLUSION: With these results, the author suggests classical conditioning as psychopathological model of alcohol craving with alcoholics. In contrast with alcoholics, alcohol craving of alcoholism high risk group may be related to alcohol specific memory or positive expectancies about alcohol use. These finding may support different neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol craving between alcoholics and social drinkers.
Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics ; Alcoholism ; Atmosphere ; Beer ; Conditioning, Classical ; Cues ; Drinking ; Drug Users ; Glass ; Humans ; Memory ; Recurrence

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is a multiorgan disorder, characterized by ectopic mineralization of elastic fibers of skin, eyes, and cardiovascular system. The dermatologic manifestations include laxity of skin, as well as cutis laxa-like wrinkling especially on both axillae. The classic forms of pseudoxanthoma elasticum are due to mutations in the ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 6 (ABCC6) gene, a presumed transmembrane transporter expressed primarily in the liver and the kidneys. Recent case reports of mutations of gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) gene describe associations with vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency and pseudoxanthoma elasticum as well. A 23-year old woman presented with laxity on both axillae and trunk and a history of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency, diagnosed 2 years ago. Fragmented and markedly degenerated elastic fibers with calcium deposition were identified on biopsy specimens. Herein, we report a case of autosomal recessive pseudoxanthoma elasticum combined with vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency.
Axilla ; Biopsy ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Calcium ; Carbon-Carbon Ligases ; Cardiovascular System ; Elastic Tissue ; Eye ; Female ; Genes, vif ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum ; Skin ; Vitamins

The purpose of this study is to establish the Korean concept of the terms related to the use of alcohol and to use those terms in order to replace the terminologies which are inadequate within the Korean culture in diagnosing alcohol abuse. To achieve our intent, the Focus Group Study ethnographic research method was used in this study. The results are as follows: 1) Alcohol is generally perceived as a food rather than a substance in Korea. Alcohol-related behaviors are judged to be problematic according to the problems f311owing the drinking behavior rather than the drinking behavior itself. 2) Repetitive drinking in spite of interpersonal problems was found to be a significant diagnostic guideline of alcoholism in Korea. This finding befits the concept of diagnostic criteria of DSM-III-R and ICD-10. 3) It would be to be appropriate to add some of the typical symptoms rather than change the whole diagnostic concept of ICD or DSM to establish the medical concept of withdrawl phenomenon. 4) Alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence are two separate disease entities. Thus, education of the concepts would allow Koreans to distinguish and to use these two terms. 5) The concepts of acute intoxication, abuse, harmful use and dependence in ICD and DSM should be used after an appropriate revision.
Alcoholism* ; Drinking ; Drinking Behavior ; Education ; Focus Groups* ; International Classification of Diseases ; Korea

Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare, slow-growing malignancy that consists of basaloid cells. It characteristically follows an indolent course but has a high tendency to recur locally after excision. We experienced a recurrent primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the abdomen in a 69-year-old female. It had recurred locally three times over 13 years despite repeated excisions. Wide spreading and perineural invasion of tumor cells were identified during Mohs micrographic surgery, and it seemed to be related to the repeated recurrences. Herein, we report this rare case with clinical and histological features of a recurrent nature.
Abdomen ; Adenoids ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Mohs Surgery ; Recurrence