Child ; China ; Humans ; Rheumatic Diseases

Objective:To investigate the effects of nitric oxide(NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rat model.Methods:An intra-aortic elastase infusion model was used.Control rats received intra-aortic saline infusion.In the remaining groups,intra-aortic elastase infusion was used to induce aneurysm formation.These rats were treated with intraperitoneal injections of saline postoperatively(experimental group),aminoguanidine postoperatively(medicine group).Serum NO and aortic diameter were measured,Changes of histology,iNOS and MMP-9 were observed in the aortic wall.Results:Experimental group produced AAAs with significant production of iNOS,MMPs and serum NO compared with controls.In medicine group reduced aneurysm size and displayed suppression of MMPs expression,inflammatory infiltrates and serum NO production were detected.Conclusion:Expression of iNOS and MMP-9 are induced and serum NO levels are increased in experimental AAA,iNOS and NO production by iNOS play an important role with detrimental effects during experimental aneurysm development.

In order to improve the production of agro-antibiotic 2-16,the producing strain(Streptomyces ahygroscopicus var.huangshanensis) was treated by protoplast regeneration,ultraviolet radiation,NTG mutagenesis and low energy C~(+) ion implantation.At last,a high-yield strain No.515 was obtained.The production of ~()No.515 was increased by 223.10%.By using Plackett-Burman design and Response Surface Analysis provided by SAS software,the cultivation condition of No.515 was optimized.The amount of agro-antibiotic 2-16 was increased by 38.53% when the strain No.515 was cultivated in the optimum medium instead of the initial one.

Objective This study aimed to understand the experience of family caregivers of elderly people,explore the relationship between responsibility and burden,provide reference and theoretical guidance to the health care provider.Methods Exploratory,descriptive,qualitative design was used and a semi-structure interview Was conducted in a convenience sample of 11 participants.The Colaizzi method of empirical phenomenology Was used for interviewing and anaIyzing data obtained from 11 caregivers.Results Four major themes were found and labeled:husbands and wives,be accompanied till they are old;learning to be filial from confucius;avoiding trouble other family member as less as possible;this is my destiny.Conclusions The findings of the study pointed out that service providers should fully consider the cultural factors and develop support services that better meet the traditional culture.

Objective To evaluate engraftment status of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(Allo-HSCT) and prompt relapse of disease based on DNA polymorphism analysis technique.Methods Sixty-six cases were detected by DNA polymorphism analysis technique and 25 cases were monitored and analyzed dynamically during this period.Results After Allo-HSCT,48 patients obtained type of donors,but 13 patients did not; 5 patients showed mixed chimerism.Two cases of type of donors converted into mixed chimerism and 4 cases of mixed chimerism converted into type of donors after some time. The others' engraftment status did not change.Conclusion DNA polymorphism analysis technique can detect engraftment status of patients exactly, rapidly, which provides effective evidences of constitution for more clinical therapy projects.

To establish single- and double-transfected transgenic cells stably expressing hMATE1, hMATE1 cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR from human cryopreserved kidney tissue, and subcloned into pcDNA3.1(+) plasmid by virtue of both HindIII and Kpn I restriction enzyme sites. Subsequently, the recombined pcDNA3.1(+)- hMATE1 plasmid was transfected into MDCK, MDCK-hOCT1 or MDCK-hOCT2 cells using Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent. After a 14-day-cultivation with hygromycin B at the concentration of 400 µg · mL(-1), all clones were screened with DAPI and MPP+ as substrates to identify the best candidate. The mRNA content of hMATE1, the cellular accumulation of metformin with or without cimetidine as inhibitor, or transportation of cimetidine was further valuated. The results showed that all of the three cell models over expressed hMATE1 mRNA. The cellular accumulation of metformin in MDCK-hMATE1 was 17.6 folds of the control cell, which was significantly inhibited by 100 µmol · L(-1) cimetidine. The transcellular transport parameter net efflux ratios of cimetidine across MDCK-hOCT1/hMATE1 and MDCK-hOCT2/hMATE1 monolayer were 17.5 and 3.65, respectively. In conclusion, cell models with good hMATE1 function have been established successfully, which can be applied to study the drug transport or drug-drug interaction involving hMATE1 alone or together with hOCT1/2 in vitro.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cimetidine ; pharmacology ; DNA, Complementary ; Dogs ; Drug Interactions ; Humans ; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

AIM:To assess changes of tear film function in patients after pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation.
METHODS:Totally 126 patients with pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation from January 2011 to November 2013 were entered in the study. The tear breakup time ( BUT) , the Schirmer I test ( SⅠt) and tear ferning test ( TFT ) were elevated in the patients before and after pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation. The examnation times were 1d before surgey, 1wk, 1, 2mo after surgery. Operation eyes were studied group, while opposite healthy eyes as control group.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, BUT and TFT were significantly different in the eyes with pterygium (P<0. 05); However, no obvious difference was detected in the results of SⅠt (P>0. 05). The results of BUT and TFT at 1mo after surgery in study group were significantly better than 1wk (P<0. 05), while no significant difference compared with 2mo (P>0. 05); The tear film stability in the study group at 1wk after surgery was still inferior to the control group (P<0. 05) and there was no significant difference at 1, 2mo after surgery (P all>0. 05). SⅠt results did not differ between the different examination times(P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Tear film stability was broken in the eyes with pterygium. Pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation can obviously restore the tear film function into normal state, and the tear film function could reach steady-state 1mo after surgery.

Objective:To explore influence of health education on quality of life and compliance in community pa‐tients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods :A total of 83 community CHD patients were selected and ran‐domly divided into routine treatment group (n=38 ,received routine treatment of CHD ) and health education group (n=45 ,received CHD health education based on routine treatment ) .Score of Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) after intervention ,therapeutic compliance and incidence rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with‐in six months were compared between two groups .Results:Compared with routine treatment group after interven‐tion ,there were significant rise in each item score and total score of SAQ [total score ,(54.3 ± 7.2) scores vs .(65.4 ± 7.5) scores] ,P<0.05 all;and therapeutic compliance also significantly rose (good rate ,52.6% vs .77.8% ) in health education group , P< 0.05. After six‐month follow‐up ,total incidence rate of MACE in health education group was significantly lower than that of routine treatment group (8.9% vs .26.3% ) , P< 0.05. Conclusion:Health education can significantly improve quality of life ,compliance and prognosis in community patients with cor‐onary heart disease ,which is worth clinical extending and use .

Background Rapamycin(RAPA)is a specific inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).Researches showed that RAPA inhibits the proliferation of lens epithelium cells(LECs)and tumor cells and induces apoptosis of tumor cells.To investigate whether rapamycin has the inhibitory effect on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells is very important for the prevention and management of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).Objective This study was to investigate the effects of RAPA on the proliferation and apoptosis of human RPE cells in vitro.Methods Human RPE cells(D407 strain)were cultured and passaged and then divided into regular culture group(blank control group),DMSO control group(0.1‰ DMSO +regular culture),and different concentrations RAPA-treatment groups(5,10,20,40,80,160,320 nmol/L).The proliferation(A490)of human RPE cells was detected using MTT,and the inhibitory rates of RAPA on the proliferation of RPE cells were calculated and compared among different groups at 12,24 and 48 hours.The apoptosis rates of the cells were analyzed among various groups by Hoechst staining after 12,24,48 hours.Results The inhibitory rates of RAPA on RPE cells were significantly different among various groups(F=484.451,P＜0.01)and evidently elevated in 20-320 nmol/L RAPA groups compared with DMSO control group(P ＜ 0.01).The inhibition of RAPA on the cells was considerably enhanced as the lapse of time(F=232.262,P＜0.01)with more dominant effects in 24 and 48 hours compared to 12 hours after addition of RAPA(P＜0.05-0.01).Compared with blank control group and DMSO control group,the apoptotic rates of the cells were evidently increased in 12,24,48 hours in 10 nmol/L RAPA group(all P＜0.05),and higher cellular apoptotic rates were found in 20-320 nmol/L RAPA groups(all P＜0.01).The alteration of cellular apoptotic rate showed a gradually incremental trend as the acting time of RAPA(F =625.584,P＜0.01).Karyorrhexis and mass-like density staining and chromatin substance were seen in RPE cells under the fluorescence microscope in ≥ 10 nmoL/L RAPA groups.Conclusions RAPA suppresses the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human RPE cells in concentration-and time-dependent manner in vitro.

Ergosterol is the important component of the fungal membrane, and having stable structure. This makes it a suitable indicator for growth of fungi. In the paper, isolation and determination techniques of ergosterol as the indicator of the fungal biomass were reviewed. The methods of extracting ergosterol include traditional saponification and refluxing, rapid physical disruption, rapid ultrasonication, supercritical fluid extraction and so on. The ergosterol determination methods are high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and thin-layer chromatography, et al. The application of these techniques was also introduced. Finally, the paper prospected the feasibility of applying the ergosterol as the indicator of fungal biomass in composting.