During May-July, 1978 a survey on the prevalence of C. hepatica among house rat(Rattus norvegicus Erxl.) and wild mice (Mus musailus molossinus and Microtus mandarinus) in two districts in Seoul was carried out. Approximately 38 percent of 1,000 house rats examined were infected. Rat population as an established group in Ahyundong, neighbouring the city, revealed 39.2 percent of infection among 660 house rats, and that as newly formed group in Shinrimdong, a developing residential quarter on the southern outskirts of Seoul showed 35.9 percent among 340 rats. Infection rate of females and males was 38.9 percent and 37.2 percent respectively. Differences of infection rates by locality and sex were not statistically significant. It was very interesting that none of 64 wild mice were infected with this parasite in both districts. Some probable factors which are related on C. hepatica infection among rats were discussed briefly.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Capillaria hepatica ; prevalence ; epidemiology ; rat ; Rattus norvegicus Erxl.

This study was undertaken in order to elucidate the prevalences of the intestinal protozoan infection according to localities and the mode of the infestation in the mountainous area of Chollapuk-do, Korea during the year 1970-1971. 8,508 of fecal samples were collected among the inhabitants of the mountainous area, which covered 18 Myens(=Township) from 6 Guns(=County) in the eastern part of Chollapuk-do. Most of the inhabitants of this area were engaged in farming and living under lower economic and poor sanitary conditions. The samples were examined twice repeatedly by iodine stained direct fecal smear method. For the study on the mode of infestation, with the exception of drinking water, the zinc sulfate floatation technic was applied for the examinations of hog-feces, manure heap, garden soil, sewage, dishtowel, dust in room and floor, house fly and house rat. The results were summarized as follows: Among total 8,508 fecal specimens examined, 3,152(37.6 percent) were positive for the intestinal protozoa: E. histolytica 9.8 percent, E. coli 25.6 percent, E. nana 7.2 percent, G lamblia 6.8 percent, I. butschlii 0.6 percent, and C. mensnili 0.7 percent. A single infection of the intestinal protozoa was the highest(68.3 percent), and double infection(22.3 percent) triple, quadruple and quintuple infections were in decreasing order. The highest distribution (39.8 percent) was observed in the group aging 41-50, and the lowest (27.3 percent) in the group above 61. The groups under 10 years showed a relatively high positive rate among all age groups. Sexual distribution of protozoan infection showed slightly higher rate (38.6 percent) in male than that (35.4 percent) of female. Jangsoo-gun showed the highest positive rate (42.9 percent) and Namwon-gun was the lowest (32.5 percent). The prevalence of E. histolytica showed the highest (11.6 percent) in Imsil-gun and the lowest (6.9 percent) in Jangsoo-gun. E. histolytica cysts were found 9.1 percent among total 99 samples of hog feces, 4.8 percent among 78 samples of manure heap, 0.6 percent among 164 samples of fingernail dirt, 5.3 percent among 57 samples of drinking water, 15.8 percent among 19 samples of sewage, 7.1 percent among 42 samples of dishtowel, 0.1 percent among 780 samples of house fly and 5.0 percent among 40 samples of house rat.
parasitology-protozoa ; Entamoeba coli ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Giardia lamblia ; Endolimax nana ; Iodamoeba butschlii ; Chilomastix mesnili ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE The status and risk factors of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit(ICU) were investigated to make the intervention strategy. METHODS Use prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation to analyze the 198 nosocomial infections patients. RESULTS The lower respiratory tract infection was the main infection in ICU,about 69.4%.The risk factors were old ages,long hospitalization time,the use of many antibiotics,severe underlying illness,invasive operation manipulation and so on. CONCLUSIONS General intervention strategy should be adopt in the control of ICU nosocomial infections to low the infection rate and raise the rate of rescue.

Objective To investigate the effect of Doxycycline on gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 proliferation and Notch1, Matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)expression in order to shine a light on new anticancer drugs. Methods Final concentration of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/L doxycycline were added into human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. Cell pro-liferation was detected by MTT;Cell cycle distribution was assessed by flow cytometry;Notch1, MMP-9 protein expression was revealed by Immunoblot. Results Doxycycline can inhibit proliferation of human gastric cancer cells line BGC-823, and its effect is dose and time-dependent(P＜0.01). Doxycycline alters distribution of gastric cancer cell line BGC-823. With increasing drug concentration, the proportion of cells in S phase dropped(P＜0.01). Notch1 expression rose and MMP-9 expression decreased(P＜0.01). Conclusion Doxycyclinecan inhibited gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 prolif-eration and up-regulating Notch1 might be one mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine,Songling Xuemaikang Capsule on the individual with cerebral infarction reconvalescent and its mechanism.Methods Patients in control group( n =54) received regularly therapy and treatment group( n =55) was treated with regularly therapy and Songling Xuemaikang Capsule for eight weeks respectively.The clinical therapeutic effeets,Barthel index,hemorheology indexes,serum lipid and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined.Results The total clinical effective rate in treatment group and control group was 70.9％ and 55.6％ (P ＜ 0.01 ).After eight weeks treatment,the scores of Barthel Index,hemorheology indexes,the amounts of serum lipid and CRP in treatment group were improved significantly as compared to the control group ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).There was no severely side effect found in this trial.Conclusion Songling Xuemaikang Capsule could partly improve patients clinical outcome and life quality.The clinical efficacy of Songling Xuemaikang Capsule on the individual with cerebral infarction reconvalescent should be related to its functioning to promote the recovery of patients' blood hemorheology,and regulate serum lipid and decrease CRP level.

Objective To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA) regulates the pain in New Zealand rabbits with osteo arthritis by inhibiting the IL-17 and IL-17R expression in spinal cord.Methods New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into the sham operation group,inflammation model group,sham operation+ IL-17 group,inflammation+ IL-17 group,inflammation + EA group and inflammation +sham EA group,8 cases in each group.The rabbit osteoarthritis model was established by using the papaya protease,IL-17 and IL-17 antiserum was injected into the spinal canal,The EA group selected the EA at Zusanli point(30 min,2 Hz continuous wave,1～ 2 mA),the sham EA group adopted the non-acupoint stimulation.Then the pain threshold of rabbits was detected.The mRNA expression of IL-17 and IL-17R in rabbit spinal cord tissue was detected by RT-qPCR and the protein expression was detected by Western-Bolt.Results The rabbit pain threshold was significantly decreased after constructing the New Zealand osteoarthritis model(P＜0.05),and the spinal canal injection of IL-17 could significantly decrease the pain threshold of sham operation New Zealand rabbit(P＜0.05),while the spinal canal injection of IL-17 antiserum could significantly increase the pain threshold of osteoarthritis model rabbit.Selecting EA at Zusanli point could significantly enhance the rabbit pain threshold (P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expression of IL-17 and IL-17R of the osteoarthritis model group were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the expressions were significantly decreased after EA stimulation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The pain occurrence of New Zealand rabbit osteoarthritis may involve the IL-17 abnormal expression in spinal cord.EA may regulate the osteoarthritis pain by inhibiting the expression of IL-17 and IL-17R in spinal cord.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Enuresis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Phytotherapy

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation ; methods ; Humans ; Osteogenesis, Distraction

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Ultrasonography ; Urachus ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Vitelline Duct ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging

Humans ; Injections ; Laryngoplasty ; methods ; trends ; Vocal Cords