ObjectiveTo compare therapeutic effects of the bone-guided tissue regeneration in combination with a composite bovine-derived xenograft versus flap surgery only on intra-bony defects in elderly patients with periodontal disease. MethodsThirty elderly patients with periodontal disease were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated by the bone-guided tissue regeneration in combination with a composite bovine-derived xenograft (experimental group). The other group was treated by flap surgery only (control group). Probing depth (PD)and clinical attachment level (AL) were determined before surgery and six months after treatment in two groups. The change of bone amount was also determined before surgery and six months after treatment through computer-assisted densitometric image analysis(CADIA). ResultsThe changes of PD and CADIA were (3.8+1.7)mm, (20. 3+11.1)g/mm2 in experimental group and were (2.5+1.1)mm, (9.4+8. 6)g/mm2 in control group. The differences between two groups were significant (P.＜0. 05). The change of AL was (3.5+ 1.6)mm in experimental group, compared with control group(2. 3 1.7)mm, which showed more obvious regeneration of alveolar bone (P＜ 0. 01). ConclusionsGuided tissue regeneration in combination with a composite bovine-derived xenograft appears to be more effective than flap surgery only for intra-bony defects in elderly patients with periodontal disease.

OBJECTIVE:To study the possible mechanism of Bushenshengsui I(BSSS I),a kind of compound Chinese herbs,in treatment of aplastic anaemiaMETHODS:The animal model of mice with aplastic anaemia was established by 60Co irradiationThe therapeutic effects of BSSS I on aplastic anaemia were observed with the changes of peripheral blood cell count,bone marrow GM-CFU-c and activities of blood IL-1,IL-2 and IL-6RESULTS:After treatment with BSSS I,the peripheral blood cell count,amount of bone marrow karyocyte and GM-CFU-c of bone marrow of the aplastic anaemia mice elevated markedly,and the blood IL-1 and IL-6 activities increased obviouslyThe levels of IL-6 increased to the level of normal and showed positive relationship with IL-1(r=0904)The levels of IL-2 of the treatment group showed a decrease but with no significant differencesCONCLUSION:The results showed that BSSS I may improve the function of hematopoiesis by elevating the peripheral blood cells and the amount of bone marrow karyocytes,accelerating GM-CFU-c of bone marrow,and through moderating the activities of IL-1,IL-2,IL-6

Objective To explore the coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of infants younger than six months in Xiamen area in recent years,and to analyze the difference of anti-A or anti-B antibody in infants of different age groups and different ABO blood groups.Methods 2 993 hospitalized infants from 0 to 6 months in five hospitals of Xiamen area were selected.EDTA-K2 anticoagulant blood samples were collected.Micro-column gel agglutination assay was used in ABO blood group.All the infants were divided into six groups,which aged from 0-7 days,8-14 days,15-31 days,1-2 months,3-4 months and 5-6 months.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of each group were compared.Results Of the 2 993 infants,303 cases were AB type.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group of the other infants which aged from 0-7 days,8-14 days,15-31 days,1-2 months,3-4 months and 5-6 months were 57.0%,61.0%,63.0%,71.8%,84.9% and 91.0%,respectively.The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group between different blood groups had no statistically significant difference(x2=0.842,P=0.657).The coincidence rates of positive and reverse blood group had statistically significant difference among different age groups(x2=185.683,P<0.05).Conclusion The IgM antibody of ABO blood group is detected in infants younger than six months.Positive and reverse blood group is necessary in ABO blood group identification of infants to guarantee the safety clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To investigate the value of prothrombotic state (PTS) in prediction of perioperative cardiac events in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery.Methods One-hundred and twenty-eight ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ elderly patients (NYHA class Ⅰ or Ⅱ) of both sexes,aged 6575 yr,undergoing elective abdominal surgery,were enrolled in the study.Total intravenous anesthesia was performed during surgery.Venous blood samples were collected for detection of the levels of D-dimer,thrombus precursor protein and P-selectin (molecular markers of PTS).Detection of PTS was based on the three indexes mentioned above.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the cardiac events occurred during surgery and within 3 days after surgery:non-cardiac event group and cardiac event group.The general data of patients and each index during surgery were recorded.Logistic regression analysis was used to pick out the potential risk factors for cardiac events.Results Twenty-nine patients developed cardiac events.There was no significant difference in age,obesity,ratio of diabetes,duration of operation,and ratio of PTS between non-cardiac event and cardiac event groups (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that old age,diabetes,prolonged duration of operation,and PTS were independent risk factors for cardiac events (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion PTS produces some value in prediction of perioperative cardiac events in elderly patients with coronary heart disease undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IDR) induce severe medical complications or even death in patients. Alert structure in drugs can be metabolized as reactive metabolite (RM) in the bodies, which is one of the major factors to induce IDR. Structure modification and avoidance of alert structure in the drug candidates is an efficient method for reducing toxicity risks in drug design. This review briefly summarized the recent development of the methodologies for structure optimization strategy to reduce the toxicity risks of drug candidates. These methods include blocking metabolic site, altering metabolic pathway, reducing activity, bioisosterism, and prodrug.

The methyl group plays an important role in the rational drug design. Introducing methyl into small molecules has become an important strategy of lead compound optimization. The application of methyl in drug design is reviewed in this paper. Methyl can modulate the physicochemical, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic properties by ortho effect, inductive effect, and conformational effect. It also improves the metabolic stability as a soft metabolic point. In addition, introducing methyl into drug molecules can also be applied as a strategy in new uses of old drugs and generate me-too drugs.

Objective To construct a new recombinant immunotoxin expression vector fused with a murine interleukin18(IL18) gene and a truncated pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) gene, and examine the expression of IL-18-PE38 fusion protein in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Method Murine IL-18 (mIL-18) cDNA was cloned from murine liver tissue through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mIL-18 cDNA was ligased with a PE38 gene carried by PRKL expression vector through T4 DNA ligase and constructed into fusion protein expression plasmid PRKL-IL18-PE38. The recombinant vector was identified by restriction endonucleases digestion, PCR and DNA sequencing. After transformed into E.coli BL21 and induced by IPTG, the expressed product was obtained and the molecular weight and specificity were determined by SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting. Result The new recombinant immunotoxin expression vector was constructed successfully. DNA sequencing revealed that the mIL-18 and PE38 gene were consistent with NCBI Gene Bank. The IL-18-PE38 fusion protein was expressed in E.coli BL21, and Western-blotting analysis indicated that the molecular weight of the expression product is about 56 kDa, and could react with the specific antibody against mIL-18. Conclusion IL-18-PE38 recombinant immunotoxin expression vector will provide the basis for study on the targeted cytotoxic activity to Th1 cells and may have some potential value in the treatment of Th1 cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of mesenchymul stem cells(MSCs) transfected with human home oxygenase- 1 gene on the inflammatory cytokines and the ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats.Method MSCs were acquired from the hone marrow of adults rats.They were isolated,purified cultured,and transfected with Adv-HO-1,or Adv-GFP in vitro before transplantation.At 1 hours after left coronary artery ligation,Adv-HO-1-MSCs or Adv-GFP-MSCs marked with DAPI were directly injected into the horder of cardiac infarction in rats.At 4 days after transplantation,western blot analysis was used to measure HO-1 protein expression in the the horder of cardiac infarction.The levels of VEGF,bFGF,HGF protein expression were measured by ELISA,and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR.The rat heart function was measured by echocardiography.At 4 weeks after transplantation,ventricular remodeling and pathological changes were measured by HE and Masson staining.Results The Adv-HO-1-MSCa treated group showed marked increase of HO-1 rotein (P<0.05),and displayed significant increase of montioned cytokines above,P <0.05,compared with other groups.The Adv-HO-1-MSCs treated group displayed significant reduction of mRNAs expreesion of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and significant increase in IL-10 mRNA expression,with P<0.05,compared with others.Conclusions HO-1-MSCs could secrete multiple cytokines in infarction hearts,and had beneficial effects on inflammatory cytokines,remodeling processes and cardiac function.

Chemical investigation was carried out to study the alkaloids from stems of Nelumbo nucifera and their cytotoxic activities. The constituents were separated by column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities by MTr method. Fifteen compounds were isolated from the total alkaloids extract and identified as asimilobine (1), isococlaurine (2), N-acetylnorarmepavine (3), crykonisine (4), velucryptine (5), pycnarrhine (6), liriodenine (7), nuciferine (8), nornuciferine (9), armepavine (10), N-methylasimilobine (11), coclaurine (12), N-norarmepavine (13), N-methylcoclaurine (14) and lysicamine (15). Compounds 1-7 and 12-15 were isolated from stems of this plant for the first time, and compounds 2-6 were firstly isolated from the family Nelumbonaceae. Compounds 7-10, 13 and 14 showed significant cytotoxic activities against HL-60 carcinoma cell line with inhibitory ratios of 51.36%, 59.09%, 52.51%, 53.93%, 51.43%, and 64.31% at concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), respectively.
Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Nelumbo ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

Idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IDR) induce severe medical complications or even death in patients. Alert structure in drugs can be metabolized as reactive metabolite (RM) in the bodies, which is one of the major factors to induce IDR. Structure modification and avoidance of alert structure in the drug candidates is an efficient method for reducing toxicity risks in drug design. This review briefly summarized the recent development of the methodologies for structure optimization strategy to reduce the toxicity risks of drug candidates. These methods include blocking metabolic site, altering metabolic pathway, reducing activity, bioisosterism, and prodrug.
Binding Sites ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Drug Recalls ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Structure-Activity Relationship