Several key issues in the diagnosis of osteoporosis were discussed. The definition of osteoporosis and some concepts in bone fracture risk evaluation were explained, so as the methods to avoid the common misunderstandings in clinical practice. Finally, the parameters used in determination of bone metabolism and bone mass were listed, and their application and limitation were analyzed. It may help the clinicians to make correct choice of these parameters.

AIM: To explore the curative effect of different ways of silicone tube catheter for the treatment of children`s lacrimal canaliculi rupture.METHODS: A retrospective analysis from January 2014 to December 2015 were taken.According to admission time sequence,42 children with lacrimal canaliculi rupture was divided into two groups.One group was treated with single silicone tube insertion,the other was treated with annular silicone tuber insertion.The treatment results were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS: There were 4 eyes in single silicone tube group occurred fall off in 2wk to 1mo after operations because of improper nursing and the second operations were taken.There was no eye with this in annular silicone tuber groups,the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.05).In single silicone tube group,16 eyes were cured,1 eye improved,3 eyes unchanged which were the 3 eyes with fall off.Those 3 eyes were 1 patient bitten by dog,2 bombed;the effective rate was 85%.In annular silicone tuber insertion,20 eyes were cured,2 eyes improved and the effective rate was 100%,the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Children`s lacrimal canaliculi rupture should be timely given surgical treatment,reasonable surgical treatment can achieve good operation effect.Annular silicone tube has good stability,fewer complications than single silicone tube,and clinical treatment effect is good.

Objective:To determine PRA and PRB expressions at mRNA and protein levels in endome-trial carcinomas,and to correlate the PRA and PRB expressions in tumours with clinical features inclu-ding grading,surgical stage,degree of myometrial invasion,and lymph node status.Methods:Sixty-sixendometrial carcinomas were investigated with Western blot assays and reverse-transcription polymerasechain reaction.The corresponding clinical information was collected.Spearman's rank correlation wasused to test for association between expressions of total PR and PR isoforms in endometrial carcinomas andclinical features.Results:At protein level,expressions of PRA and PRB were significantly inversely re-lated to grade(r=-0.343,r=-0.310,P

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of Cyclosporin A(CyA) in the treatment of psoriasis is well recongized, the dosage less than 5mg/kg per day(mg/kg/d) is recommended. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the indication, dose, course and side-effects of CyA therapy for psoriasis, especially in China. METHODS: Forty patients with psoriasis were treated with doses of CyA 5mg/kg/d, compared with 20 patients treated with Tigason lmg/kg/d by Global PAST. RESULTS: 1. Of 40 patients 33 patients (82.5%)were cured clinically in 4-5weeks and all the patients(100%) had responses to the therapy. 2. The efficacy and the Global PASI reduction of CyA therapy were significantly better than that of Tigason therapy. 3. During the CyA therapy, no severe side-effects and obvious laboratory changes were found. CONCLUSION: CyA(5mg/kg/d) was satisfactory for psoriasis, especially for psoriasis pustulosa, arthropathica and erythroderma. CyA was found to be superior to Tigason. The therapy course and side-effects seemed to be related to the dosage.
China* ; Clinical Study* ; Cyclosporine* ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Etretinate ; Humans ; Psoriasis*

OBJECTIVETo report a case of simple congenital bilateral ejaculatory duct absence (EDA) complicated with seminal vesicle cyst and review the relevant literature in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of a case of bilateral congenital EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst, reviewed the relevant literature at home and abroad, and comprehensively analyzed the embryonic development, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital EDA.

RESULTSThe patient was a 23-year-old man, present at the clinic for infertility after married for a year. Vasography and other imaging examinations confirmed simple congenital bilateral EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst. Pathologic biopsy showed normal spermatogenic function of the testes.

CONCLUSIONCongenital EDA originates from embryonic developmental defect of the mesonephric duct, and it can be confirmed by vasography. Transurethral incision of the ejaculatory duct and intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be employed for the treatment of bilateral EDA.

Cysts ; complications ; diagnosis ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; abnormalities ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles

Only by working out and implementing scientific and rational developmnent strategies can hospitals contend for the initiative and have a leading edge in the fierce market competition. At present, it is imperative for hospitals to develop the new century-oriented market competition strategy in view of their respective current conditions and circumstances, the talent developnent strategy based on the reform of the personnel system, the strategy of scientific and technological development, and the strategy of the socialization of rear services. Hospital managers ought to promote the construction of their hospitals in light of the above strategies. Nevertheless, in implementing hospital development strategies, it is important to guarantee the continuity and stability of the overall development strategies and not to make unpredictable changes. Only by doing so can the development of hospitals be pushed forward via working out hospital development strategies.

Objective To investigate the effect of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus.Methods Eighty-seven patients with hepatobiliary calculus who underwent hepatectomy from December,1998 to December,2008 were reviewed retrospectively.Forty-six patients underwent the section of common bile duct to remove calculus combined with left lateral segmentectomy and fiber choledochoscope( Group A),41 patients underwent left hepatectomy and section of common bile duct to remove calculus( Group B).The postoperative stone residual rate,complications and long-term outcome were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative stone residual rate of either group was zero.Intraoperative bleeding ( 401.1 ± 180.4ml) ,operative times ( 202.5 ±36.6 rmin) of group A were significantly lower than those of the group B (515.9 ± 200.6ml and 257.3 ± 42.9min) ( P ＜ 0.001 and 0.01,respectively) .Hospital stays of group A was lower than that of group B,but this is no statistical significance ( P ＞ 0.05 ) .The incidence of postoperative complications were similar in the two groups( 15.2% v.s.24.4% ,P ＞ 0.05 ).The effective rates of the two groups were similar (91.3 % VS 92.7 %,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions The long-term and short-term outcome of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus is similar to that of left hepatectomy ,and can successfully shorten the hospital stay and reduce the hospital fee.

[Objective] To observe the effects of Oysters, Abalone shel , Concha arcae, Mother-of-pearl, Concha cypraeae, Clamshel , these six testacean TCM on the goiter rats. [Method] 72 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into nine groups:normal group, model group, positive group and six testacean TCM groups. Rats were given daily propylthiouracil (0.15 g·kg-1), continuous modeling for 10d, weighing thyroid wet weight,assaying T3, T4 and TSH contents in serum by ELISA, observing the morphological changes of thyroid under light microscope. [Result] Rats in the model group compared with normal group in-creased the relative weight of thyroid, reduced the content of T3,T4, and there was a significant difference( P<0.01), thyroid fol icular epithelial cellhyperplasia was obvious;compared with the model group, Oysters and Clamshel group made the content of T3,T4 in rat rebound, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Oyster and Clamshel group’s thyroid fol icular cellhyperplasia were not obvious, while the hyperplasia had different levels for the other 4 kinds of testacean TCM. [Conclusion] Oysters and Clamshel were better to improve the thyroid function of the goiter model rats.

Objective To explore the relationship between the fundus vascular changes with the stage and risk stratification of essential hypertension(EH) and the cardiac function.Methods One hundred patients with EH in our hospital from April 2011 to March 2016 were selected and divided into the control group(n=29),Ⅰ-Ⅱ group(n=56) and Ⅲ-Ⅳ group(n=15) according to the Keith-Wagener fundus grading.The stage and risk stratification of EH (mild,moderate,severe),cardiac function indexes[left ventricular end-diastolic inner diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular wall thickness (LVPWT),interventricular septum thickness (LVST),left ventricular mass index (LVMI),carotid intima-media thickness (IMT),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)] were compared among 3 groups.Results The proportions of mild hypertension in the control group,Ⅰ-Ⅱ group and Ⅲ-Ⅳ group were 55.17％,21.43％ and 6.67％ respectively,the proportions of moderate hypertension were 31.03％,30.36％ and 26.67 ％ respectively,which of severe hypertension were 13.79 ％,48.21 ％ and 66.67 ％ respectively,the differences were statistically significant(x2 =5.568,P=0.019).The cardiac indexes of LVEDD,LVPWT,etc.had statistical differences among the control group,Ⅰ-Ⅱ group and Ⅲ-Ⅳ group(P＜0.05).The fundus vascular changes were positively correlated with the stages and risk stratification of EH (r=0.742,P =0.002),while LVMI (r =0.674,P =0.028) and IMT (r =0.598,P =0.014) were negatively correlated with LVEF(r=-0.623,P=0.035).Conclusion The fundus vascular changes have close correlation with the stage and risk stratification of EH and cardiac function,which could be used as an important index for judging the hypertensive severity and target organ damage situation

Objective Investigation of the effect of integrin on fibroblasts from scleroderma in the production of procollagen. Methods Phosphorothioate modified antisense oligonucleotides were used to interfere with the expression of integrin ? 5 or ? 1 subunit on scleroderma fibroblasts respectively, then the changes of procollagen mRNA were detected by RT PCR. Results The expression of integrin ? 5 or ? 1 subunit could be specifically inhibited by their antisense oligonucleotides respectively. Decreased expression of fibroblast integrin ? 5 or ? 1 subunit significantly lowered mRNA of procollagen ? 1(Ⅰ) and ? 1(Ⅲ). Conclusion Overproduction of procollagen may be inhibited in the level of transcription by lowering the expression of integrin on fibroblasts in scleroderma.