Objective To explore the relationship between the times of abortion and congenital and acquired uterine anomalies.Methods One hundred and eighty-five patients underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy following abortion were selected and diagnosed by hysteroscopy,then divided into congenital and acquired uterine abnormalities according to the morphology and the formation of uterine cavity lesions.The relationship of 1 times,2 times,equal or more than 3 times of different number of abortion and uterine congenital and acquired abnormalities were compared respectively.Results Diagnostic hysteroscopy revealed anomalies uterine cavity was 79.9％ (148/185),of them congenital uterine anomalies was 52.4％ (97/185),and acquired uterine pathologies was the most of 21.1％ (39/185),acquired uterine abnormalities was 21.1％ (39/185),and intrauterine adhesion was the most common of 11.9％ (22/185).Incidence of intrauterine adhesions of natural abortion with 1 times,2 times and 3 times or more were 7.4％ (5/68),14.1％ (11/78) and 15.4％ (6/39).Hysteroscopy showed that the detection rates of normal uterine cavity,congenital abnormalities,acquired uterine and congenital and acquired pathologies in 3 groups were 27.9％ (19/68),51.5％ (35/68),17.6％ (12/68)and 2.9％(2/68);17.9％(14/78),51.3％(40/78),24.3％(19/78) and 6.4％(5/78);10.3％(4/39),56.4％ (22/39),20.5％ (8/39) and 12.8％ (5/39),respectively,the differences were not significant (x2 =8.823,P=0.184).Conclusion Hysteroscopy is a simple and efficient tool in the early diagnosis of congenital and acquired uterine anomalies.Diagnostic hysteroscopy can be performed after the first miscarriage in order to early diagnose and treat congenital and acquired uterine pathologies.

Objective To study the mechanisms and effect of soybean isoflavone on esophageal carcinoma cell ECa109 during the normoxia and hypoxia. Methods The environment of hypoxia was established by GasPak method. The ECa109 cells were assigned into normal control group, soybean isoflavones group, hypoxia group, and soybean isoflavones plus hypoxia group. The effect of soybean isoflavones was determined by MTT, and FCM was used for detecting the apoptosis and cell cycle of ECa109. Electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of ECa109 induced by soybean isoflavone. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the changes of HIF-1? and Fas. Results Soybean isoflavone could inhibit significantly the growth of ECa109 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, and arrest the cells in G_2/M phase during normoxia and hypoxia. The inhibitory effect was elevated significantly during hypoxia, and the cell apoptosis and necrosis were observed by electron microscope. The Fas expression was elevated by soybean isoflavone during the normoxia and hypoxia, and the HIF-1? expression was down-regulated during hypoxia. Conclusion Soybean isoflavone can inhibit ECa109 cells growth by delaying the progress of cell cycle, up-regulating the Fas expression. Soybean isoflavone can inhibit the expression of HIF-1? that was increased during hypoxia, which may be the mechanism that the inhibitory effect was enhanced significantly during hypoxia.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of intrauterine re-adhesions treated by transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA). Methods Between January 2012 and January 2015, 12 patients with intrauterine re-adhesions after TCRA in other hospitals had fertility requirements , including 10 cases of severe intrauterine adhesions and 2 cases of moderate intrauterine adhesions .In our hospital , the 12 patients underwent laparoscopic exploration and TCRA .After operation the patients were treated with artificial cycle therapy for 3 months and then underwent hysteroscopic examination . Results In the operation, the remaining of 50%endometrium was found in 1 case, the remaining of 30%endometrium was found in 1 case, and the remaining of 20%endometrium in 9 cases.Only petechial and patchy residual endometrial islands were found in 1 case.Uterine dysplasia was found in 3 cases.Re-examinations of hysteroscopy 3 months after surgery showed 4 cases of uterine cavity normal recovery , 6 cases of moderate intrauterine adhesions, and 2 cases of mild intrauterine adhesions .Follow-up for 18-42 months (mean, 28.5 months) in the 12 cases showed 2 cases of term pregnancy and 1 case of spontaneous abortion .The other 9 patients had no pregnancy , 3 of which withdrew the treatment and 6 of which underwent further treatment . Conclusions Patients with intrauterine re-adhesions usually have seriously damaged endometrium and poor recovery .We suggest that TCRA should be completed by experienced professionals to reduce the residual endometrial destruction , so as to improve the treatment outcomes of intrauterine adhesions .

Objective: To investigate the trends in prevalence of depression symptoms among middle-aged and elderly residents at ages of 45 years and older in China from 2011 to 2018, so as to provide insights into depression prevention and control among middle-aged and elderly residents. Methods: Demographic features and evaluation data of depressive symptoms were collected from middle-aged and elderly residents at ages of 45 years and older recorded during four follow-ups in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the depressive symptoms were screened using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Following sampling weights, non-response weights, and post-stratification weighting, the detection of depressive symptoms was analyzed among the middle-aged and elderly residents with different demographics, and the trends in prevalence of depressive symptoms were identified using annual percent change (APC). Results: A total of 48 223 middle-aged and elderly residents were enrolled, including 12 624, 10 427, 12 144, and 13 028 residents in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018, with mean ages of (58.8±9.4), (58.9±9.2), (59.0±9.2), and (61.1±9.2) years, respectively. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 34.5% (95%CI: 33.3%-35.8%), 29.6% (95%CI: 28.5%- 30.8%), 30.6% (95%CI: 29.4%-31.8%), and 35.0% (95%CI: 33.6%-36.4%) among middle-aged and elderly residents in 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018, respectively, with no remarkable changing trends seen (APC=0.4%, t=0.188, P=0.868). Higher detection was seen among residents at advanced ages, among women than among men, among rural residents than among urban residents, among residents with lower educational levels, among widowed and unmarried residents than among married residents, among unemployed residents than among employees, and among residents that had lower per capita personal consumption expenditures than mean expenditures than among residents that had higher per capita personal consumption expenditures than mean expenditures (all P<0.05). Conclusions There were no obvious trends in prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly residents in China from 2011 to 2018, and individuals with advanced ages, women, urban residents and those with low educational and economic levels should be given a high priority for depression control.

objective: To evaluate the effect of Quad Helix appliance in expanding narrow dental arch. Methods: 12 cases were treated by Quad Helix appliance. The effect was evaluated by measurement of the dental arch. Results: The dental arch of all the patients was expanded in half a year.The width between the maxillary first molars increased by 8.95 mm, and the width between maxillary first premolars increased by 5.7 mm. The average time of expanding was 20.75 weeks, the expanding efficiency was 0.43 mm per week. Conclusion: Quad Helix is an effective orthodontic appliance for correction of narrow dental arch.

Administration, Oral ; Humans ; Rotavirus Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Viral Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; immunology

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Gateway-Wingspan system for treatment of symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. Methods: The clinical data of 31 patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis in the Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University First Hospital were analyzed retrospectively from June 2008 to June 2011. The stenotie rate was all >50%. According to Mori's classification, 7 patients were type A and 24 were type B. The patients were treated by using Gateway-Wingspan system and were followed up and evaluated. The perioperative and postoperative complications were observed. Results: Circled digit oneOf the 31 patients, the average stenosis rate in Mori type A patients before procedure was 72.2 ± 4.5% and after Wingspan stenting was 21.6 ± 2.1%. In Mori type B patients, the average preoperative stenosis rate was 75.1 ± 7.0% and after stenting was 24.2 ± 3.8%, the success rate of Wingspan stenting was 96.8%. One patient had perioperative complications; he had unilateral limb weakness and lethargy. Head CT and MRI did not reveal significant infarction and hematoma. Circled digit twoOf the 31 patients, 2 were lost follow-up observation, and the remaining patients were followed up for 5 to 41 months. None of them had cerebral infarction on the stent side within 1 month after procedure. Of the 16 patients whom followed-up with DSA, no restenosis (0/5) was found in the Mori type A patients after procedure. In the 11 Mori type B patients, 4 had restenosis (4/11, P = 0.245) and 2 of them occurred ischemic events after stenting but no mortality. Conclusion: Gateway-Wingspan system in the treatment of symptomatic intracranial stenosis is safe and efficient through rigorous screening of patients. Its long-term efficacy and how to prevent the postoperative restenosis warrant further investigation.

Objective To study the incidence of complications of visceral and vascular injury in laparoscopic surgery for gynecologic diseases,and to discuss the ways to decrease the incidence. Methods The data of 2684 patients who received laparoscopic surgery from Januray 2003 to December 2005 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were reviewed retrospectively.The incidence and treatment of complications of visceral and vascular injury were observed. Results The total incidence rate of complications was 2.53%(n=68),and that of the visceral and vascular injury was 0.37%(n=10).Four cases of injury were related with trocar punctures(injury of omental blood vessel,n=2;postperitoneal vessel,n=2),three took place during the operation (severe bleeding,n=1;bladder injury,n=2),and the other three were observed in the postoperative stage(ureter injury,n=2;intestinal fistula,n=1). Conclusion The complications in laparoscopic surgery for gynecologic diseases are increased with the extension and difficulty of operation,and are closely related with the experience of the surgeons.Proper candidates for the surgery and established operative technique are the key factors in decreasing the incidence.

BACKGROUND:Typical anterior cervical decompression and fusion method has many disadvantages.Cervical fusion cage has obtained satisfactory outcomes,but many problems should be solved.OBJECTIVE:To design a type of PDLLA Cage and to investigate the immediate stability of different fusion methods in a goat cervical spine model following C_(3-4) fusion.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized controlled study was performed at the Laboratory of Biomechanics,Sichuan University from June 2005 to January 2006.MATERIALS:C_(3-4) segment was obtained from a total of 15 adult female 2-year goat corpses.Additional C_(3-4) from 27 adult female 2-year goats was used in biomechanics test.Samples were supplied by the Animal Experimental Center,West China Clinical Medical College,Sichuan University to use in measurement of anatomy parameter and biomechanica test.METHODS:C_(3-4) segment obtained from goat corpse was subjected to X-ray test in an anterior lateral position.In accordance with C_(3-4) mean vertebral height,the angle of C_3 vertebral inferior border and anterior border,the anterior and posterior distance of C_3 vertebral inferior border,as well as the distance of anterior and posterior borders of the middle vertebral body,a type of PDLLA Cage was designed and made,and the biomechanical behavior analysis about the materials was performed.The 27 goat samples were not destroyed following biomechanics test (normal control group),and were assigned to 3 groups,PDLLA Cage group (n=9),titanium alloy Cage group (n=9) and autologous iliac bone group (n=9).Anterior longitudinal ligament was incised at FSU intervertebral space.Following excising the nucleus pulposus,adherent muscle was removed and the whole ligament was remained,as well as the bony terminal plate and cartilage subchondral bone were reserved.PDLLA Cage and titanium alloy Cage were respectively implanted in the cavity of the Cage main body in the PDLLA Cage group and titanium alloy Cage group.The Cage was fixed in the vertebral body using two fixing plates of anterior alar plate with 3.5-mm screw.Autologous cortical iliac bone from three surfaces was implanted in the autologous iliac bone group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Biomechanics was tested in flexion,extension,axial rotation,and lateral bending using 1,2,3,4 N·m moment of force method.The mean stiffness values and the range of motion were calculated in each group. RESULTS:In every loading mode,the displacement values were statistically significant difference between cage groups (PDLLA Cage group and titanium Cage group) compared with the normal control group (P<0.05);and the displacement of cage groups were lower than that of the autologous tricortical iliac crest bone graft group except for 4 N·m bending loading mode (P<0.05).Posterior extension was significant better in the PDLLA Cage group and titanium alloy Cage group compared with the autologous iliac bone group.Compared with the normal control group,the displacement of posterior extension and lateral bending was lower in the autologous iliac bone group (P<0.05).The stiffness of PDLLA Cage and the titanium Cage group in the flexion loading had no significant difference (P>0.05).In the others loading condition,the titanium Cage group was statistically greatest in all directions (P<0.05).The stiffness of PDLLA Cage was comparable with that of the titanium Cage and was statistically higher than that of the autologous tricortical iliac crest bone graft and intact (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:This type of PDLLA Cage can provide enough primary stability for cervical intervertebral fusion.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of alendronate sodium on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone marker in prostate cancer elderly patients after medical castration therapy. METHODS:In perspective study,84 elderly patients undergoing medical castration therapy were selected and divided into treatment group(45 cases)and control group(39 cases)according to ran-dom number table. Control group received medical castration therapy+Calcium carbonate D3 tablets,1 tablet,po,qn;treatment group was additionally given Alendronate sodium tablets 70 mg,po,once a week,1 week after routine treatment,on the basis of control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 12 months. The levels of 25-OH-D,testosterone,BMD and bone marker were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:3 cases of treatment group and 1 case of control group dropped out of the study. Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,25-OH-D levels of 2 groups were increased slightly,but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05);tes-tosterone level of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,with statistical significance (P<0.05). 12 months after treatment,BMD of lumbar vertebra,collum femoris and hip were increased significantly in treatment group,while those were decreased significantly in control group;there was statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups(P<0.05). The levels of N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin,procollagen Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide and β-crosslaps were decreased signifi-cantly in treatment group,while those were increased significantly in control group;there was statistical significance in above in-dexes between 2 groups (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Alendronate sodium can prevent bone loss and reduce the rate of bone turnover in elderly patients with prostate cancer receiving medical castration therapy.