In the East, Probably one of the most commonly performed esthetic operation is the piercing of the earlobes for earring. the complication of this procedure includes infection, the formation of the hypertrophic scar or keloid, and tearing. Keloid formation is one of the disaterous common complications of the ear piercing. the patients regard the keloid as a cosmetic blemish and they complain that they cannot wear earrings. We have experienced 5 patients of earlobe keloid complicated from piercing of the earlobes. We used intralestional steroid njection, in conjunction with surgical excision and pressure therapy for treatment of the keloid. Among various techniques for reconstructing a piercing, we chose modified Pardue's method for artificial earlobe cleft after wide excision of the keloid. the result was good and satisfactory without any complication after 4 to 24 months of follow-up. the purpose of this paper is to present a simple method of treatment of the earlobe keloid with preservation of the perforation for an earring.
Body Piercing ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Ear* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keloid*

Because information on biological agents in the workplace is lacking, biological hazard analyses at the workplace to securely recognize the harmful factors with biological basis are desperately needed. This review concentrates on literatures published after 2010 that attempted to detect biological hazards to humans, especially workers, and the efforts to protect them against these factors. It is important to improve the current understanding of the health hazards caused by biological factors at the workplace. In addition, this review briefly describes these factors and provides some examples of their adverse health effects. It also reviews risk assessments, protection with personal protective equipment, prevention with training of workers, regulations, as well as vaccinations.
Biological Factors ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Social Control, Formal ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Colon* ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage* ; Varicose Veins*

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical and anterior segment anatomical features in primary angle closure sub-groups based on configurations of iris root insertion. METHODS: Primary angle closure patients were imaged using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Anterior chamber depth, iris curvature, iris thickness (IT) at the scleral spur and 500, 750, and 1,500 µm from the scleral spur (IT(0), IT(500), IT(750), and IT(1500)), lens vault, iris area, angle opening distance (AOD(500)), angle recess area (ARA(750)), and trabecular iris space area (TISA(750)) were measured. Iris root insertion was categorized into a non-basal insertion group (NBG) and basal insertion group (BG). RESULTS: In total, 43 eyes of 39 participants belonged to the NBG and 89 eyes of 53 participants to the BG. The mean age of participants was greater in the NBG than the BG (62.7 ± 5.7 vs. 59.8 ± 7.3 years, p = 0.043), and the baseline intraocular pressure was higher in the BG than the NBG (16.4 ± 4.4 vs. 14.9 ± 3.3 mmHg, p = 0.037). The BG showed a greater IT(0) (0.265 ± 0.04 vs. 0.214 ± 0.03 mm, p < 0.001) and iris area (1.59 ± 0.24 vs. 1.52 ± 0.27 mm2, p = 0.045), lower ARA(750) (0.112 ± 0.08 vs. 0.154 ± 0.08 mm2, p = 0.017) and AOD(500) (0.165 ± 0.07 vs. 0.202 ± 0.08 mm, p = 0.014) compared to the NBG. CONCLUSIONS: The BG had a narrower anterior chamber angle, thicker peripheral iris, and higher pretreatment intraocular pressure.
Anterior Eye Segment/*diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/diagnosis/physiopathology/*surgery ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; *Intraocular Pressure ; Iridectomy/*methods ; Iris/diagnostic imaging/*surgery ; Lens, Crystalline/diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods

In general, split thickness skin graft was done under general anesthesia. However, there was a difficulty to do general anesthesia in some cases due to poor general condition. The lateral cutaneous nerve block of the thigh(LCNBT) anesthesia the usual donor site of split-thickness skin graft in the thigh. Using 10 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, LCNBT was used thigh for harvesting split-thickness skin in 42 patients. Patients age ranged from 18 to 62 years with mean 49 years. The onset of full anesthesia took between 12 and 21 minutes. The area anesthetised ranged from 200 cm2to 940 cm2with mean 551 cm2. The duration of full anesthesia was from 6 to 16 hours. In 6 patients, LCNBT was compared with previous lidocaine local anesthesia and all patients preferred to do LCNBT. In our experience, LCNBT is a safe, and simple method for harvesting split-thickness from the thigh and LCNBT provided good postoperative analgesia.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Nerve Block ; Skin* ; Thigh* ; Tissue Donors* ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: Emergence agitation (EA) is one of the most common complications after general anesthesia. The goal of this retrospective study was to determine the risk factors of EA in adult patients who underwent general anesthesia. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 5,358 adult patients who stayed in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) of our hospital after general anesthesia during the 1-year period from January 2014 to December 2014. Psychological and behavioral status in the PACU was determined by the Aono four-point scale. Grade of 3 or 4 were considered as manifestations of EA. Multiple variables assessed EA risk factors. RESULTS: Two-hundred-forty-five patients (4.6%) developed EA. In multivariate analysis, male gender (OR = 1.626, P = 0.001), older age (OR = 1.010, P = 0.035), abdominal surgery (OR = 1.633, P = 0.002), spine surgery (OR = 1.777, P = 0.015), longer duration of anesthesia (OR = 1.002, P < 0.001), postoperative nausea and vomiting (OR = 20.164, P < 0.001) and postoperative pain (OR = 3.614, P < 0.001) were risk factors of EA. CONCLUSIONS: Male gender and older patients were risk factors of EA after general anesthesia in adult patients. Careful attention is needed for patients who receive abdominal or spine surgery, and who receive prolonged anesthesia. Adequate postoperative analgesia and antiemetic therapy should be provided to reduce the incidence of EA.
Adult* ; Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia Recovery Period ; Anesthesia, General* ; Delirium ; Dihydroergotamine* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pain, Postoperative ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Spine

Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a recently recognized, uncommon soft tissue neoplasm. It has a tendency to develop in deep soft tissue of young adults and a possibility of local recurrence or distant metastasis. Diagnostic criteria have not been well defined and this tumor has not been accepted as a distinct entity. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of bland spindle cells with mainly whorled pattern of growth, set in alternating areas with a myxoid or fibrous stroma. Careful consideration of the morphological and immunohistochemical features of this tumor permit a positive diagnosis of low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma and allow its distinction from a number of other benign and malignant soft tissue neoplasms. We experienced a low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma in chest wall and report this case with a review of the literature.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma* ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance and outcome of elderly cervical cancer patients who were treated with radiation therapy retrospectively. METHODS: Fourteen patients over 80 years with pathologically proven stage I-IV cervical cancer who were treated with definitive RT between 1993 and 2003 were analyzed. We investigated response rates, recurrence rates, complications, progression free intervals, and current status of subjects. RESULTS: The age of the 14 patients ranged from 80 to 88 (median age: 81). The distribution of clinical stage by FIGO classification were > or =stage IIB (78.6%). The most common histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma. Nine patients (64.3%) underwent definitive radiation therapy. Among the 9 patients who had undergone radiotherapy, 7 patients (77.8%) showed complete response. One patient underwent surgical intervention followed by chemotherapy due to progression of disease despite radiotherapy. Two patients experienced radiation cystitis and 1 patient suffered from radiation colitis, however, other patients did not manifestate significant complications. One patient who underwent palliative chemotherapy due to persistent disease experienced mild marrow suppression and neurologic symptoms temporarily. CONCLUSION: The elderly patients over 80 years with good performance status may tolerate definitive pelvic radiation administered according to conventional fractionation schedules to control cervical cancer. Definitive radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy should not be excluded as a treatment option even for patients older than 80 years.
Aged* ; Appointments and Schedules ; Bone Marrow ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Colitis ; Cystitis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: The first multicenter study on standard patenest results(1983-1986) was tried in Korea. Since then 10 years have elapsed and epidemiologi al data need be updated continuously. OBJECTIVE: To register and compile the results of patch the ig throughout the country and to compare the positivity ard trend with those of previous study. METHODS: Standard patch testings were performed using irachamper on Scanpor tape. The results were analysed by a personal computer program. RESULTS: A total of 2326 patch tested cases(male 539, female 1787) were compiled and analysed. The highest ag distribution was 3rd decade. As the job distribution, housewives and office workers were the mast frequent consisting 33.4% and 12.1% respectively. The face was the most frequently affected site comprising 49.6%. The highesteritization rates were foud with nickel(17.9%), cobalt(13.8%), fragrance mix(12.9%), potass ur dichromate(11.3%), ammoniated mercury(8.7%), neoaycin(7.2%). The lowest positivity inclured black rubber mix(1.0%), primin (1.2%), ethylenediarnine(1.3%), carba mix(1.4%), While nicel epoxy resin and 4-t-butylphenol formaldehyde resin showed increased reactivities, PPD, bacrubber mix, balsam of Peru, quaternium 15, ammceniatct mercury and captan showd a deceased tendency when compared with those of previous study. CONCLUSION: The large scale studies of epidemiology in cortat dermatitis have been performed and they need to be updated and analysed consecutively in the future.
Captan ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact* ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Korea* ; Microcomputers ; Patch Tests ; Peru ; Rubber

Pheochromocytoma was usually derived from adrenal medulla or chromaffin cells in or about sympathetic ganglia, and manifested several symptoms and signs by producing, storing, secreting catecholamine. This tumor frequently presented various symptoms such as paroxysmal or persistent hypertension, headache, sweating, palpitation. EKG abnormalities, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction have been reported in cardiovascular systems. We experienced two cases of pheochromocytoma associated with myocardial infarction Two patients presented typical cardiac enzyme patterns and regional wall motion abnormalities on ehcocardiography which was compatible with acute myocardial infarction. However, these patients showed normal coronary artery on coronary angiograpy. Urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolites were elevated and pheochromocytoma was found on right adrenal gland. After the removal of pheochromocytoma, urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolities, regional wall motion abnormalities on echocardiography and blood pressure were normalized.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Medulla ; Angina Pectoris ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cardiovascular System ; Chromaffin Cells ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocarditis ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Sweat ; Sweating