Glomus tumor is a painful small subcutaneous mass as described by William Wood in 1812. Although seen infrequently and difficult to diagnose, the tumor has been interest to the profession for many years. The normal glomus is an end-organ apparatus which is a remarkable arteriovenous anastomosis functioning without an intermediary capillary bed. Distributed widely over the surface of the body in the deepest layer of the corium or in the stratum reticuiare of the skin, it is most abundant at the distal ends of the extremities. The main function of the glomus body is to aid in the regulation of the skin circulation and, therefore, the peripheral blood pressure and temperature. Glomus tumor represents a hypertrophy of the normal glomus. The gross appearance is that of small soft encapsulated tumor, pink or purple in color, almost always less than one centimeter in diameter if it is located subungually. The microscopic appearance of the tumor closely resembles that of normal glomus, the principal difference being a marked increase in the number of glomal cells (epithelioid cells) and nonmyelinated nerves. Glomus tumor may occur at any age but is most frequent in the middle age of life. Pain, tenderness and temperature sensitivity are the classic triad of symptoms. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for the glomus tumors. Successful removal of the tumor leads to complete relief of pain and return to normal function. This paper is aimed to report on our experience with 3 cases of subungual glomus tumor which were successfully treated by complete excision and to review the literature.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Extremities ; Glomus Tumor ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Middle Aged ; Skin ; Wood

Behcet syndrom is a chronic systemic disease developing recurrent oral and genital ulceration, ocular inflammation, arthritis and neurological manifestations. Anterior uveitis and occlusive retinal vasculitis are the most commom ocular manifestation of Behcet syndrome. A 29 years old Korean male with abducens palsy (6th cranial nerve palsy) was found to have oral aphthae, genital ulcer, skin lesion and other neurological manifestations (weakness and sensory loss of lower extremeties, ataxic gait, speech disturbance and urinary difficulty), but he had neither ocular manifestation such as uveitis nor retinal vasculitis.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Behcet Syndrome ; Cranial Nerves ; Gait ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paralysis* ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Skin Ulcer ; Stomatitis, Aphthous ; Ulcer ; Uveitis ; Uveitis, Anterior

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV) is a congnital abnormality of the embryonic intraocular vasculature, resulting from the failure of regression of the primary vitreous in a full-term infant. PHPV is usually unilateral and characterized by leukocoria, elongated ciliary process, microphthalmia, cataract, rubeosis iridis, shallow anterior chamber, and secondary glaucoma. PHPV finally develops into retinal detachment, intractable glaucoma, and pthisis bulbi. Surgical treatment, involving lensectomy and vitrectomy, is not successful and poor visual result is obtained due to retinal abnormalities. A one-month-old girl was found to have persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous in both eyes, and she expired of unknown etiology at home 2 months after diagnosls.
Anterior Chamber ; Cataract ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Infant ; Microphthalmos ; Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous* ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy

Recently hang-back recession is chosen instead of conventional recession to get better result in strabismus surgery. Jampolsky method, a popular method of hang-back recession, has some draw-backs; the extraocular muscle width can be decreased, the center of the muscle can be sagging posteriorly, and the amount of recession can be somewhat shortened than expected in operation. Accordingly, we devised a new modified hang-back recession and compared with Jampolsky method. Two months after respective operation in 7 albino rabbits, the width of the muscle comparing to preoperative condition, the amount of recession, and the sagging of middle part of the muscle were evalvated in comparison with the preoperative findings. The width of muscles was significantly shortened in Jampolsky method in comparison with preoperative condition (p<0.05), but not in our new method (p>0.05). The amount of recession by Jampolsky method was significantly shortened than expected in operation (p<0.05), but not by our new method (p>0.10). The significant sagging of the muscle was found with Jampolsky method (p<0.05), but not with our modified method (p>O.lO). In review of these findings, our new method is devoid of some draw backs of Jampolsky method.
Muscles ; Rabbits ; Strabismus

The angle kappa is defined as the angle between the optical axis and the visual axis. A positive angle kappa may simulate an exodeviation, while a negative angle kappa may simulate an esodeviation. It is measured by several methods, and ranges from 2 to 5 degrees. A 19 year old Korean male was seen in our clinic complaining of exodeviation OS, but he was found to have an esotropia OD with large positive angle kappa.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Esotropia* ; Exotropia* ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

The angle kappa is defined as the angle between the optical axis and the visual axis. A positive angle kappa may simulate an exodeviation, while a negative angle kappa may simulate an esodeviation. It is measured by several methods, and ranges from 2 to 5 degrees. A 19 year old Korean male was seen in our clinic complaining of exodeviation OS, but he was found to have an esotropia OD with large positive angle kappa.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Esotropia* ; Exotropia* ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study aimed to find out whether there are relationships among anatomic characteristics of inferior oblique muscle insertion, corneal diameter, axial length and inferior oblique recession landmark. METHODS: Thirty-one Korean cadaver orbits were dissected to expose the full length of extraocular muscles and sclera, and then we measured the length from the recession landmark of inferior oblique to the lateral edge of insertion of inferior rectus and to the inferior edge of insertion of lateral rectus. RESULTS: The mean of angles between the inferior oblique muscle insertion and lateral rectus direction is 27.9+/-9.0degrees and the range is from 15 degrees to 50 degrees . There is a statistically significant correlation between cord length of 8 mm recession landmark of inferior oblique and angles of inferior oblique insertion with lateral rectus direction. We divided the shapes of inferior oblique insertion into straight and convexed curves. Twelve insertions are straight and thirteen insertions are curved. There is no statistically significant correlation between shape of inferior oblique insertion and cord length from recession landmark. In corneal diameter and axial length, we found correlations with cord length of 8 mm and 10 mm recession landmark of inferior oblique. CONCLUSIONS: We conclud that there are some correlations among anatomic characteristics, axial length and corneal diameter with recession landmark of inferior oblique.
Cadaver ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Sclera

No abstract available.
Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Connective Tissue Cells/drug effects/metabolism ; Endothelin-1/*biosynthesis ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/*pharmacology

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*

The 4,725 cattle in the enzootic region, 6 counties of southern Korea, were surveyed for besnoitiosis epidemiologically by examining the scleral conjunctiva for the cysts and the following results were obtained. The survey showed that 285 cattle, representing 6 per cent of a total of 4,725 cattle examined had S.C. cysts. Only 49 (14 per cent) of them showed clinical sclerodermatitis and the ratio between clinical and inapparent cases was 1:5.8. On age distribution of the S.C. positive cases the highest incidence(10-12 per cent) was seen in amimals that were from 5 to 8 years of age, but clinically apparent cases occurred much more in younger age of animal. In local incidence of S.C. cysts positive cases the prevalence was higher in the secluded districts such as Koheung and Sancheoung counties(9 per cent).
parasitology-besnoitiosis ; epidemiology ; prevalence rate ; scleral conjunctiva cyst