With the increasingly more serious environmental pollution in China in recent years, effective intervention with PM25-induced health risks has become a major scientific issue to be addressed urgently in medical research field in China. NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are a family of cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors that have critical roles in innate immunity. On the basis of study progresses in international cardiovascular disease research "Fine particulate matter exposure is a modifiable risk factor for the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases", and with reference to the current understanding of pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in PM2.5-induced acute coronary syndrome, this study intended to investigate whether intracellular pattern recognition NL-RP3 plays a important role in the inital event of PM2.5 induced vessel inflammation as a foreign matter in the process of plaque destabilization and to thoroughly explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for PM2.5-induced acute cardiovascular events. On the other hand, it also studies the feasibility of using traditional Chinese medicine to treat plaque destabilization cause by PM2.5 exposure and discuss it's pathogenesis and intervention strategy based on TCM theory. This paper in order to provide scientific basis for social focal issues in public health proactively and offers the references for relevant research.
Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; Animals ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; mortality

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, morphological characteristics, immunophenotype, and differential diagnosis of goblet cell adenocarcinoma (GCA) in the digestive system. Methods: The clinicopathological data, morphological characteristics, immunophenotypes of 22 cases of GCA in the digestive system diagnosed from January 2010 to January 2021 were collected. Meanwhile, 25 cases of neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) and 24 cases of adenocarcinoma were used as controls. Relevant literature was also reviewed. Results: There were 16 males and 6 females, aged from 36 to 79 years with an average of 56 years. The anatomical sites of the 22 GCA were mostly appendix (17 cases) and occasionally extra-appendix (5 cases), including 3 cases in stomach, 1 case in duodenum and 1 case in anal. All 17 cases of appendiceal GCA were pure GCA. Among the 5 cases of extra-appendiceal GCA, One case of gastric GCA was pure, two cases of gastric GCA with NEN or adenocarcinoma, duodenal GCA with NEN and adenocarcinoma, anal GCA with NEN.Low-grade GCAs were composed of goblet, Paneth and neuroendocrine cells, which were arranged in intestinal crypt tubular or cluster structures and distributed in the wall of digestive system. The tubular and cluster structures lacked adhesion. Goblet cells were columnar, located in the base, with clear cytoplasm, small nuclei, inconspicuous atypia, and uncommon mitoses. Extracellular mucus and signet-ring cells with nuclear variations could be seen in some cases. Nerve fiber bundle invasion and tumor thrombus in vessels were often present. High-grade GCAs lacked tubular and cluster structures, and their histological structures were more complex. Tumor cells expressed mixed neuroendocrine and glandular epithelial markers. Similar to the expression patterns of synaptophysin and chromogranin A, CD200 and INSM1 were also dot-like or patch-positive in GCA. Conclusions: GCA is an infrequent tumor of the digestive system and shows the bi-directional differentiation characteristics of neuroendocrine and glandular epithelium. Accurate diagnosis and staging are related to its prognosis.
Adenocarcinoma/pathology* ; Appendiceal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Carcinoid Tumor/surgery* ; Chromogranin A ; Female ; Goblet Cells/pathology* ; Humans ; Male ; Neuroendocrine Tumors/pathology* ; Repressor Proteins ; Synaptophysin

This study was aimed to investigate the clinical manifestation, pathological features, treatment and related prognosis factors of primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma (PMLBCL). The clinical data of 29 PMLBCL patients admitted in Peking University First Hospital were summarized and the related factors were analyzed retrospectively from January 2000 to November 2013. The results showed that 29 patients with the median age 32 were all pathologically diagnosed as PMLBCL. The main clinical features included mediastinal bulk mass (72.4%), superior vena caval syndrome (51.7%), dyspnea (62.1%), serous membrane fluid (48.3%), with 62.1% extranodal invasion and 62.1% extra-thoracic involvement. According to Ann-Arbor stage, 16 patients (55.1%) were classified to stage I/II and 13 patients (44.9%) to stage III/IV, 12 patients (41.4%) had B symptoms. Among the 29 patients, 2 patients failed to be followed and the others were followed for the median time of 29 months, 17 patients achieved CR, 5 patients achieved PR, 1 patient replaced and 4 patients died of disease progression. The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) was 85.2%, in which RCHOEP regimen group patients had OS 94.4% and CHOEP group patients had OS 75%; 8 patients underwent auto-HSCT and 1 patients underwent allo-HSCT who kept in CR state. Univariate analysis by log-rank test showed albumin level and LDH ≥ 2ULN, the initial therapy response and IPI score were prognostic factors , but neither were independent prognostic factors by Cox Regression Model. It is concluded that PMLBCL has distinct clinical features. RCHOEP chemotherapy regimen can achieve satisfactory results, but needs to be explored by further clinical trials.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Mediastinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical manifestations pathologic features, treatment options and prognosis of patients with bone lymphoma. METHODS: The clinical characteristics, pathologic features, treatment and prognosis of 34 BL patients diagnosed by histopathologic method or/and PET-CT and treated in first hospital of peking university from January 2004 to April 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The median age of 34 BL patients was 56 years old, the male and female ratio was 1.43∶1 (24 /10). Among 34 patients, the patients with primary bone lymphoma(PBL) were 8 cases, the patients with secondary bone lymphoma(SBL) was 26 cases, the PBL and SBL ratio was 0.31∶1. Bone lymphoma lacks typical systemic symptoms, and its onset began mostly from bone pain and pathologic bone fracture. The most frequent pathological type of bone lymphoma in our study was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), accounting for 55.88%. At present, the conventional treatment for bone lymphoma includes chemotherapy, or chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and surgery, as well as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The average and median OS time of BL patients were 349 years and 3 years respectively, meanwhile the OS rate for three years and two years were 56.25% and 78.16%, respectively. Factors that affect survival of BL patients were PBL and SBL classification, pathological type, blood LDH level, and treatment methods. CONCLUSION Bone lymphoma is usually concealed onset，an adequate and adequate combination therapy can improve the survival rate and transplantation therapy plays an important role. Primary bone lymphoma is rare, the prognosis of patients with primary bone lymphoma is good, whereas the prognosis of patients with secondary bone lymphoma is poor.
Bone Neoplasms ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies