The tibia is the most commoniy fractured of all the long bones of the body. Recently, the incidence of shaft fractured of tibia has risen as a result of rapid increase in automobile accidents, industrial accidents and other sports injuries. Fracture of the tibial shaft is extremely difficult to treat and a greater incidence of osteomyelitis, delayed union and nonunion of bone than in those of the full length of the tibia surface is throat, open fracture is more frequent in this bone than in any other major bones. Two hundred eighty patients (293 cases) of the fracture of tibial shaft were treated and managed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital from May, 1975 to December, 1977. The results were as follows: 1. The rate of fracture union was accelarated under the age of 20 years but it was slow in aged group. 2. A better prognosis (fracture union) was shown in proximal one third of the tibia than middle one third and lower one third of the tibia. 3. According to the classification of Ellis, the higher delayed and nonunion rate was shown in major severity group than moderate and minor severity group. 4. A better prognosis of the fracture type was shown in the spiral and oblique fracture than in the transverse, comminuted and segmental fractures. 5. Open fracture of the tibia united later than closed fracture, especially in positive culture sensitivity test. 6. There was a prolonged rate of union about 2 weeks in cases of associated fibula fracture. 7. The proper time of weight bearing of the shaft fracture of the tibia was helpful in fracture union. 8. A better prognosis was shown in the non-operative treatment than operative treatment, especially in PTB cast after long leg cast.
Accidents, Occupational ; Athletic Injuries ; Automobiles ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Fibula ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leg ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis ; Pharynx ; Prognosis ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Proteinuria*

A case of pigmented villonodular synovitis developed in the right ankle joint is reported. The patient was a 25 years old house wife who had complained marked swelling and tenderness over the anterolateral aspect of the right ankle for 2 years. Roentgenological studies showed marked swelling of the ankle joint and erosion of the neck of the talus. Synovectomy of the affected joint was performed. The tumor mass, measuring about 7cm×5cm×2cm in size, was yellowish brown in colour, elastic and soft in consistency, and contained several well encapsulated nodules.
Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Humans ; Joints ; Neck ; Spouses ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Talus

The altered hemodynamics of arteriovenous fistul lead to overvascularization with trophic hypertrophy of a part or ulceration and tissue necrosis following local circulatory decompensation. A twenty years old female had been suffered from chronic ulcerative dermatitis on the dorsal aspect of left foot and multiple hemangioma on ber left great toe. The ligation of main communicating vessel and excision of fistula masses were performed in the surgical treatment. The ulceration on the dorsal aspect of left foot was healed completely and the size of hemangioma was reduced.
Arteriovenous Fistula ; Dermatitis ; Female ; Fistula ; Foot ; Hemangioma ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Ligation ; Necrosis ; Toes ; Ulcer

The simultaneous ipsilateral fractures of the arm and forearm are relatively rare and there is no exact method of treatment for these fractures. Authors has clinically analized 37 cases of these fractures which are treated between September, 1973 and May, 1987 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine. The results can be summarized as follows. l. Among 440 patients with humeral fracture, there were associated fractures of the ipsilateral forearm bone in 69 patients (13. 4%). 2. The main cause of these fracture was traffic accident and the next one was fell from a height. 3. The most frequently associated injury was nerve paralysis. 4. The methods of treatment were classified as follows . 1 st method Both arm and forearm were treated by internal fixation (32.1%). 2nd method The arm was treated by internal fixation and the forearm by conservative method (11.8%). 3rd method The arm was treated by conservative method and the forearm by in- ternal fixation (11.8%). 4rdmethod Both arm and forearm were treated by conservative method (44. 3%). 5. By Andersons criteria, excellent and satisfactory results were obtained in 47. 1% of cases which were treated by mainly 1 st method.
Accidents, Traffic ; Arm ; Forearm ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis

The aims of this study are to gain adequate treatment and prevention of injury. We have undertaken a study of 115 (185 cases) unselected Hanyang University players (foot ball, base ball, basket ball and Volley ball) from Jan. 1975 to Dec. 1977. The results were as follows: 1. The first grade showes high frequency in injury. 2. The injuries of extremities are more of ten than head and trunk. 3. The order of frequency of injury is as follows; foot ball, base ball, basket ball and volley ball. 4. Contusion is most frequent in foot ball but sprain in oters. 5. The highest incidence of players were forward in foot ball, pitcher in base ball, center in basket ball and st riker in volley ball. 6. Many injuries are developed during jumping and running. 7. Hard training and overwork showes high frequency in cause of injury. 8. The six (5.6%) patients can not return to playing.
Athletic Injuries ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Extremities ; Foot ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Running ; Sports ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Prognosis*

This study aimed to investigate the existence of GABA receptor and the mechanisms of action of GABA and diazepam of the trachealis muscle isolated from dog. Horizontal muscle strips of 2mm×15mm were prepared from canine trachea, and isometric myography in isolated muscle chamber bubbled with 95/5%-O₂/CO₂ at 36℃, at the pH of 7.4 was performed. Muscle strips contracted responding to the electrical field stimulation (ESP) by 2~20 Hz, 20 msec, monophasic square wave of 60 VDC. GABA and diazepam suppressed the EFS-induced contractions to the similar extent, significantly. (p<0.05). Bicuculline, a GABA(A) receptor antagonist blocked both GABA- and diazepam-inhibitions; but DAVA, a GABA(B) receptor antagoinst did not affect either of them. These results suggest than in the canine trachealis muscle, there may be only GABA(A) receptor, and GABA and diazepam inhibit the contractility via GABA(A) receptor.
Animals ; Bicuculline ; Diazepam ; Dogs ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Myography ; Receptors, GABA ; Receptors, GABA-A ; Trachea

Many injuries of the hand have been occured in these days because of frequent industrial hazards and frequent handling of tools in modern civilizing life. A voluminous amount of literature has been recently concerned with many problems and questions posed by tendon surgery. Many investigations have been devoted to discussion of suture materials, tendon suturing, grafting, healing, rate of healing, nutrition and related clinical and laboratory endeavors. Because of these efforts, the designation of Zone II as“no man's land” is no longer significant and should be called “skilled man's land”. With regard to to secondary reconstructive surgery, in cases without much scarring and few associated lesions, we routinely select the one-stage graft and use early motion in the postoperative programs. This paper aimed to review our experience with 215 patients with flexor tendon injuries in hand who were treated with primary repair or tendon graft with average follow up of 8.5 months from June, 1973 to May, 1987 and the following results were obtained. 1. The most frequent site of injury was Zone V. 2. The over all end result of primary repair was satisfactory in 86.5% by White and Kleinert criteria. 3. The over all end result of tendon graft in Zone Il was satisfactory in 51.0% by White and Kleinert criteria. 4. In Zone lI, primary repair obtained satisfactory result in 36.4% but the tendon graft obtained satisfactory result in 51.0%. 5. In tendon graft, the preoperative stste was supposed to have close relation to postoperative result and the duration from injury to graft was supposed to have little relation to postoperative results. 6. In primary repair, the cases using Bunnells suture technique obtained satisfactory result in 85.1% and the cases using modified Kesslers suture technique obtained satisfactory result in 91.2%.
Cicatrix ; Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Transplants

The determination of motor nerve conduction velocity is an important part to electrodiagnosis. Its value as neurophysiologic investigative procedure has been known for many years, and recently it has been utilized as a chinical diagnostic technic. Its most valuable role is differentiating between those conditions which affect the axon primarily and those which affect the anterior horn cell. Many factors such as temperature in the vicinity of the nerve, diameter of the axon, degree of myelinization, age of the patient, local environment of the nerve and intensity of electrical stimulation have been demonstrated to affect the rate of propagation of impulses along motor fibers. Pathologic conditions affecting the axon usually alter the excitability along involved segments and, therefore, result in reduced conduction velocity. The purpose of this study was to determine the normal data of the motor nerve conduction velocities of median, ulnar, tibial and peroneal nerves in Korean. 1. The motor nerve conduction velocities of median, ulnar, peroneal and tibial nerves were 61.54±6.95 (46.7–94.2) m/sec, 61.74±7.28 (45.6–95.0)m/sec, 48.80±5.54 (38.8–69.9) m/sec, 47.39±4.85 (36.2–64.2 m/sec respectively. 2. The condition velocity in the upper extremities has been found 13.5 m/sec faster than in the lower extremities. 3. A significant decline in motor nerve conduction velocities was noted in the over 60 year old age group. 4. There were significant differences between the sexes.
Anterior Horn Cells ; Axons ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodiagnosis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Myelin Sheath ; Neural Conduction ; Peroneal Nerve ; Tibial Nerve ; Upper Extremity