Implementation of examination, sight test and interviews of 102 third class pupils of Hoang Van Thu, Phuc Tan and Nghia Dung primary schools in Hanoi city. The results: 32.3% of pupils are myopic, in which mainly are newly myopic. Only 15.2% are serious myopic (> 3 diops). Criterions as illumination power, average surface of class/pupil, dimension of furniture, of backboard come up to the standard, but there are some difficulties between schools, especially frequency of using furniture. School health services are existed but poor quality. Some concerning risk fastors as time of extra-school, playing game, watching television, sitting posture, physical activities and tireness of pupils after school time are not yet concluded but manifested clearly in myopic pupil group
Myopia ; Pupil ; Child

The study was conducted on workers in Na Duong coal mine, Lang Son province to investigate the working environment, health status and diseases. The results showed that working environment was contaminated by toxics that were above allowed limits, such as high silic dust level. Some common diseases were ear-nose-throat diseases, accounting for 77.2%, eye diseases 39.9%, digestion 17.8%, heart diseases 15.1%, and respiratory diseases 14.1%. Among respiratory diseases, silic dust-related one was significant. The rate in the mine neighborhood area was 10% and at the working site was 11%. Coal mine workers’ health was a little below the average compared with other domestic manufacturing sectors, nobody had health status at level I.
Environment ; Health ; Coal Mining

Background: In the procedure of tendon transfer to treat low radial nerve palsy, recovering movement amplitude for toes is not difficult. It is more important to select the appropriate motive muscle. Previously, pillar muscle was commonly used as motivation for stretching fingers, but many authors opposed this because it\u2019s affecting the function of the hand. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical features of low radial nerve palsy and the outcomes of the treatment of non-recoverable low radial nerve palsy by Smith's procedure of tendon transfer. Subjects and methods: 36 patients suffering from irreversible low radial nerve palsy were treated by Smith's procedure of tendon transfer from Jan 2000 to Jan 2008. Mean follow-up was 23 months. Outcomes assessment was based on Tajima's criteria. Results: All 30 patients were satisfied with the operation and were greatly improved both their functional and aesthetic aspects. In term of biomechanics, the Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) is more suitable for reconstruction of the Extensor Digitorum Communis (EDC) in comparison with the flexor carpi ulnaris (FeU) or the power density spectrum. The patients showed good movements of the wrist and fingers/ the thumb moved independently with satisfactory extension and abduction/ the grip strength was rapidly improving. Conclusions: The use of the FCR for reconstruction of the EDC is a suitable choice and Smith's procedure of tendon transfer is a good procedure for the treatment of irreversible radial nerve palsy.
procedure of tendon transfer ; Non-recoverable low radial nerve palsy

The optimal condition for Moringa oleifera root barks extraction was determined using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken Design. The actual optimal condition of the factors was 65 o C, ethanol 60%, 40 (mL/g) liquid-to-solid ratio with 240 minutes extraction time. The enrichment of phenolic compounds sharply affected the antioxidant, and inhibitions of α-amylase enzyme, as well as, the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract from M. oleifera root barks. The extract in the optimal condition exhibited better 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and α-amylase inhibitory activities than those of positive controls.Also, the extract showed weak hydroxyl free radical scavenging and nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory effects. These revealed a simple and promising method for the preparation of bioactive products from the root bark of M. oleifera.

Objectives: Osteoporotic fracture is a significant public health burden associated with increased mortality risk and substantial healthcare costs. Accurate and early identification of high-risk individuals and mitigation of their risks is a core part of the treatment and prevention of fractures. Here we introduce a digital tool called 'BONEcheck' for personalized assessment of bone health. Methods: The development of BONEcheck primarily utilized data from the prospective population-based Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study and the Danish Nationwide Registry. BONEcheck has 3 modules: input data, risk estimates, and risk context. Input variables include age, gender, prior fracture, fall incidence, bone mineral density (BMD), comorbidities, and genetic variants associated with BMD. Results: Based on the input variables, BONEcheck estimates the probability of any fragility fracture and hip fracture within 5 years, subsequent fracture risk, skeletal age, and time to reach osteoporosis. The probability of fracture is shown in both numeric and human icon array formats. The risk is also contextualized within the framework of treatment and management options on Australian guidelines, with consideration given to the potential fracture risk reduction and survival benefits. Skeletal age was estimated as the sum of chronological age and years of life lost due to a fracture or exposure to risk factors that elevate mortality risk. Conclusions BONEcheck is an innovative tool that empowers doctors and patients to engage in wellinformed discussions and make decisions based on the patient's risk profile. Public access to BONEcheck is available via https://bonecheck.org and in Apple Store (iOS) and Google Play (Android).

Objectives: The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a “social vaccine” that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnamfrom December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (usingthe 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions. Results: Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD.Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63–2.12; p < 0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p = 0.001). Compared to those without long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99; p = 0.001). Conclusion Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.

Background: Hypertension is a common disease in adults, also the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. The prevalence of hypertension has increased, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, hypertension screening is important to provide the basis and evidence for the development of timely intervention policies and programs. The objective of the “May Measurement Month” 2022 program is to investigate the prevalence of hypertension, drug treatment and blood pressure control in people in Thua Thien Hue province and to assess the risk factors surrounding hypertension. Subjects and Methods: This cross–sectional study collected data from volunteer adults (≥ 18 years old) in Thua Thien Hue province from 7/2022 to 8/2022. Sitting blood pressure had been measured in triplicate according to standardized specified methods of the International Society of Hypertension. Results: Average age 54.07 ± 18.17, there were 627 people (23.4%) with hypertension at the time of screening, 245 of which (39.1%) had never been diagnosed with hypertension before screening at the time. 724 people were on treatment with 1 or more types of drug, however, there were 337 people (46.5%) having their blood pressure not controlled. The statistics showed that 84.9% of volunteers were using at least 1 drug to treat hypertension. Related factors of hypertension are age, sex, overweight/obesity status, smoking, medical history of diabetes and medical history of COVID-19. The rate of subjects who had history of COVID-19 was 36.4%, including 31.6% of hypertension patients. Conclusion: The hypertension percentage of Thua Thien Hue population is still high and the rate of blood pressure control is still limited. There is a relationship between hypertension proportion and history of COVID-19. It is necessary to publish timely intervention measures to reduce the rate of hypertension and its risks to people.