The human neutrophil antigens (HNA) are often targets of granulocyte antibodies causing immune neutropenia. Typing for HNA is useful in a veriety of clinical situations. The author developed a method for genotyping for HNA-1 by means of the PCR ampification with sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) technique. The typing results were available within 5 hours each time for one blood sample tested. In 61 granulocytes samples, the gen frequencies were 64.7% for HNA-1a and 35.2% for HNA-1b. The HNA-1a gene is more frequent in the Kinh population than the HNA-1b
Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Antigens ; Neutropenia ; Antibodies

Located on the platelet membrane surface, human platelet specific antigens (HPAs) are related to alloimmune thrombocytopenic syndromes. The frequencies of HPA genes vary between different populations. In this study, the author initially identified HPA gene frequencies of Kinh population which are living in the Centre of Vietnam by polymerase chain reaction with specific sequence primers (PCR-SSP). The frequencies observed are following: 0.977, 0.023, 0.000 for HPA-1a/a, HPA-1b/b; 0.827, 0.161, 0.011 for HPA-2a/a, HPA-2a/b, HPA-2b/b; 0.276, 0.552, 0.173 for HPA-3a/a, HPA-3a/b, HPA-3b/b; 0.920, 0.080, 0.000 for HPA-5a/a, HPA-5a/b, HPA-5b/b. respectively. For HPA-4, all 87 donor samples presented HPA-4a/a
Antigens, Human Platelet ; Blood Platelets ; blood ; Vietnam

Diseases caused by dioxine include mainly various types of cancers and p53 is one important gene in carcinogenesis-suppressing gene family. Objectives: This research's goal is detecting p53 gene's ratio in the high risk group of exposure to dioxine. Methods: In this study we detected p53 ratio in 50 cases in the group of high risk of exposure to dioxine and the control group of 30 cases. Gene p53 was detected by PCR technique. Results: The study showed that in the control group (no exposure to dioxine), p53 prevalence is 100% compared with 82% in high - risk group (p <0.05). Conclusions: p53 was not detected in 18% of the group of high risk exposure to dioxin, suggesting that there were serious damages in p53 gene (deletion...)
Genes, p53

We conducted data analysis on infection rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodifficiency virus (HIV) in paid blood donors and volunteers at National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from 2003 to June 2005. The results showed that by using HBsAg quick test for pre-screening donors, the number of blood units infected with HBV decreased considerably from 7.13% in 2003 to 2.89% in 2004 then to 1.2% in 2005. The highest reduction was in the volunteer group. The prevalence of HCV and HIV in the donors was still low and consistent with those of previous years (HCV = 1% and HIV = 0.1%). Finally, the rate of HCV co-infection in HIV-positive donors was quite common (69%) and higher than the rate of HBV co-infection in HIV positive donors (1.92%).
Blood Donors ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepacivirus ; HIV

Chlamydia trachomatis has been shown to induce reactive arthritis in people, especially after sexually acquired genitourinary infection. To determine the connection between Chlamydia trachomatis with reactive arthritis, in this study we examined antigen Chlamydia trachomatis lipopolysarcaride. Antibody IgG, and DNA of chlamydia trachomatis were investigated in samples (urine, serum, and synovial fluid) from 52 patients were diagnosed and treated in Rheumatology Department, Bach Mai Hospital from August 2001 to August 2003. As results we found that 38.5% urine samples positve with antigen LPS. Antibody IgG positive in 44.2% of serum samples and in 34.6% of synovial fluid samples. Special DNA of Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 53.2% of synovial fluid samples and in 42.2% of urine samples positive. This results will contribute to determine the role of DNA-Chlamydia trachomatis in reactive arthritis diagnosis.
Chlamydia trachomatis, Diagnosis , Arthritis, Polymerase Chain Reaction

Background: \u03b2-thalassemia is a hereditary disease caused by disorder in \u03b2-globin chain synthesis process. In this research, multiplex-PCR was used in combination with blood chemistry assays and clinical symptoms to detect \u03b2-globin mutations. Objectives: (1) to identify the \u03b2-thalassemia mutation spectrum in the North of Vietnam; (2) to determine the relation between biochemistry values and types of mutations. Subject and methods: Blood samples collected from 60 pediatric patients were used in screening assays (hemoglobin counting, red blood cell counting, hematocrit\ufffd? and multiplex-PCR to detect 6 point mutations with high prevalence in the region. Results: \r\n', u'(1) Of 60 blood samples collected from pediatric patients, 30 (50%) had mutation in codon 17 (A\u2192T), 6 (10%) had a frameshift mutation in codons 41/42 and 4 (6%) had both types of these mutations; (2) The average onset time in patients with FS 41/42 mutation was earlier than that of patients with codon 17 (A\u2192T) mutation, whereas transfusion interval did not differ significantly among these patients; (3) Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was lower in patients with homozygous mutations (\u03b2o) (average 64.8) than in those with heterozygous mutations (\u03b2+) (average 72.7). Conclusions: (1) multiplex-PCR is an effective technique in identifying the mutation spectrum of \u03b2-globin gene in the North of Vietnam; (2) Biochemistry assays should be associated with molecular techniques in diagnose of \u03b2-thalassemia\r\n', u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
beta-Thalassemia ; Thalassemia ; Genetic Diseases ; Inborn ; Mutation

Background: Patients who received multiple transfusions of blood and blood products may produce antibodies against antigens of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets etc, resulting in many clinical implications. Objectives: To detect frequencies of antineutrophil antibodies in multitransfused patients at National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion (NIHBT). Subjects and methods: The study was conducted on 30 multitransfused patients. Among them there were 12 with thrombocytopenia and 18 with aplastic anemia. Results: 6 cases had anti - neutrophil antibodies, of which 5 had more than 5 times of transfusion, 4 with aplastic anemia and 2 with thrombocytopenia. The sera were further tested with neutrophil panel, revealing 4 samples with anti - NA 1 (13.3%) and 1 sample with anti - NA2 (3.3%). The frequency of anti - neutrophil antibodies in multitransfused patients at IHBT in the study is 20%. Conclusion: Frequency of anti-NA1 was higher than anti-NA2 in multitransfused patients at NIHBT and directly proportional by frequency of NA1 and NA2 antigens in this group. The technical process to identify and classify antineutrophil antibodies in this study can be applied for patients who received multiple transfusions of blood and blood products in Viet Nam
Anemia ; Aplastic/ blood ; complications ; pathology ; Neutrophils

Background: Anti \ufffd?HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) antibody is result of immunization in allotransplantation. Organ transplantation is one of the great scientific achievements of the medicine. However, it is difficult to have the perfect harmony of HLA group. Inevitable consequence is the graft will be eliminated by the immune process. In Vietnam, organ transplantation was a relatively new specialty and there was not much research on evaluation immune process after transplantation. Objectives: To determine the rate of present of anti \ufffd?HLA antibody on transplant patients, and the role of post \ufffd?transplant anti \ufffd?HLA antibodies on long \ufffd?term graft function. Subjects and method: ELISA technique was used to analysis 31 blood samples of 31 patients who were transplanted organs at 103 military hospital and Cho Ray hospital from May 2000 to July 2007. This was a retrospective and described cross-sectional study on theclinical records. Results:The rate of anti \ufffd?HLA antibodies was 35.5%. The present of anti \ufffd?HLA antibodies of transplant patients had negative impact on graft function. Conclusion: The detection of anti \ufffd?HLA antibodies by ELISA in the post transplant period may be a high confident and sensitive technique for follows up graft function.
Organ Transplantation/ contraindications ; HLA Antigens ; Antibodies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ;

Background: Bcr/abl fusion gene plays an important role in diagnosing and treating chronic myelogenous leukemia. Objective: to detect fusion genes: b3a2, b2a2, b3a3, b2a3 and e1a2 in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia by using Nested RT - PCR technique. Subjects and methods: Peripheral blood samples were analyzed by Nested RT - PCR assay from 30 adult patients. Results: 28/30 patients showed bcr/abl fusions gene; among them 20/30 patients showed b3a2 fusions gene, 5/30 patients showed b2a2 fusions gene, 2/30 patients showed co-expression of the b3a2 and b2a2. 1/30 showed e1a2; 2/30 patients showed negative fusion gene. Count of leukocytes and platelets of patients with b3a2 fusion genes were 311.3 G/l and 597.5 G/l, respectively and of patients with b2a2 fusion genes were 136.7 G/l and 333 G/l, respectively. Conclusion: Most of patients showed b3a2 fusion gene, while remaining showed b2a2 transcripts or the co-expression of the b3a2, only one case showed e1a2 fusion gene, two patients showed negative fusion gene. There was no case which showed b3a3 or b2a3 fusion gene. Nested RT assay should be used to determine bcr/abl fusion genes for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Leukemia ; Myelogenous ; Chronic ; BCR-ABL Positive/ blood ; pathology

Background: Nucleic acid testing (NAT) has been widely used for transfusion - transmitted infection screening at blood banks all over the world to reduce window period, yet the assay has not been implemented in Vietnam. Objective: Using and evaluating cost - effectiveness of NAT in screening HIV, HCV, HBV in blood \r\n', u'donors. Subjects and methods: The study was carried out on 9392 blood donors at National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from Jan to May 2007 who were HIV, HCV, HBV negative with ELISA. Plasma from donors was pooled (pool size of 8) and tested with UItrio Procleix HIV - 1, HCV, HBV (Chiton). Results: These 9392 plasma samples were pooled into 1174 pool samples to perform NAT. Among 1174 pooled samples, there was only 1 case with negative ELISA - Reactive NAT. The sample was determined as response with probe HCV. From there, one of eight pool samples was identified responding to probe HCV and it was more likely to have been missed in the window period when screened by ELISA.Conclusion: The sample should be further tested with HCV qualitative and quantitative testing to confirm the status of infection. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
HIV ; Hepatitis B virus/drug effects ; Hepacivirus ; Blood Donors