Acute digitalization with ouabain were performed 28 times in 20 intact Mongrel dogs, who were devided into four groups : i.e. 1) Control group; Acute digitalizations were performed to observe the changes of the plasma potassium and sodium concentrations and the concomittent electrocardiographic findings. 2) Group 1;-Electrolyte solution, either KCl or NaCl, was infused during acute digitalization to observe the influences of these ions on the actions of cardiac glycoside, especially arrhythmia producing action. 3) Group 2 ; -The K depleted group and the Na depleted group was each made by the measure of diet control and the usage of oral diuretics to observe the influences of the state of depleted electrolyte (K or Na) on the action of cardiac glycoside during acute digitalization. 4) Group 3 ; -The intravenous infusion of either KCl or NaCl solution was introduced as the cardiac arrhythmia by the ouabain was produced to observe the effects of these ions on the digitalis induced arrhythmia. The results obtained were summarized as follows. (1) The arterial plasma concentration of potassium was increased during acute digitalization. The rise occurred at early stage, and the maximal increase of potassium was observed at the ventricular tachycardia. The average increase was 0.65 mEq/L as compared to control value (p<0.05). The arterial plasma concentration of sodium was reduced during acute digitalization. The fall occurred following the rise of plasma K level. The maximal reduction of sodium was observed after ventricular tachycardia, and the average decrease was 5.2 mEq/L as compared to control value (p<0.05). (2) Rapid increase up to toxic level of the plasma potassium concentration occurred occasionally during acute digitalization in the group with KCl infusion. This result was best explained due to the inhibitory action of cardiac glycoside on the K transport. (3) The interesting change was on T wave, which showed the peaking at late portion. This change occured in 60.6% during digitalization with ouabain, and paralleled mostly, but not consistently and even sometimes inversely, with the shift of plasma potassium concentration. It is tempting to assume that the change of T wave was resulted from an altered potassium gradient across the myocardial cells rather than a ssuming the changes of the plasma K level. (4) Just prior to intoxication, the marked prolongation of PR interval and ST depression were observed in about 70~80% of the cases studied. These changes might be applicable to a clue of the cardiac glycoside overdosage. (5) The intravenous infusion of KCl suppressed markedly the arrhythmia producing action of the cardiac glycoside, and resulted in prompt and dramatic abolishing, of digitalis induced arrhythmia. The intravenous infusion of KCl solution, however, produced A-V block or dissociation occasionally. This finding would be likely resulted from the additive or synergistic action of K and cardiac glycoside in suppressing A-V conducting system. (6) The NaCl infusion affected nothing to the arrhythmia producing action of cardiac glycoside. (7) The K depletion reduced markedly the threshold of the heart to the toxic effects of cardiac glycoside. (8) Potent diuretics in the state of deficient diet would produce clinically significant hypopotassemia and hyponatremia or both. The inducced hypopotassemia may provoke serious cardiac arrhythmia in the digitalized patients or animals.
Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Depression ; Diet ; Digitalis ; Diuretics ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography ; Electrolytes* ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypokalemia ; Hyponatremia ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Ions ; Ouabain ; Plasma ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

No abstract available.
Depression* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Heart* ; Humans ; Microcomputers* ; Thoracic Surgery*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gene Expression* ; Genes, Immediate-Early* ; Rats*

Fixation failure is a major complication of intertrochanteric fracture. The causes of fixation failure were assessed in a series of 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures, which had been internally fixed with either a sliding hip screw or a Gamma interlocking nail. The overall rate of fixation failure was 16.3%, in which the cutting-out of the implant from the femoral head was the only cause of the instance. The cutting-out rate was influenced by the accuracy of fracture reduction, the position of implant placement within the femoral head, and the bone mineral density. Anatomical reduction and the central placement of implant within the femoral head showed the most excellent results compared to other treatment modalities. Age, gender, fracture type and a kind of fixation implant had no significant effect. Our results showed that the intertrochanteric fractures should be reduced as anatomically as possible and it is essential that the central placement of the implant within the femoral head be obtained.
Bone Density ; Head ; Hip ; Hip Fractures* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Osteoblasts*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Neurons* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm*

The effect of amiodarone on reperfusion arrhthmias after release of left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) occlusion was studied in 22 anesthetized cats. All cats underwent 20 minutes LAD occlusion followed by reperfusion and amiodarone(20mg/Kg) or normal saline was given on cats which had reperfusion arrhythmias through the left ventricular catheter to observe the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone. And also the incidence and type of arrhymias during occlusion and reperfusion were analyzed. During the 20 minute LAD occlusion, 10 of 22 cats(45%) had no arrhythmias, and 12 cats(55%) had nonsustatined ventricular tachycardia. After release of occlusion, 5 of 22 cats(23%) had no arrthmias, and 17 cats(77%) developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias(ventricular tachycardia (n=5), ventricular fibrillation(n=12)). The 17 cats which had reperfusion arrhythmias were randomly divided and given normal saline(control(n=8)) or amiodarone(amiodarone group(n=9)). There was no difference on 2 groups. The reperfusion arrhythmias disappeared in 6 out of 9 cats(66.7%) vs none of 8 controls(P<0.01). We conclude that amiodarone seems to be the effective antiarrhythmic drug on reperfusion arrhythmias after release of LAD occlusion in anesthetized cats, and might be useful for the treatment of reperfusion arrhythmias in human.
Amiodarone* ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Catheters ; Cats ; Humans ; Incidence ; Reperfusion* ; Tachycardia ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

Sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis is a rare disorder characterized by painless. firm. cord-like lesion in the coronary sulcus of the penis. Although sexual trauma may be causative factor the etiology is unknown. Histologic findings reveal hypertrophy and sclerosis of lymphatic vessel wells, and some cases show thrombus formation within dilated vessels. Most cases are self-limited and conservative management is indicated. We report two cases of sclerosing lymphangitis of the penis in a 37-year-old man and a 28-year-old man.
Adult ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Lymphangitis* ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Penis* ; Sclerosis ; Thrombosis