OBJECTIVES: This study is to see the transition and pattern of the industrial iureal worker, and to develop the prediction model. METHODS: The data of the study are based on the samples from data-warehouse of Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute and are summed monthly from Jan 1986 to Dec 1999. This study data used data mart and Meta data from DW in KOSHA. The prediction model of the injured worker in Industry is designed by using a winters time series method after data preparing (i. e. sample, explore, modify) from DW. RESULTS: Thls predicted model obtained Winters-method multiplicative in exponential smoothing among applied all models, after the tlme series (total 163 months). It showed that the prediction power was 95.5 %. CONCLUSIONS: In the process of exploring the data, totally the rate of industrial injureal workers reduced, and in the yearly circulation, in February and September the number is the lowest but in June, July, October and November the higher. The number of monthly average injureal workers is 8709 (95 % confidence interval 8277, 9140). From the developed prediction model, since Aug 1999 the industrial injureal worker reduced rapidly in Dec 1999 and first period of 2000. But In second period of 2000 the number of the injured workers is increasing. To conclude, as the total economic situation is becoming better in 2000 than In 1999, its is supposed that the injured workers will increase more than the predictive injured workers because of the increase of production rate and labor force.
Academies and Institutes ; Data Mining* ; Employment ; Humans ; Occupational Health

No abstract available.
Plasminogen Activators* ; Plasminogen* ; Pulmonary Embolism*

No abstract available.
Ankle Fractures* ; Ankle*

PURPOSE: To evaluate surface configuration of intervertebral disc on three dimensional CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three dimensional surface images reconstructed from CTscans(1 mm thick) of 20discs in 14 healthy adults were reviewed. Disc surface was classified into peripheral and central zones in contact with consecutive peripheral ring and central endplate. Local irregularity incidence, pattern in radial, concentric, or mixed form, size, location, and extension were observed. Incidence and severity ranges in 4 grades of general irregularity, and peripheral width relative to central radius were evaluated. RESULTS: Normal disc mostly showed smooth surface with few display of small local irregularity(6/20) which was mainly radial in pattern(4/5), posterolaterally located(4/6), and confined within peripheral zone(5/6). General irregularity displayed(5/20) was all grade I and peripheral width was 0.82 of central radius. CONCLUSION: Normal disc shows smooth surface but few may display small local irregularity maybe due to very early degenerative change.
Adult ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Radius

No abstract available.
Pneumoconiosis* ; Thorax*

Osteoporosis causes a decrease in bone mineral density. To overcome the decrease in fixation strength, a variety of techniques and devices have been developed, including cement augmentation of pedicle screws. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), is commonly known as bone cement, and is widely used for implant fixation in various orthopaedic and spine surgery. In general, PMMA augmentation of pedicle screws is simple and safe if performed with technical precautions. PMMA is a safe agent, but it may rarely lead to significant foreign body reactions. In this report, we present a patient who developed bone cement-related epidural space foreign body granuloma
Osteoporosis

Although several kinds of instrumentation systems are available for the transpedicular screw fixation in the treatment of spondylolisthesis, the clinical results and the difference between them remdins unclear. In order to study the feasibility of Zielke instrumentation system for that purpose, the author analysed the clinical results of 73 patients with mild or moderate degree of spondylolisthesis who were instrumented with the systems and followed up 25 months in average(Min. 12Ms). The results between the groups with different rod thickness in the system, 3.2mm(20 patients), 4mm(33 patients) and 5mm(20 patients), were compared to study the most appropriate thickness. Reduction of the deformity were done by aid of temporarilly applied Harrington system in 3.2mm group. Inlayed reduction potential coming from the jointing mechanism was utilized in the cases with less than 30% of slippage in 4 and 5mm group. Percentage of slippage was changed from 20% preoperatively, to 4% postoperatively and 6% at the end of follow up. The methods of fusion after reduction and fixation were anterior in 25 and posterolateral in 48. Bony fusion was achieved in all but one with pathological spondylolisthesis. Rod failures were observed in two of 3.2mm and one of 4mm group, and loosening of the joint were developed in three of 5mm group. Clinically, 93% of the patient showed excellent and good results at the end of follow up. From the results, we concluded that the instrumentation is a efficient method of treatment with several advantages in the reduction capacity and the stability of fixation. However, this system has several points in its mechanics that needs to be improved.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Mechanics ; Methods ; Spondylolisthesis

In clinical microsurgery, limitation of space often prohibits rotation of a double clamp in an end-to-end anastomosis, or shortage of length of the secondary vessel in an end-to-side anastomosis does not allow visualization of the back wall. In these situation, back wall repair is extremely difficult. To overcome this problem, we use continuous suture technique without rotation of double clamp for end-to-end and end-to-side anastomosis of the 40 rat femoral arteries. After continuous sutures for micro-arterial anastomosis, the following results were obtained: Continuous sutures are useful in anastomosis where there is unavoidable limited access to the posterior wall and for some of the larger vessels now being anastomosed in free flap and other reconstructive surgery.
Animals ; Femoral Artery ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Microsurgery ; Rats ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures*

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to analyze the MR findings of medulloblastoma, and to evaluate the subarachnoid dissemination and the significance of contrast enhanced MR of brain and spine for tumor.. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The preoperative brain MR studies of 18 patients (9 males, 9 females;mean age, 9.4 years) with surgically proved medulloblastomas were retrospectively reviewed to characterize these neoplasms with regard to their location, size, MR signal intensity, appearance after contrast enhancement, presence of cyst and necrosis, subarachnoid dissemination, and other associated findings. In 14 patients postoperative spine MR studies were evaluated for staging and therapeutic planning. RESULTS: The most frequent location of medulloblastoma was the inferior vermis and the mean tumor size was 4.1 x 3.6 x 3.9 cm. On Tl-weighted image, medulloblastomas generally had low to intermediate signal, predominantly hypointense relative to white matter. On T2-weighted image, medulloblastomas showed modetately high signal, hyperintense relative to white matter. Inhomogeneous contrast enhancement was demonstrated in 13 patients(72.2%) after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine(Gadolinium). Cyst and necrosis within the tumor were visualized in 15 patients(83.3%). Subarachnoid disseminations of medulloblastomas were noted in 11 patients(61.1%), of which 6 demonstrated intracranial and 2 intraspinal dissemination. Three had both intracranial and intraspinal dissemination. In nine cases with intracranial lesions, there were intraparenchymal mass formation(7), subarachnoid nodules(5), infundibular lesions(2) and diffuse gyral enhancement(I). In five cases with intraspinal lesions, there were extramedullary intradural small nodules(3), central canal nodules(2), intradural masses(I)and fine nodular and sheet-like leptomeningeal enhancement(1). Other associated findings included intratumoral hemorrhage(11.1%), per/tumoral edema(44.4%), tonsillar herniation(44.4%), hydrocephalus(88.9%) and calcification(44.4%). CONCLUSION: Medulloblastomas revealed low to intermediate signal intensity on Tl-weighted image and intermediate to moderately high signal intensity on T2-weighted image, relative to cerebellar white matter. Medulloblastomas were solid tumors with cystic necrosis, which showed inhomogeneous enhancement and subarachnoid disseminations to the intracranial and intraspinal spaces after Gd-DTPA enhancement. Gd-enhanced MR of brain and spine was an useful diagnostic modality in preoperative diagnosis and in staging of postoperative cases of medulloblastomas, which was superior to postcontrast CT or precontrast MR.
Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Male ; Medulloblastoma ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine*

This study was carried out to determine the effect of long term administration of vitamin A on the changes of lipids in liver tissue and serum in rat. The animals were fed with control diet(200 ug/day) and high vitimin A diet(2, 000 ug/day) for 24 weeks. Vitamin A contents of liver in high vitamin A fed rats were increased linearly accordance with duration of the vitamin A administration, but levels of serum vitamin A showed unremarkable changes during the experimental period. Contents of cholesterol and triglycerides of vitarnin A fed rats were significantly higher than those of controls. Levels of HDL-triglycerides in v:itamin A fed rats were significantly higher than those of control rats during experimental period, while levels of HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids showed unremarkable changes during experimental period. Levels of individual cholesteryl esters showed undremarkable changes during experimental period in both animal groups.
Animals ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol Esters ; Liver* ; Rats* ; Triglycerides ; Vitamin A* ; Vitamins*