In the present study, immunohistochemical detection of p53 oncoprotein was performed to determine whether the grade of differentiation and the histologic type of gastric adenocarcinoma, and the degree of atypia accompanied with adenoma can be related to p53 mutation. Paraffin sections of 22 gastric adenomas and 56 gastric adenocarcinomas were examined for the overexpression of p53 oncoprotein with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex staining procedure. The obtained results were as follows; 1. All the 22 cases of adenomas and 16 cases of well differentated adenocarcinomas showed uniformly negative staining. 2.Seven of 18 cases of moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas(39%), and five of 30 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas(17%) exhibited p53 protein expression. 3. Three of 29 cases of diffuse type (10%) and 9 of 19 cases of intestinal type(47%) exhibited p53 protein expression. These results suggest that p53 mutation is important in carcinogenesis of the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma, and there is no correlation between the differentiation of gastric adenocarcinoma and the degree of p53 oncoprotein overexpression.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma

The final degrees of education for the third and fourth authors were mutually misplaced.

Acute thyroid abscess is an uneommon type of neck infection. We experieneed a case of staphylococcal thyroid abscess in 29 year old man, diagnosed by needle aspira~tion and culture of the aspirate. The patient had complained fever and slowly growing anterior neck swelling. Needle aspiration of the cold nodule prior to broad spectrum antibiotics was performed. After Surgical excision combined with antibiotics, he was discharged with elinical improvement. The laboratory diagnosis and clinical course was summarized and is reported with relevent references.
Abscess ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Fever ; Humans ; Neck ; Needles ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus ; Thyroid Gland

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the effects of endurance exercise and a high-fat diet on insulin resistance and ceramide contents of skeletal muscle in Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS: We randomly divided 32 rats into four groups: control (CON, n = 8), high fat diet (HF, n = 8), exercise (Ex, 24 m/min for 2 hours, 5 days/wk, n = 8), HF/Ex (n = 8). After 4-week treatments, plasma lipid profiles, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. The triglycerides (TG), ceramide, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) contents were measured in the skeletal muscle. The rate of glucose transport was determined under submaximal insulin concentration during the muscle incubation. RESULTS: Free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in CON and HF than Ex (P = 0.032). Plasma glucose levels in HF were significantly higher than the two Ex groups (P = 0.002), and insulin levels were significantly higher in HF than in other three groups (P = 0.021). Muscular TG concentrations were significantly higher in HF than CON and Ex and also in HF/Ex than Ex, respectively (P = 0.005). Hepatic TG concentrations were significantly higher in HF than other three groups but Ex was significantly lower than HF/Ex (P = 0.000). Muscular ceramide content in HF was significantly greater than that in either Ex or HF/Ex (P = 0.031). GLUT-4 levels in CON and HF were significantly lower than those in Ex and HF/Ex (P = 0.009, P = 0.003). The glucose transport rate in submaximal insulin concentration was lower in CON than in either Ex or HF/Ex (P = 0.043), but not different from HF. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that high fat diet for 4 weeks selectively impairs insulin resistance, but not glucose transport rate, GLUT-4 and ceramide content in skeletal muscle per se. However, endurance exercise markedly affects the content of ceramide and insulin resistance in muscle.
Animals ; Ceramides ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucose ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Plasma ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Severe hemispheric infarction(SHI) reportedly has various range of high mortality. Recently it has been reported that more aggressive therapeutic intervention, such as decompressive hemicraniectomy or mild hypothermia might has potential benefits in the management of SHI. However, the mortality and the prognosis of Sill under the conservative treatment were rarely studied yet in Korea. METHODS: Sixty-six patients with CT proven SHI were subjected among 1649 acute stroke patients registered at the Hallym Stroke Data Bank since Jan. 1993. We analyzed the computerized databases for the mortality and compared inclusively demographic features, clinical characteristics, etiology, therapy modalities and CT findings of fatal group with those of survivors. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were expired among 66 SI-il patients(mean age: 64.9+/-11.5, male to female ratio;37:29). The mean time to expire was 160.4 hours. The fatal group had a significantly higher incidence of cardioembolism. uncontrolled BP during the acute stage, and extensive infarction territory(MCA+ACA). Risk factors for ischemic stroke such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia. smoking, previous stroke history, diabetes mellitus. and old age were not related to mortality low densities and hyperdense MCA signs on brain imaging were not different between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The early mortality rate of Sill under the conservative care was 38% in a referral hospital of Korea. intractable hypertension in the acute stage, cardioembolism and extent of infarct area may have predictable values of early mortality of SHI.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Hypothermia ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality* ; Neuroimaging ; Prognosis ; Referral and Consultation ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stroke ; Survivors

BACKGROUND: Aspirin, one of the antiplatelet agents, improves the survival rate after myocardial infarction. This beneficial effect is known to be obtained in part by the antiarrhythmic action of aspirin. It is not known whether other antiplatelet agents have such effects. This study was performed to compare the effects of aspirin, ticlopidine, and abciximab (platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist) on the ischemia-induced arrhythmias with a rat model of cardiac regional ischemia. METHODS: Experiments were performed in 4 groups of rats. The 4 groups were as follows : control, n=10:aspirin-pretreated, 300 mg/kg po for 1 week:ticlopidine-pretreated, 200 mg/kg po for 1 wk:abciximab-pretreated, 2 mg/kg iv 10-20 minutes before experiment. The electrocardiogram and blood pressure were recorded during 20 minutes. The time to the onset of ST-segment elevation and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, frequency and incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and death rate were assessed during acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligation of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized rats. RESULTS: Platelet aggregations to ADP were significantly lower in aspirin (42.8%), ticlopidine (43.8%), and abciximab group (34.0%) than in control group (66.4%). The frequencies of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) were 6.8+/-3.6 in control, 3.6+/-3.8 aspirin, 4.7+/-3.7 ticlopidine, and 1.4+/-2.5 abciximab group. The frequency of sustained VT in the abciximab group was significantly lower than in control group. The incidences of ventricular arrhythmias for 20 min were 10/10 for VT and 8/10 for ventricular fibrillation (VF) in control group, 7/10 for VT and 3/10 for VF in aspirin group, 10/10 for VT and 3/10 for VF in ticlopidine group, and 5/10 for VT and 4/10 for VF in abciximab group. The incidences of cardiac death during 20 min were 8/10 in control group, 4/10 in aspirin group, 2/10 in ticlopidine group and 5/10 in abciximab group. The incidence of VT in the abciximab group was significantly lower than in control group, incidences of VF in the aspirin and ticlopidine groups were significantly lower than in control group, and death rate in ticlopidine group was significantly lower than in control group. CONCLUSION: The present study suggested that aspirin, ticlopidine, and abciximab could prevent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in a rat model of cardiac regional ischemia and their antiarrhythmic effects improve the survival rate.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Aspirin ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Vessels ; Death ; Electrocardiography ; Glycoproteins ; Incidence ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* ; Rats* ; Survival Rate ; Tachycardia* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Ticlopidine ; Ventricular Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Aspirin, one of the antiplatelet agents, improves the survival rate after myocardial infarction. This beneficial effect is known to be obtained in part by the antiarrhythmic action of aspirin. It is not known whether other antiplatelet agents have such effects. This study was performed to compare the effects of aspirin, ticlopidine, and abciximab (platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist) on the ischemia-induced arrhythmias with a rat model of cardiac regional ischemia. METHODS: Experiments were performed in 4 groups of rats. The 4 groups were as follows : control, n=10:aspirin-pretreated, 300 mg/kg po for 1 week:ticlopidine-pretreated, 200 mg/kg po for 1 wk:abciximab-pretreated, 2 mg/kg iv 10-20 minutes before experiment. The electrocardiogram and blood pressure were recorded during 20 minutes. The time to the onset of ST-segment elevation and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, frequency and incidence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and death rate were assessed during acute myocardial ischemia induced by ligation of proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized rats. RESULTS: Platelet aggregations to ADP were significantly lower in aspirin (42.8%), ticlopidine (43.8%), and abciximab group (34.0%) than in control group (66.4%). The frequencies of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) were 6.8+/-3.6 in control, 3.6+/-3.8 aspirin, 4.7+/-3.7 ticlopidine, and 1.4+/-2.5 abciximab group. The frequency of sustained VT in the abciximab group was significantly lower than in control group. The incidences of ventricular arrhythmias for 20 min were 10/10 for VT and 8/10 for ventricular fibrillation (VF) in control group, 7/10 for VT and 3/10 for VF in aspirin group, 10/10 for VT and 3/10 for VF in ticlopidine group, and 5/10 for VT and 4/10 for VF in abciximab group. The incidences of cardiac death during 20 min were 8/10 in control group, 4/10 in aspirin group, 2/10 in ticlopidine group and 5/10 in abciximab group. The incidence of VT in the abciximab group was significantly lower than in control group, incidences of VF in the aspirin and ticlopidine groups were significantly lower than in control group, and death rate in ticlopidine group was significantly lower than in control group. CONCLUSION: The present study suggested that aspirin, ticlopidine, and abciximab could prevent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in a rat model of cardiac regional ischemia and their antiarrhythmic effects improve the survival rate.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Aspirin ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Vessels ; Death ; Electrocardiography ; Glycoproteins ; Incidence ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* ; Rats* ; Survival Rate ; Tachycardia* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Ticlopidine ; Ventricular Fibrillation

Venous angioma and cavernous angioma have its own distinctive characteristics in the pathological, radiological, and clinical points of view. However, the chances of coexistence of two disease entities as the neuroimaging techniques developed, and highlight the possibility made us suspect that they might share the same pathogenesis. When they coexist, the clinical symptoms are almost always caused by cavernous angioma. Here, we report 2 cases of cavernous angioma coexisting with a venous angioma in the posterior fossa presenting acute brainstem dysfunction.
Brain Stem ; Hemangioma* ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Neuroimaging

BACKGROUND: The endovascular stent has been applied clinically in acute arterial occlusions after intimal dissection by angioplasty and in the prevention of restenosis. However, subacute stent thrombosis and restnosis remain major concerns in clinical stenting despite intravscular ultrasound guidance and high pressure inflation. Moreover, anticoagulation before and after stent implantation may be required for long periods and complicated by bleeding. A new strategy may be local drug delivery, which maintains sustained local concentration and may limit systemic complications. To evaluate the efficacy of local Nitric Oxide(NO) donor delivery on acute or subacute stent thrombosis and bleeding complications in patients, local NO donor delivery was performed in stented patients. METHOD: NO donor (2.0mg, Molsidomine) was delivered (1.0ml/min over 10min) using the Dispatch Catheter, after predilation of target lesion in 15 patients (8 angina, 7 myocardial infarction, mean age 5311.5 yr.) without heparin or nitrate infusion after stenting. After local NO donor delivery, Palmaz-Schatz stents were placed with standard methods. APTT and CK were checked at 1 hr, 3 hrs and 24 hrs after local NO donor delivery and STENTING. Follow-up coronary angiograms were done 48 hrs after stenting. RESULT: All patients had no hypotensive effects, no ischemic symptoms or no ECG changes during and after locaL NO donor delivery. ARTT and CK values were not changed at 3 and 24 hrs after local NO donor delivery and stenting. This allowed early arterial sheath removal. Follow-up coronary angiograms at 48 hrs showed all stents patent without stent recoil, with TIMI III flow, and without intra-stent thrombus. No target lesion revascularization and 100% event free survival were obsered for one month's clinical follow-up after NO donor delivery and stenting. Conclusion: Local NO donor delivery prior to stenting prevents acute and subacute stent thrombosis, systmic complications of nitrate, and maintains stent blood flow without stent recoil within the first one month after stenting.
Angioplasty ; Catheters ; Disease-Free Survival ; Electrocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic ; Myocardial Infarction ; Nitric Oxide* ; Stents* ; Thrombosis ; Tissue Donors* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Lithotripsy*