No abstract available.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Venous Thromboembolism*

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Bone Resorption* ; Hip* ; Thigh*

No abstract available.
Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral*

No abstract available.
Hand*

Until recently, the etiology of schizophrenia was generally attributed to abnormalities in dopaminergic neurotransmission. Specifically, an excess of dopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic system has been postulated to produce the positive symptoms, while decreased dopaminergic activity in the mesocortical system has been suggested to cause negative symptoms. Accordingly, we performed an association study of schizophrenia with TH gene. Three hundred and seventy four biologically unrelated schizophrenic patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria from Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital affiliated with Catholic university of Korea were recruited for our study. The 393 healthy controls were volunteers for DNA library of Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital without personal or family history of psychiatric and neurologic illness. DNA was extracted from peripheral mononuclear cells and polymorphic region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. TH intron 1 VNTR polymorphism was typed by silver staining. The allele distributions of TH gene were not different between schizophrenics and controls. However, the frequency of allele A was significantly higher in positive group than that of negative group of schizophrenics. These findings suggest that poitive schizophrenia may be associated with allele A of TH gene.
Alleles ; DNA ; Gene Library ; Genetics ; Humans ; Introns* ; Korea ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Schizophrenia ; Silver Staining ; Synaptic Transmission ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase* ; Tyrosine* ; Volunteers

No abstract available.
Ankle Fractures* ; Ankle*

BACKGROUND: Pancreatoduodenectomy is a standard operation for benign and malignant lesions of the periampullary area. Even though the complication and the mortality rates have markedly decreased owing to recent developments in surgical techniques and postoperative care, the complication rates still remain high. Especially, pancreatic leakage is the main cause of death today in a pancreatoduodenectomy, so surgical techniques dealing with this problem have emerged as a major issue. The usual techniques used have been the duct ligation method, the duct occlusion method, a pancreatojejunostomy, and a pancreatogastrostomy. However, a recent trend has been to maintain pancreato-enteric continuity. Thus, the authors used a pancreatojejunostomy with the duct-to-mucosa method to decrease the complications. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 56 patients who had undergone a pancreatoduodenectomy between January 1987 and July 1997 by one surgeon. RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1 and the mean age was 55.5 years (ranging from 25 to 77). A Whipple's operation was done in 44 cases, and a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was done in 12 cases. All the cases used a pancreatojejunostomy with the duct-to-mucosa method. No pancreatic leakage was observed in any of the 56 cases. The immediate postoperative complication rate was 28.6%, and there was one (1.8%) postoperative mortality due to adult respiratory distress syndrome. Six patients complained of minimal exocrine functional abnormality, but only one patient, who had suffered severe chronic pancreatitis preoperatively, routinely now takes a pancreatic enzyme. However, even after long-term follow up, no endocrine insufficiency has been detected. CONCLUSIONS: Through our experience, a pancreatojejunostomy with the duct-to-mucosa method is a secure and reasonable method and can be used for all patients undergoing a pancreatoduodenectomy.
Cause of Death ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligation ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy* ; Pancreaticojejunostomy* ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Retrospective Studies

The mortality and morbidity in tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) overdose still remained high due to fatal cardiac toxicities despite their decreased prescriptions. Also, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may show relatively high cardiac toxicities in excess or mixed overdoses. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and newer antidepressants have been known to be safe in overdose until recently. However, many researchers have found that SSRIs and newer antidepressants also showed serious and fatal toxicities in case of excess or mixed overdoses. Citalopram or escitalopram overdoses showed a relatively high incidence of cardiac toxicity with a dose-dependent manner. Also, venlafaxine, bupropion and trazodone overdoses showed significant cardiac toxicities, although degrees of the toxicities are different each other. Especially, venlafaxine's pattern and incidence of cardiac toxicities are the similar to those of TCAs. Mirtazapine and reboxetine show no significant toxicities in overdose although the present toxicological data are insufficient. To conclude, assessment of compliance, pharmacology education for patients and effective treatment may reduce the incidence and severity of toxicities in overdose.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Bupropion ; Citalopram ; Compliance ; Cyclohexanols ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mianserin ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ; Morpholines ; Prescriptions ; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors ; Trazodone ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

We report a case of nevus sebaceus associated with sebaceous epithelioma and basal cell epithelioma in a 48-year-old male patient. A 2.6 x 2.0cm orange-yellow erosive tumor and 1.5 x 1.0cm, l.0 x 0.8cm dark blue-yellow varigated nodules were intimately associated with a 4 x 3cm sized yellowish verrucous plaque on the parieto-occipital area of the scalp. Biopsy revealed sebaccous epithelioma, basal cell epithelioma and nevus sebaceus, respectively.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nevus* ; Scalp

PURPOSE: In young male patients who suffered several kinds of trauma with subsequent suspicious reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, we performed three-phasic bone scan in order to investigate its usefulness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with narrow range of age (21-25. mean 22.8+/-1.3, all male) were included with suspicious reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome of 12 feet and 5 hands. Only one was bilateral feet case and 16 were ipsilateral (Rt:13, Lt:3). The etiologic traumas were 4 fractures, 4 sprains, 3 blunt trauma, 2 cellulitis, 1 tendon tear, 1 crush injury, 1 overexercise, and 1 unknown. Radiologically 3 showed osteoporotic changes. Three-phasic bone scans were performed 21.2+/-7.3wks after trauma. RESULTS: According to symptom complex, confirmatory reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome 4 cases and suspicious 13 were analyzed. All confirmatory cases (100%) showed increased uptake at delay phase with periarticular accentuation. Of confirmatory 4 cases, 2 showed increased uptake in all three phases (perfusion: P, blood pool: B, and delay: D), and other 2 revealed decreased P but, both increased B and D. Of suspicious 13 cases, 9(69.2%) had increased D (4 periarticular and 5 focal), 2 decreased D, and 2 symmetric D. In 12 foot cases, so-called weight bearing patterns - increased contralateral sole at P and B - were revealed in 7(58.3%). CONCLUSION: Diffuse periarticular increased uptake at delay phase of three-phasic bone scan was a compatible finding to reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in young male patients whose symptom complex strongly designated post traumatic reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome.
Cellulitis ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Male* ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy* ; Reflex* ; Sprains and Strains ; Tendons ; Weight-Bearing