Background: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can cause haemostatic abnormalities that increase the risk of postoperative hemorrhage. Objectives: (1) To study changes of coagulation in cardiac patients undergoing surgery with CPB. (2) To research the relationship between duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, coagulation tests and postoperative hemorrhage complications. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out on 252 patients (105 women, 147 men) undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB due to congenital heart disease and acquired heart disease at Viet Duc Hospital from December 2005 to August 2006. Results: After surgery, 54 patients had to transfuse the blood products, accounting for 21.4% rate. 21 cases had abnormal bleeding (8.3%). 12 patients assigned to re-operate due to bleeding (4.8%). There was an inverse correlation between platelet counts after surgery with duration of CPB and duration of aortic clamping. Relationship between rate of prothrombin, APTT, fibrinogen after surgery and duration of CPB and duration of aortic clamping was not seen. Duration of CPB prolonging over 120 minutes related to postoperative hemorrhage complication (OR=2.69 (p<0.5)). Reduced platelet count increased the risk of postoperative hemorrhage but not statistically significant (OR=1.36; p>0.05). Prothrombin ratio of less than 50% associated with the risk of postoperative hemorrhage (OR=4.83; p<0.01). Conclusion: The routine coagulation tests can help monitor clotting in patients after cardiac surgery
Hemorrhage/ blood ; therapy ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass/ methods

Knowledge, attitude and behaviour for HIV/AIDS in pupils of the high school in Luong Son district, Hoa Binh province
HIV ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

20 patients with primitive polycythaemia, aged > 16 were studied at The Central Instutitute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from August 2000 to July 2001. Patients underwent clinical examinations, specialized test and spinal fluid culture. On 15 of 20 patients, karyotype was specified no abnormality was detected in terms of chromosome number, there are 3 cases of chromosomal morphologic disturbances were considered evidence of hyper trophic characteristics of cloning process us of primitive polycythemia.
Chromosomes ; Polycythemia ; Diagnosis

The relation of some laboratory examinations on blood coagulation and hemostasis with the complications of primitive polycythemia was determined by a study conducted on 20 subjects treated at the clinical department of blood diseases, the Central Institute of Hematology and blood perfusion. Before the treatment, on all patients examination on blood coagulation and hemostasis were performed. Results showed that: in polycythemia, the high quantity of blood plaques was the risk factor of vascular obstruction and closely related with the complications of hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, ADP. The relation between some disturbances of blood coagulation and clinical features.
Blood Coagulation Disorders ; Hemostasis ; Polycythemia

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may reduce the numbers of platelets and cause platelet function disorder. Postoperative bleeding is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Objectives: (1) To study changes platelet count and platelet aggregation with ADP in patients undergoing CPB. (2) To identify the relationship between the postoperative bleeding and these parameters. Subjects and method: Crossectional descriptive study on 35 patients of three groups: congenital heart diseases, valvular heart diseases and coronary artery disease. Results: Platelet count and platelet aggregation with ADP reduce. Conclusion: There is a considerably change in the number of platelets and disturbance of platelet function in patients undergoing CPB. No remarkable evidence on relationship between posttoperative bleeding and above disorders.
Platelet Aggregation ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ;

Aims: The objective of the study was to isolate bacteriophages and conduct a comprehensive analysis of their potential against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) strains in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Methodology and results: Twelve Xoo strains were isolated from rice fields located in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Among these strains, three strains Xoo L019, L020 and L024, showed the highest disease index of bacterial blight. Four phages specific to Xoo were isolated from soil, water and leaf samples, and their morphologies were determined. In a test against 12 Xoo strains, phage L541, MLA23 or W41 could infect 10 of the 12 Xoo strains, while phage LBH01 could infect 8 of the 12 Xoo strains. The stability of the phages to pH, organic solvents, UV-A and UV-B was also evaluated. Conclusion, significance and impact of study The initial characterization of the phages indicates their potential as biocontrol agents against bacterial blight in rice. The study is one of the very first studies about Xoo phages in rice in Vietnam.