Ketalar, a new parenteral anesthetic, was used as a clinical trial for 14 surgical cases ranged from 2 to 15 year old children, and also intraocular pressures of their patient's sound eyes were measured before and after Ketalar injection, I.M. 5-10 mg/kg. Unlike conventional anesthetic agents, Ketalar caused a significant rise in intraocular pressure within 5 minutes and then the pressure improved to normal range about 15 minutes after Ketalar injection. Ketalar could not recommended as a general anethetic agent in case who should examine the intraocular pressure. In eye surgery under 15 year old children, this agent would be a safe and effective general anesthetic, and in an emergent eye injured case, Ketalar is an agent of first choice and can injects to patient regardless of diet intake.
Adolescent ; Anesthetics ; Child* ; Diet ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Ketamine* ; Reference Values

Authors performed 25 corneal grafts in 24 patients since the inauguration of The Central Eye Bank, attached to the Department of Ophthalmology, St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Medical College, in April 19, 1967. Method and results of these cases are as follows; METHOD: In technique of surgery, the grafts in most of the cases were 7 mm in diameter(Table 3), in two types of penetrating and lamellar corneal grafts(Table 4). The donor material came from patient age group of 51-60 years old in most and was used within 24 hours after death (Table 5). In most cases we placed 12 interrupted sutures except of two cases for continuous suture by 8-0 virgin silks. Preoperative and postoperative cares were routine with systemic dexamethasone, 7.0mg a day was given routinely on the 5 th postoperative day for 30-50 days because of prevention of graft rejection. RESULTS AND SUMMARY: Table 7 summbrizes the results of our observation. Nineteen of the 25 grafts remained clear. And there was improved vision above 20/200 in ten eyes out of nineteen clear grafts. Table 10 lists the reasons why nine clear grafts did not improve vision. Postoperative complications occurred in fourteen grafts (Table 11). Penetrating corneal grafts for adherent leucoma courneae, staphyloma corneae and corneal scars from alkaline burn were failed to maintaining the clear graft. The donor material, the recipient cornea, graft rejection as a complication and its prevantion were discussed. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: We wish to express our sincere gratitude to an those who have guided in carrying out the present investigation. In particular, We are jndebted to Dr. Bon Sool Koo, Former Chief and Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Catholic Medical College. Dr. Sang Wook Rhee. Chief and Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Catholic Medical College.
Burns ; Cicatrix ; Cornea ; Corneal Transplantation* ; Dexamethasone ; Eye Banks ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Ophthalmology ; Postoperative Complications ; Silk ; Sutures ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

Aberrant left-sided pulmonary artery(pulmonary artery sling) is an uncommon anomaly, which may cause significant respiratory abnormality. We report a case of pulmonary artery sling which is combined with persistent left superior vena cava and dextrocardia. This case was identified by esophagogram and CT and confirmed by MRI and angiography. We consider that MRI is a valuable new method for the diagnosis of aberrant left-sided pulmonary artery.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Dextrocardia ; Diagnosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Vena Cava, Superior

No abstract available.
Nasal Bone*

The variations of the sigmoid sinus were studied in 50 Korean adults (average age 67). The classification of the shape and a measurement of the diameters of the sinus were done and the morpological. 1. The shape was classified into 4 types, and the round type was the most common in both sides. S shaped type was below 10% in both sides. 2. The breadth was regular in 54% of the right and in 70% of the left sinuses. According to the breadth change, the shape was classified into 4 shapes. 3. The average diameter was 8.6mm on the right side and 7.2mm on the left side. 4. Symmetry was present in 16% of all. 5. The right transverse sinus was absent in 1 case (2%) and the superior petrosal sinus did not open into the sigmoid sinus in 2 cases (4%). 6. Petrosqamous sinus was observed in 16%.
Adult* ; Classification ; Colon, Sigmoid* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Intussusception*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Radiotherapy

This investigation evaluated the fracture toughness (KIC) of eight currently available core materials, and relate the fracture toughness value to fractography analysis and surface characteristics using a atomic force microscope (AFM). Single-edge notched (SEN) test specimens (n=10) and compact tension (CT) test specimens (n=10) were prepared conforming to the ASTM Standard E-399 for a high copper amalgam, three composite core materials (Core-Max II, Core Paste, Bisfil Core), two reinforced composite core materials (Ti-Core, Ti-Core Natural), a resin-modified glass ionomer core material (Vitremer), and a conventional glass ionomer core material (Ketac-Molar). The specimens were tested with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. The maximum loads were measured to calculate the fracture toughness (KIC). Thereafter, fracture surfaces of SEN specimens of each material were investigated for fractography analysis using scanning electron microscope. And, disc-shaped specimens with 1mm thickness were fabricated for each material and were investigated under AFM for surface morphology analysis. The results were as follows : 1. Bisfil Core showed the highest mean fracture toughness regardless of test methods. 2. For the tooth-colored materials, Ti-Core Natural exhibited the highest fracture toughness. 3. Ketac Molar showed a significantly low fracture toughness when compared with the amalgam and the composite resin core materials (p<0.05). 4. The fracture toughness values obtained with the single-edge notched test, except Ketac Molar, were higher than those obtained in the compact tension test. 5. SEM revealed that the fracture surface of high fracture toughness material was rougher than that of low fracture toughness material. 6. AFM revealed that the surface particles of the composite resins were smaller in size, with a lower surface roughness than the glass ionomer core materials.
Composite Resins ; Copper ; Glass ; Molar

Though the incidence of paragonimiasis has been remarkably decreased since 1970, it is still not a rare disease in Korea. Major problems in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis on chest radiography are its differentiation from pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer. Chest radiographic findings have been described in detail, but little have been reported on CT findings. We reviewed CT findings of 10 patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis. The characteristic CT findings were similar to those on chest radiography, such as air-space consolidation (70%), nodular mass (50%), pleural effusion (40%), cystic lesion (30%), small low density within the mass (30%), linear density (20%), pneumothorax(20%), and burrow track (20%). CT depicted the cystic lesions and the burrow tracks more clearly and showed the small worm-retaining cysts within the mass that were not detectable on chest radiography. In conclusion, all of these CT findings are useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis especially when differentiation from tuberculosis or lung canceris difficult on chest radiography.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Paragonimiasis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rare Diseases ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

PURPOSE:The pathogenesis of short stature in growth hormone(GH) deficiency is believed to be based on the growth failure of growth plate chondrocytes by reduced growth hormone dependent insulin-like growth factor- I (IGF- I ) level in serum. Therefore, author studied the growth promoting effect of IGF- I purified from human serum on the chondrocytes, cultured from rat rib cartilage. METHODS:Rat rib cartilage were treated with type II collagenase and hyaluronidase and were cultured in Ham's F-12 culture media containing 10% fetal calf serum. Growth promoting effect of IGF- I was measured by MTT dye by adding 20ng/ml IGF- I purified by protein-diol 120 column(YMC Co, Japan) from human serum, to 1*104 cultured chondrocytes separated into each of 96 well culture vessel. RESULTS: 1) When elution time of biotin labeled IGF- I by protein pak 300sw column was compared to elution time of standard molecular weight, IGF- I exists as large complex of 150Kd and small complex of 50Kd with free 7Kd form in serum before acid treatment. After acid treatment, IGF- I exists as small complex of 50Kd with free 7Kd form. 2) IGF- I purified from blood samples, as compared to genetic engineering product standard IGF- I , showed good parallelism in competition inhibition curve by purity analysis utilizing IGF- I antibody, and thus it is assumed that complex protein as inhibiting factor for purified IGF- I does not exist. Furthermore, complex protein was not present on the Western ligand method using biotin-labeled IGF- I ligand after purified IGF- I transferred to nitrocellulose paper following SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. 3)IGF- I of 20ng/ml showed 30% growth promoting effect, when rat rib chondrocyte culture with Dulbeco's modified Eagles medium(DMEM) is considered to show maximum growth promoting effect, while with pure culture medium, DMEM, showing minimum effect. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this study suggest that IGF- I purified by this method assumes the role of growth promoting effect on the chondrocytes, and that the described method of radioimmuno assay of IGF- I also could effectively remove inhibiting protein complex, therefore allowing more accurate assay.
Animals ; Biotin ; Cartilage ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagenases ; Collodion ; Culture Media ; Eagles ; Electrophoresis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Genetic Engineering ; Growth Hormone ; Growth Plate ; Humans* ; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase ; Molecular Weight ; Rats* ; Ribs* ; Staphylococcal Protein A