Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) playing an important role in e cell-mediated immune response kill the target cells by the special contact-dependent mechanism. It has been known that CTL and NK cells utilize two different pathways in removing specific target cells: apoptotic cell death and osmotic lysis by the pore forming protein. Interaction of CTL with target cells results in the ligand-induced, receptor-mediated, nonsecretory lytic process and lethal hit is delivered by the transducing molecule, Fas (CD95, APO-1), one of the TNFR/NGFR superfamily. In addition, ligation of TNF receptor and CD40 also induced the apoptosis of B cell and epithelial cells. However, recognition of target cells, the triggering mechanism, cytotoxic mediators, internal metabolic pathway and signal transduction behind apoptosis remain undefined and have been elucidated only in part. ...continue...
Apoptosis* ; Cell Death ; Epithelial Cells ; Genistein ; Ice ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Ligation ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms*

Animals ; Periosteum ; Rats ; Skull

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis*

PURPOSE: Regular cancer screening for workers can help prevent cancer or allow early treatment, and is thus beneficial in improving health, reducing costs, and increasing companies' productivity. However, there has been little research on cancer screening rates of workers and related factors. The purpose of this study was to identify cancer screening rates and relevant factors among manufacturing workers. METHODS: Using a questionnaire, data were collected from 335 workers aged over 40 years recruited from seven manufacturing companies. The collected information included cancer screenings (stomach, colorectal, breast, and cervical), attitude towards cancer screening, and demographic and job characteristics. RESULTS: 72.5% of workers received stomach cancer screening (SCS), and 43% received colorectal cancer screening (CRCS). Among 86 women, 68.6% received breast cancer screening and cervical cancer screening. The attitude towards cancer screening was 29.5+/-3.78. Workers aged over 51, married, and those working in mobile manufacturing were more likely to have undergone SCS. Workers aged over 51, married, those working in mobile manufacturing, those in workplaces with more than 1,001 employees, and those with more positive attitudes toward cancer screening were more likely to have undergone CRCS. Finally, attitude affected cervical cancer screening. CONCLUSION: Workers in small-sized workplaces had lower cancer screening rates. Thus, follow-up research should assess the health environment of workplaces and develop educational programs on cancer screening that reflect attitudes towards screening.
Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Efficiency ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Rheumatic Diseases* ; Spondylarthropathies

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Consensus ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukocyte Count ; Male ; Palate ; Surgery, Oral

BACKGROUND: Although actinic keratosis and Bowens disease ar considered as carcinoma in situ, most of them are biologically benign and dont progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It is little known why they take the benign courses and which factors are involved in the tumorigenesis. Keratoacanthoma, self-regresi;ing benign tumor, may be sometimes or fused morphologically with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. So it is necessary to find a useful marker to help us distinguish them. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to gain a better understani ling of biologic behaviour and tumerigenesis of epidermal keiatinocytic neoplasms. METHODS: We investigated the expression of p53 protein and priliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by an immunohistochemical method on the formalin-fixed, araffinembedded tissue specimens of epidermal keratinocytic neoplasms. RESULTS: Fourteen out of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(70.0%), 14 out of 22 cases of actinic keratosis(63.6%), and 13 out of 20 cases of Bowens disease(65.0%) showed p53 protein expression, but keratoacanthoma was negative. All the tumors studied sho ved significantly increased numbers of PCNA-positive eells when compared with normal epidermis and characteristic distribution pattern. of PCNA-positive cells. Most cases of actinic keratosis exhibited the basal dysplastic pattern, but Bo wenoid variants showed diffuse dysplastic pattern. Karatoacanthoma revealed the marginal pattern and Bowens disease showed the diffuse dysplastic pattern. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoria showed the basal dysplastic pattern, while poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma revealed d ffuse dysplastic pattern. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that p53 mutation is a common and early genetic change in the epidermal tumorigenesis and may be used as a good marker for malignan transformation, but it does not seem to correlate with the biollagic behavior or prognosis of epidermal neoplasms. PCNA, which is considered as a proliferation-relaited marker, was expressed with chavaceristic distribution patterns according to the type of tumors, but the frequency of PCNA expression is unlikely to reflct the malignant potential of epidermal neoplasms.
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*