No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus*

BACKGROUND: According as old aged people have an increased interest in early detection of disease and health promotion, old aged people who take health examinations are increased. So this study is aimed to survey common problems about geriatric health in community and their frequency by way of investigation on diagnosis in health examination data and to evaluate the effects of health risk factors on each disease patterns. METHODS: The medical records of the clients who have taken health examinations for the first time from March 1995 to February 2000 at a health examination center of a university hospital in Seoul were reviewed. The category and number of judged diagnosis, sociodemographic factors are compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The selected medical records accounted to 22,393. The study subjects consist of 11,544(51.6%) male. Mean age is 52.0+/-10.5 years(range 16~90). 65 years or more old aged people of them are 2,612(11.7%), the number of judged diagnosis per one old person is 4.84+/-2.22(range 0~9) and young people took less diagnosis is 35.7%, functional diagnosis is 7.9%. The common diagnoses are liver disease(7.07%), decreased physical strength(6.68%), hyperlipidemin(6.53%),obesity(5.90%), osteoporosis or postmenopausal syndrome(4.72%), need for immunization against viral hepatitis(4.69%), hypertension(4.20%) functional gastrointestinal disease(3.93%). The number of total diagnosis and organic diagnosis is larger in older age, no exercise, female,smoker, no-spouse, lower education(p<0.05). The number of other diagnosis is larger in no exercise, smoker, female, younger age(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: According to health examination, total diagnosis and organic diagnosis are more in old aged group than in young. Functioinal diagnosis and other diagnosis is less in old aged group than in young.
Diagnosis* ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Immunization ; Liver ; Male ; Medical Records ; Osteoporosis ; Risk Factors ; Seoul

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the Incentive Spirometry (IS) and Deep Breathing Exercises (DBE) to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery in patients over 60 years of age. METHODS: We prospectively randomized 90 patients into 1 of 3 groups: the control group (30 patients) received no respiratory treatment, the IS group (30 patients) was treated with incentive spirometry 4 times daily and DBE group (30 patients) carried out deep breathing exercises under supervision for 15 min 4 times daily. ABGA was taken at ward, PR (preop.room), RR (recovery room), POD1 day and POD2 day. Roentgenographic changes observed at 24 h. and 48 h. after surgery. Pulmonary complications were defined as the development of 3 or more of 6 new findings: cough, sputum, dyspnea, chest discomfort, temperature greater than 38oC, pulse rate more than 100 beats/min. RESULTS: PaO2 in the DBE group and IS group at PR were significantly increased than the values at ward, and the values of the PaO2 in the DBE group at RR and POD1 day, and those of IS group at PR and POD2 day were significant higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). The frequency of development of pulmonary complications (43.3% in the control group, 20% in the DBE group, 20% in the IS group) and roentgenographic changes were comparable in the 3 groups (26.7%, 16.7%, 20% respectively). The DBE group showed the different incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications between upper and lower abdominal surgery (upper: lower= 35.7: 6.3%). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that DBE and IS were effective in preventing postoperative pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery and lower abdominal surgery causes lesser postoperative pulmonary complications than upper abdominal surgery.
Breathing Exercises ; Cough ; Dyspnea ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Motivation* ; Organization and Administration ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration* ; Spirometry* ; Sputum ; Thorax

There is considerable experimental evidence to indicate that tumor growth is dependent on angiogenesis. However, we do not understand how the angiogenic activity is initiated by a given tumor. There is a clear distinction between a stage without neovascularization, which correlates with a paucity of metastases, and a stage in which increasing neovascularization correlates with a rising rate of metastasis. The authors therefore asked whether the extent of angiogenesis in human prostatic carcinoma is correlated with the tumor grades or some growth factors. To investigate how tumor angiogenesis correlates with tumor aggressiveness, the authors counted microvessels within the various grades of invasive prostatic carcinomas of 44 patients and the nodular hyperplasias of 10 patients. Highlighting of the vessels by immunohistochemical staining for factor VIII-related antigen and assessment of the tumor aggressiveness by the degree of expression of some growth factors(transforming growth factor-alpha, and beta, epidermal growth factor), tumor necrosis factor-alpha and tumor grading(Gleason's score) were done. As a result, both microvessel counts and the expression of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor correlated with tumor grades. In conclusion, the number of microvessels per 200 X fields in the areas of most intense neovascularization in a prostatic carcinoma may be a predictor of the patient's prognosis. Therefore, assessment of tumor angiogenesis may prove valuable in selecting patients with prostatic carcinoma, especially small needle biopsy, for aggressive therapy.
Humans ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

BACKGROUND: The action of the volatile anesthetics on various organs in the body is not well known. Since Furchgott (1980) discovered endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from endothelium, many studies have been tried. Many investigators were studied about the relationship between the EDRF and the effect of the volatile anesthetics on blood vessels too. But the effect of volatile anesthetics and the site of action on the blood vessel were still controversial. In this study, we evaluated that the effect and the action site of halothane and isoflurane on isolated aortic rings of the rabbit. METHODS: Each of obtained thoracic aorta from rabbits (1.5~2.5 Kg) was divided into 3~5 mm sized rings, and a half of that were denuded. All of the aortic rings were preconstricted with phenylephrine 1.5 10-7 Mole in warm organ bath filled with modified Krebs' solution, and then LNAME (inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, 3 10-4Mole) was administered to one group of aortic rings. MB (inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase, 2 10-5Mole) was administered to another one group and neither of LNAME nor MB was administered to the other group. And then isoflurane or halothane was administered (1~4%) to all of aortic rings. The polygraph recorded the changes of tension of aortic ring which was transmitted through the force transducer. RESULTS: It was proved that basal EDRF was released from endothelium by the fact that intact aortic rings were more constricted after LNAME or MB administration. The intact aortic rings were constricted in all concentration of isoflurane and both intact and denuded rings were relaxed in 4% concentration of halothane. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that isoflurane in all concentrations has an endothelium -mediated vasoconstriction and 4% halothane produced vascular relaxation directly independent of existence of the endothelium of vessel.
Anesthetics ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arginine* ; Baths ; Blood Vessels ; Endothelium ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Halothane* ; Humans ; Isoflurane* ; Methylene Blue ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Phenylephrine ; Rabbits ; Relaxation ; Research Personnel ; Transducers ; Vasoconstriction

No abstract available.
Amniotic Fluid* ; Female ; Fetal Proteins* ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy*

This experiment was aimed to investigate the contractile responses of the fermoral artery to the electrical stimulation and the inhibitory effects of verapamil and papaverine on the electrical stimulation of the fermoral artery in the control (n=46) and the diabetic rabbits(n=40). Diabetic rabbits were made by and administration of alloxan (100 mg/kg) intravenously and sacrified 8 weeks later. Femoral arterial rings 3 mm in length were taken and mounted on the force-displacement transducer for the measurements of isometric tension. All experiments were done in the aerated (95% O2 with 5% CO2)biological chamber filled with Kreb's solution and the initial tension of 1.5g was applied to the rings. After 1 hour of equilibrium of the rings, the contractile responses of the electrical stimulation on the femoral arterial rings were taken without vasoactive drugs and then, under verapamil and papaverine solution. And we compared the morphologic findings of the vessels in the two groups in relation to the functional changes by transmission electron miroscopy. The results are as follows: 1. The contractile responses in the presence of verapamil or papaverine solutions to the electrical stimulation were lowed significantly in the fermoral arterial rings of the diabetic rabbits compared with that of the control rabbits (verapamil; 10M~10M: p<0.01, papaverine; 10M & 10M: p<0.01). 2. Transmission electron microphotographs showed many morphological differences of the femoral arteries between the control and the diabetic rabbits. These were irregularities of the internal elastic lamina and the hypertrophy of the cytoplasms of the smooth muscle cells. And also, there were many vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the endothelial cells, lateral to the internal elastic laminaes, and between the smooth muscle cells in the diabetic rabbit femoral artery. By this study, we found that the contractile responses of the femoral arterial rings to the electrical stimulation were decreased in the diabetic rabbits, and the vasodiatory effects of verapamil and papaverine on the electrically stimulated femoral arterial rings were also lowered in the diabetic rabbits compared with the control rabbits. These changes of the vasular responses of the diabetic vessel may be associated with morphological changes manifested by transmission electron microscopy or any other functional derangement of the vessels.
Alloxan ; Arteries ; Cytoplasm ; Electric Stimulation* ; Endothelial Cells ; Femoral Artery ; Hypertrophy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Papaverine ; Rabbits ; Transducers ; Vacuoles ; Vasodilator Agents* ; Verapamil

Syphilitic involvement of the stomach often takes the appearance of neoplastic conditions. We describe the radiological findings of syphilitic gastritis. A 36-year-old man was diagnosed with gastric cancer by upper GI and CT, but syphilitic gastritis was confirmed by endoscopy and upper GI series performed after penicillin therapy, We report a case of syphilitic gastritis presented as advanced stomach cancer by clinical, endoscopic and radiological study.
Adult ; Endoscopy ; Gastritis* ; Humans ; Penicillins ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

PURPOSE: To verify the value of CT in the diagnosis of cirrhosis, CRL ratio was measured in 225 Koreans who had and evidence of cirrhosis both clinically and radiologically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mean value of CRL ratio was 0.68+/-0.21 which was significant difterent from the published value of normal person(0.45+/-0.07). The difference of CRL ratio between men and women and that among different age groups were found to be not statistically signficant. RESULTS: CRL ratio of virus- related group(N:149) was 0.64+/-0.18, whereas that of virus-nonrelated group (N=76) was 0.76+/-0.23. There was a statistically significant difference of CRL ratio between virus-related group and virus-nonrelated group. CRL ratio of hepatoma-related group(N:113) was 0.71+/-0.22 whereas that of heparoma-nonrelated group(N:112) was 0.66+/-0.19. There was no statistically significant difference of CRL ratio between hepatoma-related group and hepatoma-nonrelated group. CONCLUSION: Measurement of CRL ratio by CT is a useful method in assessing cirrhosis of the liver.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Male