To evaluate the relationship between arteriolosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy, we graded the levels of diabetic retinopathy and arteriolosclerosis and compared each other in 255 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes. And we also measured serum lipid levels and checked other risk fac-tors for diabetic retinopathy. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Patients with advanced arteriolosclerosis were at higher risk of severe diabetic retinopathy. And patients with elevated plasma total cholesterol, LDL-C, TG had more severe levels of diabetic retinopathy than whose lipid levels were normal. These results suggested that advanced arteriolosclerosis and elevated serum lipid levels are associated with severe diabetic retinopathy. For preventing visual threatening complications of diabetic retinopathy, the degree of arteriolosclerosis and serum lipid levels should be carefully monitored in the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy.
Arteriolosclerosis ; Arteriosclerosis* ; Cholesterol ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Plasma

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Head

No abstract available.
Hyperplasia

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: Congenital aortic stenosis in children is characterized by "excessive" left ventricular hypertrophy with reduced left ventricular systolic wall stress that allows for supernormal ejection performance. We hypothesized that left ventricular wall stress was decreased immediately after surgical correction of pure congenital aortic stenosis. Also measuring postoperative left ventricular wall stress was a useful noninvasive measurement that allowed direct assessment for oxygen consumption of myocardium than measuring the peak systolic pressure gradient between ascending aorta and left ventricle for the assessment of surgical results. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between September 1993 and August 1999, 8 patients with isolated congenital aortic stenosis who underwent surgical correction at Yonsei cardiovascular center were evaluated. There were 6 male and 2 female patients ranging in age from 2 to 11 years(mean age, 10 years). Combined Hemodynamic-Ultrasonic method was used for studying left ventricular wall stress. We compared the wall stress peak systolic pressure gradient and ejection fraction preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULT: After surgical correction peak aortic gradient fell from 58.4+/-17.6, to 23.7+/-17.7 mmHg(p=0.018) and left ventricular ejection fraction decreased but it is not statistically significant. In the consideration of some factors that influence left ventricular end-systolic wall stress excluding one patient who underwent reoperation for restenosis of left ventricular outflow tract left ventricular end-systolic pressure and left ventricular end-systolic dimension were fell from 170.6+/-24.3 to 143.7+/-27.1 mmHg and from 1.78+/-0.4 to 1.76+/-0.4 cm respectively and left ventricular posterior wall thickness was increased from 1.10+/-0.2, to 1.27+/-0.3cm but it was not statistically singificant whereas left ventricular end-systolic wall stress fell from 79.2+/-24.9 to 57.1+/-27.6 kdynes/cm2(p=0.018) in 7 patients. For one patient who underwent reoperation peak aortic gradient fell from 83.0 to 59.7 mmHg whereas left ventricular end-systolic wall stress increased from 67.2 to 97.0 kdynes/cm2 The intervals did not change significnatly. CONCLUSION: We believe that probably some factors that are related to left ventricular geometry influenced the decreased left ventricular wall stress immediately after surgical correction of isolated congenital aortic stenosis. Left ventricular wall stress is a noninvasive measurement and can allow for more direct assesment than measuring peak aortic gradient particularly in consideration of the stress and oxygen consumption of the myocardium therefore we can conclude it is a useful measurement for postoperative assessment of congenital aortic stenosis.
Aorta ; Aortic Valve Stenosis* ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Equidae ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Male ; Myocardium ; Oxygen Consumption ; Reoperation ; Stroke Volume

Ultrastructural changes of the retinal capillary basement membrane in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats Cho, Hokyun, M.D., Lee, Dohyung, M.D. We studied the changes of the retinal capillary in diabetic retinopathy. We measured the thickness of the basement membrane of the retinal capillary endothelial cells and the capillary pericytes using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and the results were compared with that of normal control rats. And also an morphological lterations of the retinal capillary were examed on the prediabetes and 3, 7 month-aged diabetic rats. The basement membrane thickness was measeured with 0.1mm calibrated ruler overlaying the electron micrograph with a transparent plastic sheet on which were etched 20 radiating lines exactly 18degree apart. The SPSS and Instat program were used for statistical evaluation of the data. An age related increase of the basement membrane of the capillary pericyte and endothelial cell was evident in both diabetic and control group. It was more prominent in the pericyte basement membrane of diabetic rats (diabetic rats 112.5%, control 62.5%). Comparing the age related thickening of the pericyte basement membrane and endothelial basement membrane, the increase of the thickness of the pericyte basement membrane at 7 month-aged diabetic rats was statistically significant(p<.0005). Some degenerative changes of the basement membrane itself and cytoplasmic degeneration of the endothelial cell and pericyte were visible, and those were more prominent in diabetic rats. Some capillary endothelial cell shows thinning in 7 month-aged diabetic rats.
Animals ; Basement Membrane* ; Capillaries* ; Cytoplasm ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Endothelial Cells ; Pericytes ; Plastics ; Prediabetic State ; Rats* ; Retinaldehyde*

Cutaneous metastases from internal carcinomas are relatively rare, especially from pancreatic carcinoma. Pancreatic carcinomas are usually adenocarcinomas which arise in the head of the gland, and are known to rapidly metastasize to the lymphatic system by permeation and embolization. We report a case of cutaneous metastasis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma. in 74-year-old male patient who have two pea sized, slight erythematous nodules on the lower abdomen and posterior side of the neck.
Abdomen ; Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Head ; Humans ; Lymphatic System ; Male ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Peas

No abstract available.

To identify significant prognostic factors in patients undergoing simple hysterectomy in the presence of invasive cervical cancer, the records of 45 patients who had taken such a procedure between 1993 and 1997 were reviewed. Overall relapse-free survival and 5-year survival rates were 91.1 and 92.1%, respectively. Factors found to be significantly related to survival were the retrospectively determined stage(p=0.0000), the presence of residual disease(p=0.0001), and cell type(p=0.0000). By multivariate analysis, factor emerging as significantly detrimental to survival was the cell type. The presence of residual disease was a marginally significant factor(p=0.067). The expectations for survival of patients with residual tumor mass and/or with adenocarcinoma after simple hysterectomy appear to be markedly worse than those with others, so radical reoperation should be considered in those patients.
Adenocarcinoma ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

It is to report a clinical experience of a case of irradiation cataract following the period of 5 years post-operative pterygium on 59 years old man. As the occurrence of irradiation cataract is generally with long latent period and the clinical and histopathological features of the Beta ray cataract is similar to the remainder categories of opacities, it is important that condition of history of irradiation and characteristic localization of the lenticular opacity are noteworthy in which the dosage of total radiation, age, exposure time, treated area and method of treatment are much influencing.
Beta Particles* ; Cataract* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pterygium