An epidemiological survey on the glycosuria was conducted on the senier students of middle and high school in Seoul, from March 1981 to March 1982. Selected examinee totalled to 254,835 of which 138,116 were male & 116,719 were female. The initial, second and third urine sugar test were done with Combur-test strip(r). Glucose tolerance test was performed on those who were found to have persistent glycosuria. The followings showed the results of the survey. Among the 254,835 examinees, 1,240 were found with initial positive glycosuria. The glycosuria positive rate revealed 0.52% for male, 0.44% for female. Its average was 0.49%. It also revealed that male students in high school had higher positive rate of glycosuria. 2) The persistent glycosuria positive rate revealed 11.58/100,000 for male, 15.42/100,000 for female and its average was 13.34/100,000. 3) Out of the 33 cases with the persistent glycosuria, 60.6% of them were diagnosed as diabetes mellitus. 4) The overall prevalence rate of diabetes was 7.85/100,000. The prevalence rate of male was5.79/100,000, and female was 10.28/100,000. Consequently the rate of male to female was 1:1.78, showing that rates were higher for females than males. The. survey also revealed that the prevalence rate of diabetes was increased with advancing grade. 5) The 70% of the total person who were diagnosed as diabetes, did not recognize of their disease by themselves till the survey was conducted. 6) The frequency of subjective diabetic symptoms were polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia in order. *Combur-test(r)are registered trade marks of the Boehringer mannheim GmbH Company.
Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycosuria* ; Humans ; Male ; Polydipsia ; Polyuria ; Prevalence* ; Seoul

No abstract available.
Pneumothorax* ; Thoracotomy*

BACKGROUND: "Rebuild-up" phenomenon, induced by hyperventilation, is a characteristic finding on EEG in children with Moyamoya disease. Its mechanism, however, remains obscure. In this study, we examined the relationship between cerebral lesions on MRI, stenosis or occlusion of cerebral vessel on cerebral angiography, and EEG findings in children with Moyamoya disease. METHODS: We have reviewed medical records of 33 patients, who were confirmed as Moyamoya disease by cerebral angiography at Asan Medical Center. EEG and brain MRI were carried out in all subjects. RESULTS: 1) Epidemiologic data were : the male to female ratio was 1:1.1; highest rate(90.7%) of onset in age group below 10 years; mean age at clinical onset was 7.4 years; average diagnostic interval from clinical onset to diagnosis was 1.9 years. 2) The most common initial and recurrent or residual symptoms were motor deficit. 3) The most common site of occlusion or stenosis of cerebral vessel on cerebral angiography was anterior cerebral area(>97%) and the most common cerebral infarction area on brain MRI was anterior cerebral area, too. 4) The hyperventilation(for 3 minutes) on EEG were carried out in 25 patients and the prolonged build-up or rebuild-up phenomenon was observed in 13 patients(52%). 5) The prolonged build-up or rebuild-up phenomenon on EEG was observed in 6 of 15 patients who were occlusion of cerebral vessel, and in 7 of 10 patients who were stenosis of cerebral vessel on angiography. CONCLUSION: 1) The background slowings on EEG maybe suggestive of the infarction stage of Moyamoya disease in children. 2) The prolonged build-up or rebuild-up phenomenon might indicate the preinfarction stage of Moyamoya disease in children.
Angiography ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Infarction ; Child ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperventilation ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Medical Records ; Moyamoya Disease*

No abstract available.
Blepharoplasty* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Biliary Tract* ; Lymphatic Diseases*

The clinical applications of free have been extended tremendously in head and neck reconstruction. In a nine-year period, 92 microvascular free flaps were performed to repair the defects following major head and neck ablative surgery. Twenty-one transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps, 18 radial foream flaps, 15 latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 12 jejunal flaps, 8 fibular osteocutaneous flaps, 6 rectus abdominis muscle flaps, 6 iliac osteomyocutaneous flaps, 2 groin fasciocutaneous flaps, 1 scapular fasciocutaneous flap, 1 parascapular osteocutaneous flap, 1 tensor fascia lata muscle flap and 1 serratus anterior muscle flap were used for reconstruction. Twenty-five maxillary defects including the orbit or skull base, 16 pharyngoesophageal defects, 15 intraoral defects, 15 mandibular defects, 13 scalp defects, 1 cervical region and 7 other facial region were covered with various free flaps. The overall success rate of the flaps was 95.6%. The complications included total flap loss (3 cases), partial flap loss (1 case), recurrence of primary tumors (15 cases), cerebrospinal fluid leakage (3 cases), fistula formation (3 cases) and infection (5 cases). Superficial temporal artery, facial artery, superior thyroidal artery, lingual artery, occipital artery, transverse cervical artery were commonly used recipient arteries and 7 cases of vein grafts were used if indicated. End to end anastomosis was performed in 84 cases and end to side anastomosis in 8 cases. The average follow-up period was 42 months, ranging from 6 months to 8 years. One patent died during postoperative intensive care due to sepsis and 19 patients died because of recurrence of tumors and underlying medical diseases during the follow-up period. Although free flaps may appear to be riskier than traditional forms of reconstruction, they offer the surgeon a greater spectrum of reconstructive options. Free flap reconstruction also improves the quality of life and minimizes the loss of function. Limitations of the use of free flaps result only from a lack of technical skills and specialized equipment.
Arteries ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Fascia Lata ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Groin ; Head* ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Neck* ; Orbit ; Quality of Life ; Rectus Abdominis ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Sepsis ; Skull Base ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Temporal Arteries ; Thyroid Gland ; Transplants ; Veins

Afferent loop syndrome(ALS) is caused by obstruction of the afferent loop after subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II gastrojejunostomy. Prompt diagnosis of ALS is important as perforation of the loop occurs. The aim of this study is to ascertain the value of sonography and CT to diagnose ALS. We describe the radiologic findings in ten patients with ALS. The causes of ALS, established at surgery, included cancer recurrence (n=4), internal hernia(n=4), marginal ulcer (n=1), and development of cancer at the anastomosis site(n=1). Abdominal X-ray and sonography were performed in all cases, upper GI series in five cases and computed tomography in two cases. The dilated afferent loop was detected in only two cases out of ten patients in retrospective review of abdominal X-ray. ALS with recurrence of cancer was diagnosed in three cases by upper GI series. Of the cases that had sonography, the afferent loop was seen in the upper abdomen crossing transversely over the midline in all ten patients. The causes of ALS were predicted on the basis of the sonograms in three of the five cancer patients. In two cases of computed tomography, the dilated afferent loop and recurrent cancer at the remnant stomach were seen. Our experience suggests that the diagnosis of afferent loop syndrome can be made on the basis of the typical anatomic location and shape of the dilated bowel loop in both sonography and computed tomography.
Abdomen ; Afferent Loop Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Bypass ; Gastric Stump ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

The authors presented a case of gastroschisis with a pedunculated gallbladder embedded in hepatic tissue. The patient was born after fullterm gestation. Due to extensive abdominal wall defect, she succumbed 3 days after birth. There was a pedunculated mass measuring 2.5x1.5x1.5 cm between the liver and distended stomach without any attachment to the liver. The pedicle of the mass was connected to the common bile duct. Cut surface revealed that the mass was an accessory hepatic lobe encircling the gallbladder. The histologic feature of both accessory liver and gallbladder was markedly altered probably due to vascular obstruction. We could find only a single similar case in literlature. That case was associated with Beckwith syndrome and ours was associated with large atrial spetal defect, large patent ductus arteriosus, accessory spleen as well as gastroschisis. The common feature of abdominal wall defect might be a predisposing factor.

Three cases of Dupuytrens contracture which developed in hands were reported along with review of literatures. Partial fasciectomy was done as the choice of treatment for them to improve impairment of function of the hands. No attributable causes for the developement of the disease were found.
Dupuytren Contracture ; Hand

Better palliative management of patients with disseminated cancer has prolonged their lives but has raised the incidence of pathologic fractures in their variable lives. The essence of treatment is to prolong life, maintain comfort, and stabilize the patient with metastatic disease. The treatment of pathologic fractures with internal fixation has long been accepted by orthopedic surgeons and the benefits afforded to the patient are well known, so adequate fixation is essential. A combination of methylmethacrylate and internal fixation devices can greatly enhance the stability of fixation, because diseased bone is a poor base on which to insert an internal fixation device. The authors have treated 19 cases of the pathologic fracture of spine, humerus and femur by use of bone cement with and without internal fixation devices. The results are as follwed. 1. All cases utilized methylmethacrylate and there was no complication in methylmethacrylate in itself. 2. All cases had received various type of ancillary treatment: radiation in 9 cases, chemotherapy in 4 cases and in 8 cases, conservative pain control. 3. In spinal pathologic fracture with paraplegia or neurologic deficiency, the patients could walk with walker at an average of two weeks after operation. 4. Among the 19 cases, the pain was relieved markedly and ambulation was possible easily and early after operation in 16 cases. 5. Among the 19 cases, two survived less than 2 months, 7 surrived from 2 month to 3 month, five survived from 3 months to 6 months, four survived from 6 months to a year and one survived more than a year.
Drug Therapy ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Humans ; Humerus ; Incidence ; Internal Fixators ; Methylmethacrylate ; Orthopedics ; Paraplegia ; Spine ; Surgeons ; Walkers ; Walking