No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans

Distal radial fractures are recognized as very complex injuries with a variable prognosis that depends upon the fracture type and the treatment method. The purpose of this study is to compare radiological and clinical result between external fixation and external fixation with primary bone graft in intraarticular comminuted fracture of distal radius. From January 1993 to December 1995, 32 patients with comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal radius were treated using a external fixation. 15 cases were treated with ligamentotaxis without bone graft and 17 cases were treated with additional primary bone graft. In last follow-up examination, the mean loss of radial length, radial inclination and volar tilt were less in with bone graft group than without bone graft group. According to Demerit point system Excellent to good results were obtained in 88.2% in cases of external fixation and bone graft group, 66.6% in cases of only extemal fixation group. External fixation combined with primary bone graft is more useful method for the reconstruction and treatment of comminuted intraarticular fractures of the distal radius than closed reduction and external fixation because cancellous bone graft not only provides early mechanical stability but also helps to reduce and supports the depressed intraarticular fragments. Furthermore, this method not only prevents late collapse of fracture but also enhance fracture healing.
External Fixators* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures* ; Prognosis ; Radius* ; Transplants*

No Abstract Available.
Lasers, Excimer* ; Myopia* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy*

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine and compare the practice patterns of management of hypertension of the internists and family physicians in general hospitals and to compare them according to the JNC V guidelines. METHODS: Questionnaires were mailed to total 964 of internists and family physicians in general hospitals during May, 1996. 217 of them were returned with the response rate of 23.5%. Chi-square test and Fishers exact test were performed to examine the statistical difference between two groups. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 39.1 and 77.9% of them were male. 65.4 % of hospitals for respondents were located in metropolitan cities. Concerning the number of measurements of blood pressure, 0.5% of the respondents measured just once before confirmation of the diagnosis. Items for physical examinations for initial evaluation were as follows; cardiac auscultation(94.0%), measurements of body weight and height(58.9%), abdominal examination(52.8%), auscultation for carotid bruit(41.7%), fundoscopic examination (25.6%). Regarding the laboratory tests, the frequency of evaluation of all item were higher than that of the physical examinations. For initial drug therapy, calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors were the most frequently chosen mediations. No difference was found between two specialties or tertiary and secondary hospitals in this trend. With educations for the life-style modification, 60-80% of the respondents educated the patients. No difference was found between two specialties except one item. CONCLUSIONS: As a whole the JNC V guidelines were not followed faithfully for the management of hypertension.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Auscultation ; Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Physicians, Family* ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Adenomyotic cysts are not uncommon disease, but their sizes are mostly lesser 5 mm. Reports of large adenomyotic cyst ( >5 mm ) are vere rary. These large sized hemorrhagic cysts arise from small sized cyst and may be caused by progressive expansion of cyst due to progressive menstrual bleeding. And the active secreting of cystic wall may play a part in making the large cyst. Authors observed a case of large adenomyotic cyst within myometrium occuring in o 39-year-old woman, and she was accompanied with both ovarian endometriomas. The cyst was 3 *3 cm sized, and had chocolate-colored thick viscous contents. Histologically, cystic wall was lined with endometrial type epithelium. Epithelium were composed of single layer columnar, partly ciliated cells. Stroma under glandular epithelium were thin throughout the cyst and resembled morphologically endometrial stroma in endometriosis and had red cells and hemosiderin-laden macrophages in places. We experienced one case of large adenomyotic cyst, so we report the case with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Adult ; Animals ; Cystectomy* ; Endometriosis* ; Epithelium ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Myometrium*

Among the efficient cancer treatments, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the therapies inducing rapid apoptosis of cancer cells while causing minimal damage to surrounding normal tissue. We studied the effect of PDT on the adenocarcinoma in BALB/-c mice of homograft model, and the following results were obtained. Apoptosis occurred up to 3 mm in depth from the surface in the first 1 hour after PDT applied, and subsequently the counts were increased in the deeper portion. A remarkable apoptosis observed up to 6 mm in depth shows that the light in use could not penetrate more than 6 mm of tissue. Tissue necrosis was identified in the deeper area of the tumor 6 hours later or thereafter. This necrosis seemed to occur as an indirect effect of vascular obstruction resulting from the damage of endothelial cells which was induced by selective collection of photosensitizer in the endothelial cells of newly forming vessels as well as in the cancer cells. These results indicate that the effective depth of PDT is greater than the depth of light penetration.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Allografts* ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Mice* ; Necrosis ; Photochemotherapy*

In orthopedic trauma surgery, treatment of intraarticular distal humerus fractures is a challenge. With development of implants and biomechanical studies, surgical strategies with recommendations including preoperative computed tomography images, proper approaches and open reduction and internal fixation with dual plates have emerged. In addition, as an effort to provide stable fixation to permit early elbow motion, different methods of internal fixation, particularly plate configuration, have evolved. Using dual plates, either oriented parallel to each other or orthogonal, stable fixation has been achieved and satisfactory clinical outcomes have been reported. With rationales and advantages/disadvantages of each plate configuration, both techniques are selected according to surgeons' preference, and, in specific cases, one could be preferred over another. The key to successful fixation by either technique is obtaining anatomical reduction with restoration of two stable columns of the distal humerus.
Elbow ; Fracture Fixation ; Humeral Fractures* ; Humerus ; Orthopedics

Changes of histopathological findings with time were studied after scratching the skin of 37 patients with dermographism. Biopsies were also done in 13 normal healthy controls for comparison with unstroked skin of the patients. 1. Biopsies of unscratched skin of the patients showed no histologic difference from those of the skin from controls. 2. Neutrophils increased in number with time after scratching and maximum neutrophil count (mean 16.08+/-24.17/HPF) was observed at 90 minutes after scratching 3. Eosinophilic infiltration was also similar to that of neutrophils. Maximum eosinophil count (mean 324+/-4.76/HPF) was found at 60 minutes after scratching. 4. L ymphohistiocytic infiltration showed a similar tendency to that of neutrophils, but the degree of change was not so prorninent. 5. Before scratching, mast cell count in patients with dermographism showed no difference in number when compared with norrnal controls. In patients with dermographism, mast; cell count inclined to decrease after scratching. 6. Edema and lymphatic dilatation in the upper dermis were most prominent at 5 minutes after scratching and disappeared slowly thereafter.
Biopsy ; Cell Count ; Dermis ; Dilatation ; Edema ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Mast Cells ; Neutrophils ; Skin

Fracture of the shaft of the humerus had been treated by many different way, such as hanging cast, shoulder spica cast, abduction splint, and Velpeau bandage, etc, The authors have employed the new trianglar splint designed by ourselves for the 54 cases of fracture of the humeral shaft from Jan., 1965 to Oct., 1976 in the department of Orthopedic surgery of Han-il Hospital. In our experience, the triangular splint method is useful for not only fracture between the head of the humerus and supracondylar region, but also shoulder joint injuries and diseases which need firm immobilization. The triangular splint method has merits, such as spontaneous reduction by the fractured arm weight with gravity, the stability during care, relatively comfort during procedure. Satisfactory results had been obtained by the triangular splint method.
Arm ; Bandages ; Gravitation ; Head ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Joint ; Splints

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberous Sclerosis*