No abstract available.
Female ; Mammaplasty*

The gate control theory was proposed by Melzack & Wall in 1965. This theory implies that selective stimulation of cutaneous afferent fibers of large diameter inhibits pain. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation(TNS) is a practical employment of this concept. TNS was used on 14 herpes zoster patients to relieve associated pain. Good effeet was obtained in 13 patients. They experienced relief of their pain for 1-4 hours after 20 minutes of application. TNS has many advantages over analgesic drugs in the control of pain in herpes zoster.
Analgesics ; Employment ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans

A very rare case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma without extraskeletal involvement in 35 year-old ma was experienced. The patient was admitted for the painful swelling of the right clavicular region and was treati with curettage and autograft of iliac bone. Five months later newly developed the pain in the trochanteric lesion left femur without fever, and also was confirmed as the same lesion. Both lesions were treated with curettage and iliac bone graft, and were followed by radiotheraphy. According to the pathological study, those lesions were confirmed as the multifocal eosinophilic granuloma.
Autografts ; Curettage ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Eosinophils ; Femur ; Fever ; Humans ; Transplants

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic difference that occured after trichloroacetic acid(TCA) chemical peel in an animal model that was pretreated with Tretinoin alone or Tretinoin-based combined pretreatment kit. Eight Hartley white guinea pigs were used in our study. The dorsal skin of the guinea pigs was divided into six equal squares(2x2 cm). Upper two areas of these six were not pretreated, middle two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin alone and lower two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin-based combined kit. Each guinea pig underwent chemical peel with 50% TCA. The wounded areas were biopsied at post-peeling 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The histology revealed that those animals pretreated with combined kit healed quicker than the animals pretreated with Tretinoin alone. This study implies that if patients are treated with Tretinoin-based-combined pretreatment kit before undergoing chemical peel, the pretreatment time will be shortened.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Skin ; Tretinoin* ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Breast Implants* ; Breast* ; Contracture* ; Pregnancy*

This study was performed to investigate the effect of endotoxin to the CCl4-induced liver injury. Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected 1.6 g/kg CCl4 as control group. Another 24 rats were orally administrated 300 mg/kg of neomycin at 16 and 3 hours prior to CCl4 injection as experimental group. Twelve among them were intraperitoneally infected 1.0 mg/kg of endotoxin(E-Coli, 0111:B4, No L-2630, lipopolysaccharide, Sigma, USA) and CCl4 simultaneously for offsetting neomycin effect. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 4, 10, and 24 hours after CCl4 injection. The liver tissues from all experimental groups were observed by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In the CCl4 only group, the hepatocytes revealed sweling of ER and mitochondria with many lipid droplet in the cytoplasm. Focal cellular necrosis was seen at the later phase. The Kupffer cells were activated and showed many cytoplasmic processes, secondary lysosomes, and vaculoles. The endothelial cells were edematous. Several neutrophils, platelets, and microthrombi were scattered in the sinusoid. In the neomycin-CCl4-endotoxin administrated group, both hepatocytic destruction and intrasinusoidal microthrombi formation were more pronounced. In the neomycin pretreated group, the hepatocytes revealed mild cellular destruction without necrosis. There is no intrasinusoidal microthrombi. According to these results, it would be concluded that the small dosage of gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin affects to the liver injury caused by CCl4. The synergistic effects of CCl4 and gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin which can not be detoxified by damaged Kupffer cells, may be more important in the pathogenesis of CCl4-induced liver injury.
Rats ; Animals

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of combined transvaginal ultrasound and beta-hCG discriminatory zone for diagnosing intrauterine pregnancy, abortion, and ectopic pregnancy in early abnormal pregnancy. METHODS: Initial ultrasound findings and beta-hCG level were compared with final pregnancy outcome in 164 early pregnant women who visit our hospital with vaginal bleeding or abdominal pain. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value by the combination of two diagnostic tools were calculated. Statistic analysis of collected data used x2 of SPSS(9.0). RESULTS: Of 90 women with normal outcome, 64(71.1%) had a gestational sac 5mm, and in 47 cases, the hCG level was above 1,800 mIU/ml. Transvaginal ultrasound was non-diagnostic in 47(28.6%) of 164 women, and especially, 43(53.1%) of 81 cases with beta-hCG levels below 1,800 mIU/ml. The portion of accurate ultrasound diagnosis was significantly higher in women above 1,800 mIU/ml (85.5%, 71 of 83 cases) compard with levels below 1,800 mIU/ml (37.0%, 30 of 81 cases) : P < 0.001; Relative Risk(RR) 2.31; CI 95%. Sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of intrauterine pregnancy, abortion, and ectopic pregnancy was 90.2%, 79.3%, and 66.7% in women who presented with beta-hCG levels above 1,800 mIU/ml, and 41.0%, 23.5%, and 75% below 1,800 mIU/ml, respectively. And, negative predictive value was 83.9%, 89.7%, and 98.8% in each of intrauterine pregnancy, abortion, and ectopic pregnancy above 1,800 mIU/ml, and 64.6%, 60%, and 97.3% below 1,800 mIU/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of transvaginal ultrasound for diagnosing abnormal early pregnancy were poor except cases of ectopic pregnancy when beta-hCG levels were low than discriminatory zone. Ultrasound impressions were well related with beta-hCG levels.
Abdominal Pain ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Gestational Sac ; Humans ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic ; Pregnant Women ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography* ; Uterine Hemorrhage

A survey of intestinal parasites was performed in South Vietnam. Samples were collected from 717 Vietnameses, 1,933 U.S. Forces, 433 stool specimens of Korean Troops in South Vietnam. And 114 of Korean Army patients in home land were also examined as a control. Findings were discussed with others and summarized as follows: A parasitic rate, incidence in general, was 44.8 %. Koreans in South Vietnam showed 82.4 % of infection rate, Vietnamese 64.6% and U.S. Forces 26.1 %. Korean home patients revealed 93.9 %. Following 10 species of helminths ova and 5 kinds of protozoa were found: Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm, Trichocephalus trichiurus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichostrongylus orientalis, Enterobius vermicularis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Clonorchis sinensis, Hymenolepis nana, Taenia sp., Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas hominis. The incidence of Ascaris lumbricoides among Koreans in South Vietnam was 15.9 %, much less than Korean home patients. The infection rate of A. lumbricoides in Saigon residents was 47.2% but in Chulai 36.8% and in Quinhon 35.8 %. Trichocephalus trichiurus was most frequently found in Koreans. Quinhon residents showed 78.7 % positive in hookworn infection and Chulai 24.7 %. In Saigon, on the contrary, infection rate was only 3.1 %. No Strongyloides stercoralis, but two cases of Trichomonas hominis were found among Koreans in South Vietnam. U.S. Forces showed higher incidences than Koreans and Vietnameses in the incidences of Entamoeba histolytica and Endolimax nana. Most of the U.S. Forces revealed single infection. Korean home patients showed the highest per centage of polyparasitism. Non-autochthonous infections in Korea could not be found among Koreans in this survey.
parasitology-epidemiology ; stool examination ; Vietnam ; U.S. Forces ; Ascaris lumbriocides ; Hookworm ; Trichocephalus ; trichiurus ; Strongyloides stercoralis ; Trichostrongylus orientalis ; Enterobius vermicularis ; Metagnimus yokogawai ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Hymenolepis nana ; Taenia sp. ; Entamoeba histolytica ; Entamoeba coli ; Endolimax nana ; Giardia lamblia ; Trichomonas hominis

No abstract available.
Autografts* ; Heterografts* ; Transplants*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop in vivo dosimetries using both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in mice to assess biological effects of radiations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five each mice were irradiated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 Gy of Cs-137 gamma-rays. We scored numbers of chromosomal aberrations in metaphase spreads and numbers of micronuclei in bone marrow smears under light microscope, and obtained the dose-response relationships. We also examined the relationship between the two dose-response curves. RESULTS: The frequency of both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei increased with dose, in a linear-quadratic manner. The delta, beta, and alpha coefficients were 0.0176, 0.0324, and 0.0567 for metaphase analysis (r=1.0, p<0.001) and 0.0019, 0.0073, and 0.0506 for micronuclei assay (r=1.0, p<0.001). The frequency of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in diffirent radiation doses was significantly correlated (r=0.99, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In vivo dosimetry using either metaphase analysis or micronucleus assay was feasible in mice. These methods could be useful to evaluate biological effects of radiation.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells* ; Bone Marrow* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Metaphase* ; Mice* ; Micronucleus Tests