The Arnold-Chiari malformation (ACM) is an anomaly of the hindbrain consisting of two components: a variable displacement of a tongue of tissue derived from the inferior cerebellar vermis in the upper cervical canal and a similar caudal dislocation of the medulla and fourth ventricle. Hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele are another abnormalities that associated frequently. We present a case of Arnold-Chiari malformation with hydrocephalus and meningomyeolcele and a brief review of the literatures was added.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Cerebellar Vermis ; Dislocations ; Fourth Ventricle ; Hydrocephalus ; Meningomyelocele ; Rhombencephalon ; Tongue

No abstract available.
Acanthosis Nigricans* ; Growth Hormone*

No abstract available.
Hyperhidrosis

The triad of bilateral optic atrophy, hearing deficit, peripheral neuropathy is knoun to be a rare disorder. The authors experienced eight patients in three generations of the same family with this triad of deficits. The disorder developed since their childhood and the course was slowly progressive. Nerve conduction study suggested peripheral neuropathy and sural nerve biopsy was compatible with demyelinating neuropathy, as there were reduction of myelinated nerve fibers in number and focal onion-bulb formation. The mode of inheritance of the family seems to be autosomal dominant, with relatively high penetrance. In many respects, the disorder resembles the cases reported by Sylvester(1958) and Iwashita et al.(1970). But still we do not know the exact etiology of this disorder.
Biopsy ; Deafness* ; Family Characteristics ; Hearing ; Humans ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ; Neural Conduction ; Optic Atrophies, Hereditary* ; Optic Atrophy ; Penetrance ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Sural Nerve ; Wills

Malignant Mixed Mullerian tumors(MMMTs) are unusual neoplasms occumng mostly in the uterus and, ralely, they arise in the ovary. The clinical features of malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the ovary are similiar to other ovarian malignancies. The clinical course is rapidly progressive and fatal. The optimal treatment modalities has remained elusive. The most reliable prognostic criterion is the initial tumor stage and the overall survival was poor. We experienced two cases of malignant mixed miillerian tumor of the ovary, so we report these cases with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Female ; Ovary* ; Respiratory Sounds ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Urticaria*

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Cytokines* ; Humans*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-caries activity of bamboo salt on Streptococcus mutans. METHODS: The pH of bamboo salt, bay salt, and NaCl were measured at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%. At 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 h, the growth and acid production of S. mutans was measured using a spectrophotometer and pH meter, respectively. RESULTS: The growth of S. mutans remarkably reduced with the addition of 1% NaCl. Bamboo salt showed effective growth inhibition at concentrations higher than 3%. Bay salt showed effective growth inhibition at concentrations higher than 5% (P<0.01). At salt concentrations of 1%, the pH value of bacterial culture broth reduced to below 5.5 after 12 h. Bamboo salt and NaCl reduced acid production at concentrations higher than 3%. Moreover, bay salt decreased acid production at concentrations higher than 5%. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that the bamboo salt inhibited growth and acid production of S. mutans. Thus, bamboo salt can be considered a useful material for the prevention of dental caries.
Bays ; Dental Caries ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Streptococcus mutans* ; Streptococcus*

In the case of crush injury, the failure rate of replantation of free tissue transfer is high. Recently, the freezing of intact and repaired microarteries has been known to relieve spasm without inducing thrombosis in vivo. Therefore, the author thought that the vascular freezing of crushed vein showing only unrecognized endothelial damage after adequate debridement of a damaged vessel can also relieve spasm without inducing thrombosis and improve the patency rate of microvascular anastomosis. In this study, the process of vascular freezing was investigated in veins with acutely damaged endothelium using ethly chloride in a rat model. Two experiments were performed in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing about 250 gm. In the first experiment, a new crush model was established on the femoral vein of the rats. The degree of vessel injury was evaluated as crush energy. The proper crush energy was determined only by the endothelial damage without inducing thrombosis(0.037 J). In the second experiment, femoral veins were crushed with the energy of 0.037 J on the left side and then frozen after inflicted crush injury with the same energy on the right side. The gross and pathologic findings and patency rates were observed at postoperative day 2, 10 and 30. Patency in both the crushed and crush-freezing group was 100%. Pathlolgic findings in the crush-freezing group were more severe loss of the intima and most parts of the media, as well as cellular depopulation of the media when compared to the crushed group. Microthrombi adherent to the wall were demonstrated in several crush-freezing specimens, but the crush-freezing group showed relief of crush-induced vasopasm and endothelial regeneration. In conclusion, the freezing of microveins with acute endothelial damage relieves spasm without inducing thrombosis. Therefore, this study presents the posslbility of clinical application of vascular freezing in a case of crush injury requiring microvascualr anastomosis.
Animals ; Debridement ; Endothelium* ; Femoral Vein* ; Freezing* ; Models, Animal ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Replantation ; Spasm ; Thrombosis ; Veins

From Nov. 7. 1988 to Nov. 21. 1988, we visited 20 universities' opticians and contact lens stores affiliated with them, and surveyed contact lens wearing process. We found that in all 14 stores, fitting was done by non-ophthalmologists and in 11 stores, wearing was processed without consulting on ophthalmologists.