Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease of probable autoimmune etiology. The MR images of patients with clinically suspected ADEM were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical symptoms occurred 5 days to 1 month after viral upper respiratory infection (4) and Coxsakie viral infection(1). The symptoms had begun with fever(3), headache(3), sore throat(1), and drowsy mental state (1), which progressed with monophasic course to altered mental change(2), extremity weakness(2), seizure(1) and/or cerebellary symptom(I) MRI findings of ADEM showed patchy(4), nonhemorrhagic(5), asymmetric(5) high signal intensity lesions on T2-weighted images. The number of the lesions was mostly multiple(4). The lesions mainly involved the brain stem(3) and subcortical white matter(3). Follow-up MR images of 13 days to 20 days after high dose steroid therapy showed marked improvement in two of three, which well correlated with clinical manifestations. MR findin of multiple, patchy, nonhemorrhagic and asymmetric lesions in subcortical white matter and brain stem on T2-weighted images seem to be characteristic features of ADEM, but nonspecific. Therefore, clinical correlation is required in evaluating ADEM.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; White Matter

No abstract available.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the fit of denture bases processed by injection pressing technic using laser scanner of reverse engineering technic. The auther duplicated 20 maxillary edentulous models and 20 mandibular edentulous models, which were scanned on HYSCAN 45C 3D SCANNER(Hymarc Co., Canada). The scanned data was stored in the personal computer using SURFACER (Imageware Co., U.S.A.) software program. After 40 dentures were cured by PERform Inkovac system. SR-Ivocap system, Palajet system, and Sulfon system, they were stored in water at room temperature for 24 hours. The dentures were scanned on HYSCAN 45C 3D SCANNER(Hymarc Co. Canada). The scanned data were stored in the personal computer using SURFACER (Imageware Co., U.S.A) software program. By overlapping two images using the same program, the fit between two surfaces was scaled by positive and negative errors. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In the upper denture, most of the positive errors occurred on the lingual side of anterior alveolar ridge and the negative errors were on the flange of denture bases. 2. In the lower denture, most of the positive errors occurred on the inner side of lingual flange and the negative errors were on the border of anterior labial flange areas. 3. There were no statistical differences among the positive errors of the four types of inject-ion denture curing methods and also no statistical differences between negative errors except only in negative maximum errors. 4. In PRERform system and SR-Ivocap system, they have the tendency of inaccurate fit lower denture bases comparing to that of upper denture bases. 5. The negative error scales were greater than the positive error scales in all types of inject-ion denture curing methods.
Alveolar Process ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Microcomputers ; Water ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Denture, Partial, Removable*

No abstract available.
Forehead* ; Orbit*

In order to investigate the mechanism of antibacterial effect of electrical stimulation on bone and joint infection, 5, 50 and 500 µA constant currents were passed through the silver electrodes and stainless electrodes on the Brain Heart Infusion agar culture plates which contained Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Lscherichia coli. After 24 hours of incubation, the widths of inhibitory zone around the electrodes were measured. The broth dilution susceptibility test was also used to verify the antibacterial effects of electrically generated silver in the Brain Heart Infusion broth. The results were as follows. 1. Silver anodes using constant currents manifested antibacterial effects definitely on the three bacterias, but stainless anodes showed none. 2. Antibacterial effects of silver anodes on the three bacterias increased in proportion to current density. However, antibacterial effects were negligible when current density was under 2 nA/mm2. 3. When current density was between 6.6 and 660 nA/mm2, there were no statistically significant differences in the antibacterial effects among 5, 50 and 500µA constant currents. 4. The culture broth containing silver ions generated by constant current electrolysis also manifested antibacterial effects. The retentate showed stronger antibacterial effects than the filtrate. Form these results, following conclusions were drawh. 1. The antibacterial eff ct of silver electrode using constant current was due to silver ions rather than electricity itself. 2. The substance which showed most effective antibactericity effects was silver complex larger than 2,000 m.w. and heat-unstable.
Agar ; Bacteria ; Brain ; Electric Stimulation ; Electricity ; Electrodes ; Electrolysis ; Heart ; Ions ; Joints ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Silver ; Staphylococcus aureus

This paper contains the results of clinical and neuroradiologic studies in 9 cases of histopathologicallyverified intracranial cavernous hemangiomas. The most common clinical presentations were focal seizure andheadache which were accompained by focal neurologic deficits. Skull films revealed abnormality in 3 cases andcerbral angiography revealed an avascular area in 8 cases, but both were of little diagnostic significance. CTusually demonstrated a hyperdense, cystic and calcified lesion without significant mass effect, and mild degereeof tubular or ring like enhancement after contrast injection. The follow-up CT findings in 4 cases over a 6-monthperiod were compatible to repeated minute hemorrhage and resolution. The above clinical and CT findings and , ifpossible, repeated CT could suggest the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma and provide the proper management,including the avoidance of unnecessory radiation therapy and biopsy related complications.
Angiography ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Hemorrhage ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Seizures ; Skull

BACKGROUND: Genus of Aspergilli are ubiquitous saprophytic molds in nature, but its change from a saprophytic fungus to a pathogenic organism has occurred since the use of various antibiotics. The fungus affects the chronically ill and debilitated population. Recently frequency of the fungal infection is increasing in Korea with abuse of antibiotics and glucocorticoids. METHOD: We analyzed medical records of 52 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis seen at Hanyang University Hospital from 1980 to 1994. The results were as follows; RESULTS: 1) Ages ranged between second to eighth decades with majority(50%) in the fourth to fifth decades. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1. 2) Hemoptysis and productive cough, the leading symptoms, occurred in 42.3% and 25% respectively. 3) On chest X-ray fingings, the characteristic 'fungus ball' pattern were observed in 53.8% of the 52 cases. 4) Sputum culture for aspergilli were positive in 21.6% of the cases. We performed foe needle aspiration in 22 patients and the diagnostic yield was 100%. 5) Thirty-six patients had history of treatment with antituberculous drugs under diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis for an average of 27.3 months. But sputum analysis for acid-fast bacilli were positive in 5.6%(2cases of 36cases), and postoperative pathologic findings showed that 38.9% (12 cases of 28cases) were combined with tuberculosis. 6) Right upper and left upper lobes were predominantly involved(34.6% and 19.2% respectively) and lobectomies were performed in 21 cases. 7) Underlying diseases were present in 47 cases and 48.9% of them were pulmonary tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: These results showed that pulmonary aspergillosis usually develops in patients with open cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. And we must consider the possibility of pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with hemoptysis and cavitary lung lesion.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aspergillus ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fungi ; Glucocorticoids ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Male ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis* ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

No abstract available.
Humans ; Liver Neoplasms* ; Liver* ; Tissue Donors*

BACKGROUND: The effects of intravenous thrombolytic therapy depend on maintaining the patency of infarct-related artery in acute myocardial infarction. Thirty-two patients with acute myocardial infarction and ST segment elevation were studied to determine the usefulness of early resolution of ST segment elevation as an index of recanalization after intravenous urokinase administration. METHOD: 32 patients(male 24, female 8, mean age+/-standard deviation 62+/-11 years) were given intravenous urokinase therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Patients were classified into two groups according to changes of Summation operator ST segment elevation : early resolution(group I)=resolution to <25% of peak value within 12 hours of commencing urokinase therapy : no resolution(group II)=decreased in Summation operator ST segment elevation to > or =25% of peak value. The relationship between early changes in Summation operator ST segment elevation, time to peak creatinine kinase(CK), peak CK, changes of QRS score and & stenosis of infarct-related artery were investigated in both group. RESULTS: 1) The Summation operator ST segment elevation decreased by more than 75% of initial Summation operator ST within 12 hours after urokinase administration in 13 patients(40.6%). 2) The initial Summation operator ST segment was higher in the early resolution group than in the nonresolution group(26.0+/-4.2 vs 15.2+/-1.9mm, p<0.05). 3) The initial QRS score in both groups were not different significantly(7.2+/-0.9 vs 5.4+/-0.6 p<0.05), but QRS score decreased in the early resolution group and did not change in the no resolution group(-0.69+/-0.23 vs 0.63+/-0.16, p<0.05). 4) The early resolution group showed higher peak CK level(2409.2+/-347.7 vs 1445.2+/-280.4, p<0.05) and earlier peak time(10.6+/-1.0 vs 24.2+/-4.6, p<0.05). 5) There was no total occluded artery in both group, but the early resolution group tended to less stenosis in infarct related arteries(66.7+/-80 vs 86.7+/-3.3%, p=0.13) in predischarge coronary angiography. CONCLUSIONS: Early ST resolution after intravenous urokinase administration in acute myocardial infarction is an useful clinical index of recanalization or benefit induced by thrombolytic therapy.
Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*