Fifty four patients who received closed hemorrhoidectomy were randomized into two parallel groups and treated with Venitol(R)(a micronized flavonoidic fraction containing diosmin 450 mg and hesperidin 50 mg) (group 1) or placebo (group 2). Venitol(R) was administered at the dosage of three toblets b.i.d. the first four days and two tablets b.i.d following three days. Postoperative analgesia and laxative prescription as well as hospital stay were same in two groups. Though there is no difference of symptoms at D1, improvement of symptoms of complications was greater in group 1 than in group 2 at D18. The clinical severity of postoperative spot-bleeding, pain and anal discharge diminished in both groups but to a greater extent in group 1 (P<0.005). There was no side-effects in using Venitol(R). In summary, Venitol(R) is effective in reducing complications after hemorrhoidectomy.
Analgesia ; Diosmin ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhoidectomy* ; Hesperidin ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Prescriptions ; Prospective Studies* ; Tablets

Developmental surface ultrastructure of Macroorchis spinulosus was studied by scanning electron microscopy. One-day-old juvenile fluke was leaf-shaped and bent ventrally. Body surface was covered densely with peg-like spines and with cobblestone-like cytoplasmic processes. Ciliated sensory papillae were concentrated around oral sucker. Several unciliated sensory papillae occurred equidistantly on oral sucker and acetabulum. The ciliated papillae appeared in two longitudinal lines symmetric bilaterally on dorsal surface. On adult flukes, tegumantal spines became wider in middle of the body surface. The cytoplasmic processes differentiated into more fine velvety form. It is likely that the differentiated fine cytoplasmic processes are an increased absorptive surface to adult M. spinulosus. It is suggested that single pointed tegumental spines on anterior half of the body may be supportive for this fluke to migration.
Animals ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/*anatomy & histology/*ultrastructure

BACKGROUND: Although actinic keratosis and Bowens disease ar considered as carcinoma in situ, most of them are biologically benign and dont progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It is little known why they take the benign courses and which factors are involved in the tumorigenesis. Keratoacanthoma, self-regresi;ing benign tumor, may be sometimes or fused morphologically with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. So it is necessary to find a useful marker to help us distinguish them. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to gain a better understani ling of biologic behaviour and tumerigenesis of epidermal keiatinocytic neoplasms. METHODS: We investigated the expression of p53 protein and priliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by an immunohistochemical method on the formalin-fixed, araffinembedded tissue specimens of epidermal keratinocytic neoplasms. RESULTS: Fourteen out of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(70.0%), 14 out of 22 cases of actinic keratosis(63.6%), and 13 out of 20 cases of Bowens disease(65.0%) showed p53 protein expression, but keratoacanthoma was negative. All the tumors studied sho ved significantly increased numbers of PCNA-positive eells when compared with normal epidermis and characteristic distribution pattern. of PCNA-positive cells. Most cases of actinic keratosis exhibited the basal dysplastic pattern, but Bo wenoid variants showed diffuse dysplastic pattern. Karatoacanthoma revealed the marginal pattern and Bowens disease showed the diffuse dysplastic pattern. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoria showed the basal dysplastic pattern, while poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma revealed d ffuse dysplastic pattern. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that p53 mutation is a common and early genetic change in the epidermal tumorigenesis and may be used as a good marker for malignan transformation, but it does not seem to correlate with the biollagic behavior or prognosis of epidermal neoplasms. PCNA, which is considered as a proliferation-relaited marker, was expressed with chavaceristic distribution patterns according to the type of tumors, but the frequency of PCNA expression is unlikely to reflct the malignant potential of epidermal neoplasms.
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

BACKGROUND: Although actinic keratosis and Bowens disease ar considered as carcinoma in situ, most of them are biologically benign and dont progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. It is little known why they take the benign courses and which factors are involved in the tumorigenesis. Keratoacanthoma, self-regresi;ing benign tumor, may be sometimes or fused morphologically with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. So it is necessary to find a useful marker to help us distinguish them. OBJECTIVES: We performed this study to gain a better understani ling of biologic behaviour and tumerigenesis of epidermal keiatinocytic neoplasms. METHODS: We investigated the expression of p53 protein and priliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) by an immunohistochemical method on the formalin-fixed, araffinembedded tissue specimens of epidermal keratinocytic neoplasms. RESULTS: Fourteen out of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(70.0%), 14 out of 22 cases of actinic keratosis(63.6%), and 13 out of 20 cases of Bowens disease(65.0%) showed p53 protein expression, but keratoacanthoma was negative. All the tumors studied sho ved significantly increased numbers of PCNA-positive eells when compared with normal epidermis and characteristic distribution pattern. of PCNA-positive cells. Most cases of actinic keratosis exhibited the basal dysplastic pattern, but Bo wenoid variants showed diffuse dysplastic pattern. Karatoacanthoma revealed the marginal pattern and Bowens disease showed the diffuse dysplastic pattern. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoria showed the basal dysplastic pattern, while poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma revealed d ffuse dysplastic pattern. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that p53 mutation is a common and early genetic change in the epidermal tumorigenesis and may be used as a good marker for malignan transformation, but it does not seem to correlate with the biollagic behavior or prognosis of epidermal neoplasms. PCNA, which is considered as a proliferation-relaited marker, was expressed with chavaceristic distribution patterns according to the type of tumors, but the frequency of PCNA expression is unlikely to reflct the malignant potential of epidermal neoplasms.
Actins ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Epidermis ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

Fractures of the upper end of the humerus are common and account for 4% to 5% of all fractures. They occur more frequently in older patients. In older patient the fracture often results from a minor fall and can be extremely disabling and their management often demands experienced surgical skill and judgement. Fortunately, in 80% of upper humeral fractures none of the four major segment is significantly displaced. These lesions are amenable to simple treatment by early function exercises. In 15% to 20% of upper humeral fractures one or more of the major segment is displaced. They are often unstable, may not be reduced by closed method. Many different methods of open reduction and internal fixation has been used and are still employed. These include wire loops, screw, staples, plates, intramedullary nail, but adequate internal fixation was not easily achieved due to the osteoporosis, displacement and shape of fragment. We treated 8 cases of surgical neck fractures by Rush pin and tension band wiring method. We consider this method as effective, simple and rigid fixation technique to attempt early exercise and to restore normal range of motion.
Exercise ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Humerus ; Methods ; Neck ; Osteoporosis ; Reference Values

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Mothers*

In order to clarify the preneoplastic nature of large regenerative nodules without dysplastic change, we analysed the clonality of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) and large nodules, diameter > or =0.5 cm, of cirrhotic liver by X-linked human androgen receptor (HUMARA) gene assay, using the principle of random X chromosome methylation and inactivation in female. Ten cases of HCC and 5 cases of large nodules without dysplasia from 9 female patients were selected. All the tumors, large nodules and paired normal control cells were selectively microdissected from deparaffinized hematoxylin and eosin stained slides. Genomic DNA was isolated and digested with HhaI. Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplication of the HUMARA locus was performed using 32P-a-dCTP containing PCR mixtures. The PCR amplified products were separated by gel electrophoresis and analysed by autoradiography. Nine HCCs from 8 patients were monoclonal and 1 case was polyclonal and the remaining 1 case was not polymorphic at the HUMARA locus. The HCC case which showed polyclonality contained many inflammatory cells. All the large nodules were polyclonal by HUMARA assay. These results suggest that all or most of the cells composing the large regenerative nodules without dysplasia are polyclonal. This assay may be informative for the differentiation between regenerative and preneoplastic nodules in cirrhotic liver and the size of nodule may be not important in hepatocarcinogenesis.
Autoradiography ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Liver ; Methylation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Androgen ; X Chromosome

PURPOSE: We experienced a case of ocular motility disturbance with esotropia and hypotropia, following implantation of Molteno to the superotemporal quadrant. METHODS: The patient recovered to orthophoria after removal of implant and fibrotic scar tissue with recession and resection. RESULTS: Multiple complications have been reported in association with Molteno implantation, including hypotony, cataract, choroidal hemorrhage, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, hyphema, phthisis. However ocular motility disturbances have been documented in only a few cases and never in Korea to our knowledge. Therefore, we report this case with the review of related literatures.
Cataract ; Choroid Hemorrhage ; Cicatrix ; Endophthalmitis ; Esotropia ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Korea ; Retinal Detachment ; Strabismus*

Succinylcholine-induced prolonged neuromuscular blockade may occur in patients with either a low level of plasma cholinesterase activity or genotypically abnormal form of that enzyme. We experienced a case of succinylcholine-induced prolonged apnea due to a low level of plasma cholinesterase activity. A 31-year-old woman, full term primigravida, underwent cesarean section for breech presentation under general anesthesia. Familial and past medical history were nonspecific and preoperative physical and laboratory findings were within normal range. After operation, delayed apnea was detected and lasted for about one hour. We performed controlled and assisted ventilation for two and half hours. Plasma cholinesterase activity measured 30.00 IU/L (colorimetric method, normal value: 1130~1960 IU/L) at the first postoperative day. She was discharged on 7th postoperative day without any sequelae. From follow-up study after six months, it measured 1.02 U/ml (EIA, normal value: 7~9 U/ml).
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Apnea* ; Breech Presentation ; Cesarean Section* ; Cholinesterases* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values ; Ventilation

Blood and urine samples were taken from 447 welders exposed to manganese containing welding fumes and 127 office workers not exposed to welding fumes as a control. The air samples were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Varian 30A, Australia), and blood and urine samples were analyzed by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Z-8100, Hibachi, Japan). Data were evaluated in accordance with type of industry, smoking habits, and work duration. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The limit of detection(LOD) levels of manganese in blood and urine were 0.11 microgram/100ml of and 0.14 microgram/l, respectively. Our results of manganese concentration were shown within +/-2 standard deviation which was the upper and lower warning limit (UWL or LWL) on quality control chart. 2. The airborne concentrations of manganese in welding workplaces were 0.067 mg/m3 showing differences by type of industry ; 0.017 mg/m3 in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries, 0.084 mg/m3 in steel heavy industries and 0.180 mg/m3 in shipyards. 3. The blood manganese concentrations showed differences by type of industry showing the highest values of 1.70 microgram/100m1 in shipyards, 1.24 microgram/100m1 in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries and 1.11 microgram/100ml in steel heavy industries. Urinary manganese concentration corrected by urinary creatinine concentrations was 0.34 microgram/g creatinine in automobile assembly and manufacturing industries, 0.43 microgram/g creatinine in steel heavy industries and 0.48 microgram/g creatinine in shipyards. There were no difference urinary manganese concentrations by type of industry. 4. The overall blood manganese concentration was 1.26 microgram/100ml, and urinary manganese concentration was 0.35 microgram/g creatinine in welders. In contrast to these values, blood and urinary manganese concentrations were lower in control group showing 0.73 microgram/100m1, and 0.28 microgram/g creatinine, respectively. 5. Smoking habits did not seem to affect on blood and urinary manganese concentrations both in welders and office workers. 6. Blood manganese concentrations were significantly higher in welder who had worked longer than 10 years than in welder who had worked less than 10 years. 7. The blood manganese concentrations were significantly correlated to airborne manganese concentrations(r=0.318, n=64), work duration(r=0.425, n=538), and cumulative exposure indices(CEI) (r=0.354, n=64).
Absorption ; Automobiles ; Creatinine ; Manganese* ; Metallurgy ; Quality Control ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Steel ; Welding*