The present study was performed to observe tegumental ultrastructure of Echinoparyphium recurvatum according to developmental stages. Worms (1, 3, 5 and 15-day old) were recovered from chicks experimentally infected with metacercariae from Radix auricularia coreana. One-day old worms were elongated and ventrally concave, and covered with peg-like tegumental spines except the adjecent areas of the head crown and excretory pore. Type I sensory papillae were distributed on the lip of the oral sucker, and grouped ciliated papillae were around the oral sucker. Peg-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the anterior surface of the ventral sucker level. The ventral sucker had an aspinous tegument and no sensory papillae. Tegumental spines on the posterior surface of the ventral sucker level were sparsely distributed and disappeared posteriorly. In 3 and 5-day old worms, the tegument around the oral sucker was aspinose and wrinkled concentrically. The ventral sucker had a wrinkled tegument and many bulbous papillae. Type I sensory papillae were distributed between the bulbous papillae. Tegumental spines were spade-shaped with a terminal tip. A total of 45 collar spines including 4 end group ones on both ventral corners was alternately arranged in 2 rows. The 15-day old worms were very stout and their tegumental spines were tongue-shaped without a terminal tip. From the above results, it is confirmed that the surface ultrastructure of E. recurvatum was generally similar to that of other echinostomatid flukes. However, some features, i.e., morphological change of tegumental spines and appearence of sensory papillae on the ventral sucker according to development, and number, shape and arrangement of collar spines, were characteristic, which may be of taxonomic and bioecological significance.
Animals ; Chickens ; Echinostomatidae/anatomy & histology/growth & development/*ultrastructure ; Life Cycle Stages ; Lymnaea/parasitology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that characteristically involves the sacroiliac and spinal joints; less frequently other musculoskeletal articular structures, the eyes and the heart may be affected. A 49 year old male patient was admitted to our hospital to be operated upon for a periappendiceal abscess. The patient has been suffering from ankylosing spondylitis for 18 years and was unable to flex or extend his neck due to cervical and lumbosacral ankylosing spondylitis. Regional anesthesia was tried through L1-2 interspace, which was poorly defined radiologically, but neither a spinal or epidural block from both the lateral and midline were successful due to the bony resistance. Oral endotracheal intubation was performed with an #8 rubber shaped like a "hocky stick". The anesthetic problems of a patient with ankylosing spondylitis are discussed.
Abscess ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Heart ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Joints ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Rubber ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

No abstract available.
Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic*

No abstract available.
Osteopetrosis*

No abstract available.
Hyperostosis, Cortical, Congenital*

Radiological demonstration of lymph vessels and lymph nodes may be achieved only by direct lymphography, whichis perfomred by injecting contrast material directly into the lymph vessels. lymph nodes, or occasionally intolymph cysts. Clinical lymphography is performed essentially according to the direct technique of Kinmonth(1952 &1954). Lymphography has become a routine procedure in patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Thoroughassessment of the extent of carcinoma of the uterine cervix is necessary to the intellignet management of anypatient with uterine carcinoma. This presentation is to outline the technique of lymphangio-adenography(lymphography), lymphographic finding and diagnostic criteria of the cervical carcinoma, and evaluation of theaccuracy of lymphographic diagnosis in cervical carcinoma. A retrospective reivew of the lymphograms of 145patients with carcinoma of the uterine cercix was undertaken. All lymphograms were performed at Kang Nam St.Mary's and St. Mary's Hospitals, Catholic Medical College form 1975 to 1982. Of thse patients 87 were got radicalhysterectomy and lymphographic diagnosis was compared with tissue pathology of the nodes removed, and determinedthe diagnostic accuracy of lymphography. Lymphography can make a significant contribution in the pretreatmentassessment of patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Strict adherence to rigid criteria will yieldexcellent pathologic correlation in the event of a positive radiographic diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma. Once apositive diagnosis is made, it should influence the management of the cancer patients. The results were as follow;1. The accuracy of lymphography in diagnosing lymph node metastasis of carcinoma of the uterine cervix was 85.1%,82.4% in sensitivity and 86.8% in specificity. 2. Metastic lymph nodes were moderately to markedly enlarged andirregular in shape and shown motheaten marginal filling defects in 92.7%. Theses ranged from 3mm to 20mm in thegreatest diameter. 3. Metastatic lymph nodes showed a tendency to get increased in size, inproportion to the sizeof marginal filling defect. 4. The size of filling defect of metastatic lymph nodes was not correlated to theclinical stage of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 5. Lymph node metastasis was confirmed in 6 patients of 10patients who were got lymphography in 2 to 5 years after radical hysterectomy. 6. Many collateral lymphatics andlymphatic cysts were found out in the lymphography after radical hysterectomy in carcioma of the uterine cerix.
Cervix Uteri ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphography ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

There was an error in article.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to determine the mammographic and ultrasonographic features of the breasts with partial mastectomy and irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed the serial studies of 23 patients who had partial mastectomy and irradiation. Mammogram and ultrasonogram were perfomed every 6 months after surgery in all patients. Sixteen of 23 patients took mammogram and ultrasonogram 1 month after surgery additionally. We evaluated skin thickening, edema, new calclfication, and postoperative scar. RESULTS: Skin thickening was observed in all patients at initial study after surgery and were most pronounced 6 months after surgery. In the most of patients, increased breast density suggesting edema was seen at the initial study after surgery. Skin thickening and edema were most pronounced 6 months who had retumed to normal state 18 months after surgery in 3 of 5 patients who had serial studies until 18 months after surgery. Scars were noted in 20 of 23 patients and 9 of 20 patients had scars 6 months after surgery. The postoperative changes including skin thickening, edema, and scar were most pronounced at 6 months after surgery and had retumed to normal at 18 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: We conclude that postoperative imaging should be obtained 6 months after surgery, followed by every 6 month intervals, which can be effective in differentiating postoperative scar from recurrent carcinoma and can avoid invasive studies.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cicatrix ; Edema ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Segmental* ; Skin ; Ultrasonography

Osteoclasts resorb bone by the hydrogen ions and proteolytic enzymes in the localize environment under the ruffled border. Before releasing hydrogen ion and enzymes, osteoclast should attach to bone surface very tightly and make a room to release enzymes and hydrogen ion in the center. Specialized attachment molecule in the cell membrane, such as integrin, is associated with specific noncollagenous protein in the matrix, which has specific amino acid sequence (Arginine-Glycine- Aspartic acid sequence). We may speculate that osteoclast action would be decreased if the integrin is blocked by antibody or RGD protein. In this study, the osteoclasts were cultured on the coverslip or bone slice with or without RGD protein in the culture medium, and numbers of growing giant cells were much less in group with RGD protein. The number resorption pits, formed on mineralized bone slice, was also lower in the group adding RGD protein in the medium. And we made a conclusion that the osteoclastic bone resorption was inhibited by soluble RGD protein.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid ; Bone Resorption ; Cell Membrane ; Giant Cells ; Osteoclasts* ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Protons

During anesthesia and surgery, body homeostasis and tissue oxygen demand/supply balance is disrupted and blood lactate concentration in increased. We have studied the changes of blood lactate concentrations and arterial, venous oxygen contents during open heart surgery in 15 patients. Samplings were done at 1) before anesthetic induction, 2) after induction, 3) after sternotomy, 4) onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, 5) duing hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, 6) after cardiopulmonary bypass and 7) after operation. Blood lactate concentrations were inereased signifieantly at the onset of, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass and after operation(p<0.001). Arterial oxygen contents were decreased significantly at the onset of, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass(p<0.05). Venous oxygen contents were decreased significantly at the during and after cardiopulmonary bypass and after operation(p<0.05). There were significant negative correlations between arterial, venous oxygen contents and blood lactate concentrations. Changes of venous oxygen saturation, mean arterial pressure and pH had not significant relationships with the lactate concentrations.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Heart* ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactic Acid* ; Oxygen ; Sternotomy ; Thoracic Surgery