No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Rhabdomyoma* ; Tetralogy of Fallot*

BACKGROUND: Androgenic alopecia, commonly known in men as male pattern baldness is the gradual balding of the scalp in response to androgens in genetically predisposed individuals. Androgens can gradually transform large scalp hair follicles to smaller vellus ones, causing balding. The mechanisms involved are unclear, although androgens are believed to act on the epithelial hair follicle via the mesenchymal derived dermal papilla. During pregnancy, hair growth is increased, as estrogen appears to prolong the anagen phase, and postpartum hair loss may be related to a rapid decrease in estrogen. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the difference of the expressions of androgen receptors(AR) and estrogen receptors(ER) by monoclonal antibodies in biopsy specimens between bald area and non-bald area. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of AR and ER receptor were preformed on the paraffine-embedded tissue sections of bald area and non-bald area in 6 cases of androgenic alopecia using anti-AR and anti-ER monoclonal antibodies with avidin-biotin peroxidase complex procedure. RESULTS: The results were that androgen receptors were higher level in bald area and estrogen receptors showed no difference between bald and non-bald area. CONCLUSION: This study supports that locally increased androgen activities may be related with hair loss in androgenic alopecia and estrogens have less relationship in the pathogenesis of androgenic alopecia.
Alopecia* ; Androgens ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Biopsy ; Estrogens* ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Male ; Peroxidase ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Receptors, Androgen* ; Receptors, Estrogen* ; Scalp

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS) is a relatively rare autosomal-dominant disease characterized by the occurrence of extensive mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation and gastrointestinal polyps. PJS patients are considered to have a high prevalence of intussusception due to polyps. We report the radiological findings in two cases of intussusception due to polyps in patients with PJS, and review the literature.
Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Intussusception* ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome* ; Polyps ; Prevalence

Von Meyenburg complexes (VMC) have many synonyms such as bile duct hamartomas and biliary hamartoma. These rare benign disorders are considered as congenital diseases caused by malformed differentiation of ductal plate. The diagnosis of VMC by common radiologic modality such as ultrasound and computed tomography was nearly impossible until the emergence of cholangiopancreatography by magnetic resonance imaging (MRCP) and the pathologic examination was the only way to confirm the diagnosis of VMC. But MRCP is now considered as most accurate noninvasive method for diagnosis of VMC. We report a histologically proven case of VMC associated with calculous cholecystitis, cerebral aneurysm and renal cortical cyst. To our knowledge, no comparable case has been reported and this would be the only second reported case of VMC, which was diagnosed by MRCP.
Bile Ducts ; Cholecystitis* ; Diagnosis ; Hamartoma ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Ultrasonography

Actinic lichen planus is a particular subtype of lichen planus with a distinct photodistribution. This disease has been variously named lichen planus in subtropical countries, such as lichen planus subtropicus annularis, lichen planus tropicus, summertime actinic lichenoid eruption, and lichenoid melanodermatitis. It is a disorder seen most frequently in Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent, favoring Asians. This disease presents in the spring or summer and is frequently quiescent during the winter. A 61-year-old man with unusual lichenoid photosensitive eruption is presented. The lesions developed during the late spring, appearing on both dorsa of hands, wrists, and lower legs. We report a case of actinic lichen planus with a review of the literature.
Actins* ; Africa ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichenoid Eruptions ; Lichens* ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Wrist

OBJECTIVES: Shoulder subluxation is common complication after stroke. And it can result in delayed neurological recovery in hemiplegic stroke patients. The aim of this study is identifying the incidence and associating factors of shoulder subluxation in stroke patients. METHODS: Stroke patients from 1 rehabilitation center from January 2008 to January 2012 were enrolled in the present study. The basic demographic data were registered at the time of admission or transfer to rehabilitation center. To assess the shoulder subluxation, we have used fingers' breadth method and plain radiography. We diagnosed shoulder subluxation with vertical distance (VD) were more than 12.4cm on plain anteroposteior view. And then shoulder subluxation was analyzed with associated factors. RESULTS: Of 154 stroke patients, this retrospective study included 109 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 28 patients had shoulder subluxation. After univariated analysis, shoulder subluxation was significantly associated with motor power of shoulder and elbow, loss of proprioception, stroke duration and functional ability. Especially elbow extensor less than poor grade is mostly related to shoulder subluxation among the motor powers. Then multivariated analysis was carried out including all significant subjects, elbow extensor less than poor grade, loss of proprioception and stroke duration more than 6 months were related to shoulder subluxation. CONCLUSIONS: Post stroke shoulder subluxation was commonly observed, and the incidence was 25.6% in this study. Shoulder subluxation was correlated with muscle power of elbow(less than F grade), loss of proprioception and stroke duration more than 6 months.
Elbow ; Humans ; Incidence ; Proprioception ; Radiography ; Rehabilitation ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder* ; Stroke*

PURPOSE: To inform on shoulder pathology and to identify the disabilities and level of quality of life (QOL) associated with shoulder pain in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using patient history, physical examination, and ultrasound (US), we classified patients with BCRL into the following three groups: no pain with normal ultrasound (US), pain with normal US, and pain with abnormal US. We evaluated shoulder pathology using US, pain intensity using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and functional disability using the Korean version of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. For assessment of QOL, we used the Korean version of the brief form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF). RESULTS: 28.9% of patients had no pain and normal US, 31.6% had pain with normal US, and 39.5% had pain with abnormal US. The US findings for those with pain and abnormal US revealed the following: 53.3% had a supraspinatus tear, 13.3% had biceps tenosynovitis, 13.3% had acromioclavicular arthritis, 13.3% had subdeltoid bursitis, and 53.3% had adhesive capsulitis. Patients with shoulder pain and abnormal US findings had significantly higher mean DASH and pain scores. Pain scores were positively correlated with DASH scores and negatively correlated with QOL. CONCLUSION: We found that BCRL with shoulder pain and evidence of shoulder pathology on US was associated with reduced QOL and increased disability. Proper diagnosis and treatment of shoulder pain are necessary to improve QOL and decrease disability in patients with BCRL.
Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms/*complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphedema/*complications/ultrasonography ; Middle Aged ; Pilot Projects ; Quality of Life ; Shoulder Pain/*etiology/ultrasonography

OBJECTIVES: To determine which factors are changed in the thyroid cancer postoperative care and how quality of life compared between patients who had undergone modified radical neck dissection and selective neck dissection. METHODS: Prospectively, total 151 patients who diagnosed as thyroid cancer and underwent 16 modified radical neck dissection (mRND) or 135 selective neck dissection (SND) were evaluated for shoulder function, neck mobility, and quality of life and degree of depression at baseline, 2 days and 1 week postoperatively. All patients performed neck and shoulder stretching exercise three times a day beginning the morning following surgery. Shoulder function was assessed with the Constant's shoulder scale. Quality of life was assessed with the SF36v2 questionnaire. And depression was assessed with Beck depression inventory (BDI). RESULTS: The disability scores of patients were significantly worse for neck range of motion (ROM), shoulder pain, ADL, shoulder ROM, shoulder abduction power, total score of Constant's shoulder scale, physical function domain in SF-36v2 and BDI score & grade 2 days after the surgeries. SF36v2 domain score was no significantly difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: The mRND and SND are risk factors for neck ROM limitation, shoulder dysfunction, and onset of depression. In comparison between mRND and SND, more deterioration in ADL, shoulder abduction power, total score of Constant's shoulder scale are associated with modified radical neck dissection. More study is needed about usefulness of the stretching exercise in shoulder pain onset through comparison with control group.
Activities of Daily Living ; Depression ; Humans ; Neck ; Neck Dissection ; Postoperative Care ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Risk Factors ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Pain ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Aureobasidium pullulans is classified among dematiaceous fungi, characterized by the production of melanin pigments. It is widely distributed throughout the environment. It has occasionally been infected on the skin and nails of humans. We report a case of onychomycosis due to Aureobasidium pullulans developed in an 49-year-old female after trauma.
Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Melanins ; Middle Aged ; Onychomycosis* ; Skin

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by pigmented or dematiaceous fungi that are implanted into the dermis from the external environment. The vast majority of infections are caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi and Cladosporium carrionii. Several drugs, such as itraconazole, amphotericin B, terbinafine, have been tried with variable success and various therapeutic techniques, including radiotherapy, cryosurgery, electrodesiccation and surgical excision, can be applied as a further treatment. So far, there are five cases filed as chromoblastomycosis in Korea. Four of them are reported from the southern part of the Korea. Intralesional injection or occlusive dressing of Amphotericin B, and oral administration of intraconazole have been used for the treatment in reported cases. Now, we report firstly a case of chromoblastomycosis treated with terbinafine. A 54-year-old Korean teacher had 10 x 5.5 cm sized dark purple colored plaque with crusts 4 years earlier as a linear plaque after an injury by the thorns of wooden chair. A skin biopsy revealed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and dermal infiltration of mixed inflammatory cells and Touton type multinucleated giant cells with numerous sclerotic cells. Several clusters of sclerotic bodies were observed also within the giant cells. On the fungus culture, the colony showed slowly growing dark-brown colored heaped appearance in 4 weeks. Isolated fungus was identified as Fonsecaea pedrosoi. Because of partial response to 10 months' itraconazole treatment, the treatment regimen was changed to terbinafine 500 mg/d with marked improvement after 4 months.
Administration, Oral ; Amphotericin B ; Biopsy ; Chromoblastomycosis* ; Cladosporium ; Cryosurgery ; Dermis ; Fungi ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Injections, Intralesional ; Itraconazole ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Occlusive Dressings ; Radiotherapy ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue