Guardians' perceptions of the oral food challenge (OFC) test with 1-day hospitalization have not yet been investigated. In this study, a questionnaire survey on the OFC test was distributed to guardians of children who underwent the test for food allergies with 1-day or overnight hospitalization between April 2015 and May 2016. Patients who underwent the test at other hospitals and those with incomplete responses were excluded. A total of 164 patientguardian pairs were included in this study, and the valid response rate was 68% (112/164). Among negative aspects of OFC with overnight hospitalization, the response “visiting the next day” was the most frequent at 74%(83 guardians) and was significantly more frequent than the responses “anxiety at night,” “consultation and questions the next day are possible,” and “observation time is long” (all p<0.01). Among the positive aspects of OFC with 1-day hospitalization, the response “no next-day visit” was the most frequent at 87%(97 guardians) and was significantly more frequent than the responses “relief at night,” “cannot go to work the next day,” and “observation time is short” (all p<0.01). Among the negative aspects of OFC with 1-day hospitalization, the response “anxiety at night” was the most frequent at 45% (50 guardians) and was significantly more frequent than the responses “no next-day visit,” “cannot go to work the next day,” and “observation time is short”（p<0.01, each). The number of patients whose child underwent the OFC test with 1-day hospitalization was significantly higher than that with overnight hospitalization (87 guardians [78%] vs.8 guardians [7%] , p<0.01). These results suggested that majority of the guardians preferred that OFC be performed with 1-day hospitalization because there was no need to visit the hospital again the next day. However, many guardians had anxiety at night in OFC with 1-day hospitalization.