21,933 people were bitten by mad suspected cattles had been vaccinated and 171 patients died due to rabies during 1990-1997 in Hai Phong city. The mortality rate due to no vaccination was 76%, inadequate vaccination 12,9%. There wasn't death following the results of 100 cases who had been selected for study to evaluate the effect of Fuenzalida vaccine
vaccines ; Rabies ; death

Background: Rota vaccine is used to prevent diarrhea in children under 5 years old. Two vaccines are being used in developed countries: Rotarix (GSK) and RotaTeq (Merk). Rotarix vaccine was produced from master seed G1P8 and RotaTeq vaccine was from the coordination of human rotavirus strains G1, G2, G3, G4 and cow rotavirus strain. Thanks to the help of WHO, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science and Technology, Center for research and production of vaccines and biologicals \ufffd?Ha Noi made study of creating rotavirus master seed G4P6 for Rota vaccine production in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the safety and potency of rotavirus master seed G4P6 in the laboratory and experimental animals. Subjects and method: Rotavirus master seed G4P6 (2001019203) lot 1 (MS-PL5) and lot 2 (MS-PL5) produced in 2005, preserved at -800C were determined potency by Immunofluorescence (IF) method and tested for safety on rabits and rats. Results:2 lots of Rotavirus master seed G4P6 that had been produced in Center for research and production of vaccines and biologicals \ufffd?Ha Noi had high titre and safety in the laboratory and experimental animals. Conclusion: The results were the basis of Rota vaccine production in Vietnam.
Rotavirus/ isolation & ; purification ; Rotavirus Vaccines/ isolation & ; purification ; contraindications

Background: Group A Rotavirus is the main cause of diarrhea in human especially in children under 5 years old. Rotavirus master seeds were established from group A Rotavirus (mainly 3 strains: G1P8, G1P4 and G4P6) causing acute diarrhea for children in Vietnam. The master seeds must meet the potency and safety in the laboratory as well as animal experiments under the guidance of WHO. Objectives: To determine the safety and immune response of rotavirus master seeds in monkeys to confirm their safety and effect in preclinical stage. Subjects and method: Baby Macacca mulatta monkeys had average weight of 1.5 kg (provided by monkey ranch in Reu island in Quang Ninh province) were tested and determined neutral antibody by immunofluorescence technique. Results: The rotavirus master seeds: G1P8 (KH0118); G1P4 (2001019210) and G4P6 (2001019203) had good safety and immune response with high neutral antibody after 3 dose vaccination in baby Macacca mulatta monkeys. Conclusion: The rotavirus master seeds would be a base for diarrhea vaccine production in Viet Nam under the guidance of the World Health Organization.
Rotavirus/ immunology ; Haplorhini

Background: Vero cell (ATCC) is from kidney of Blue Monkey in Africa. Because of its strong points such as non tumor form, non exotic virus infection, this cell strain is commonly used for vaccin development in the world. Objective: To determine the quality of vero cell supplying by Japan Polio-myelitis Research Center and WHO vero cell supplying by the Company for Vaccine and Biological Production No.1 in use for develop rota vaccine. Subjects and method:A study was conducted in 2 kinds of vero cell (one ATCC 134 generation supplying by Japan Polio-myelitis Research Center and another WHO ATTC 137 generation supplying by the Company for Vaccine and Biological Production No.1) using standard methods. Results and Conclusion: Both these ATCCs had no exotic agents in generation from 134 to 137. The vero working cell bank for vaccine development has been established by the POLYVAC by using standard methods, in accordance with the WHO regulations. The vero working cells established by POLYVAC had the same quality as that of Vabiotech cell bank. Rota virus strains multiplied well on WHO ATTC 137 generation and ATCC 134 generation supplying by Japan Polio-myelitis Research Center.
Vero Cells/ drug effects ; Rotavirus Vaccines ;

Background: Recovery of maternal milk source is an urgent matter of many mothers in the breast feeding duration. Spinal hitting method of Nguyen Tham Tan has been applied on a lot of women lacked milk after giving birth but until now, there has not any resrearch on the method. Objectives: 1. To assess lactation effect resulting from spinal hitting method. 2. To evaluated effects of the method on milk quality and the concentration of prolactine in blood. Subjects and methods: 33 mothers who are lack milk after giving birth have been hit at points on their spine as follows: CS, C6, D2, L2-L3. These patients were treated during 15 days with one time a day, hitting duration of every time - 15 minutes. The study used open clinical method in comparison with the obtaining effects between pre and post reproducing. Results: Amount of breast milk per minute increases from 1.52ml \xb10.37ml (before treatment) to 2.20\xb10.42ml (after treatment). Number of children's feeding decreases and the concentrations of protein, lipid and glucose as well as vital elements in milk increase after treatment. The concentration of prolactine in blood increases from 2755.16m\xb5/ml (before treatment) to 3763.16m\xb5/ml (after treatment). Conclusion: Spinal hitting method has the effects of lactation, increase in prolactine concentration in bloods and positive effects on milk quality. \r\n", u'\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Milk ; Human

Background: Rotavirus acute diarrhea is a common disease in children aged 6 to 24 months, accounting for 50-70% of hospitalizations in Vietnam. Vaccines recommended by the WHO are quite expensive, so vaccination for this disease isn\u2019t widely used in Vietnam. Objectives: To evaluate the immune responses of 3 human rotavirus strains in Macaca mulatta monkeys. Subjects and method: 32 healthy monkeys aged 6-12 monthswere divided into 4 groups that received orally the G1P8 strains (Master seed- MS and Working seed- WS), G1P4 strains (MS and WS), G4P6 strains (MS and WS),and placebo. All monkeys were evaluated on general status, gastrointestinal symptoms and blood samples taken for immune analysis. Results: By ELISA technique, the Master Seed (MS) and Working Seed (WS) of Rotavirus, including G1P8 (KHI008), G1P4 (2001019210) and G4P6 (2001019203) strains showed high titer of IgG antibody in monkey at least four-fold after 3 doses of immunization. Conclusion: These 3 rotavirus strains produced by the Center for Research and Production of Vaccines and Biologicals could be candidates for vaccine production.
IgG immune response ; Macaca mulatta ; rotavirus ;

Background: Rotavirus induced diseases is most commonly seen in children between 6 and 36 months old. In developing countries, rotavirus is also a common cause of gastrointestinal inflammation in below 2 years old children. Study on production of vaccine strains is a target that the World Health Organization is providing. Objective: To determine the quantity of different nucleotide and amino acids of genes 4, 6, 9, 10 of the Vietnam seed lot system and vaccine G1P8, G1P4 and G4P6. Subject and methods: By sequence method determine the quantity of different nucleotide and amino acids of gene 4 (VP4), gene 6 (VP6), gene 9 (VP7) and gene 10 (NSP4) of the Vietnam seed lot system and vaccine G1P8 (KH0118), G1P4 (2001019210) and G4P6 (2001019203) in comparison with international standard wild strains such as Ku, DS1, ST3, Hochi, TB-chen. Results and Conclusion: Each strain had a different nucleotide and amino acid sequence and it was characterized by each country. However, these strains had the same general chemical components including nucleic acid and protein. Nucleic acid was a double fiber ARN with 11 genes, and 18 thousand base pairs. 3 proteins with specific antigens were VP4, VP6 and VP7. 57 nucleotide of gene 4 (VP4) of the seed lot system G1P8 were different with Ku (AB22772) strain but there were only 17 different amino acids. For gene 7 (VP7), 70 nucleotide were different between G1P8 strain and Ku (AB222784) strain but there were 15 different amino acids. For gene 6 (VP6), although 141 nucleotide were different between G1P8 strain and Ku (AB222784) strain but there were only 9 different amino acids. For gene 10 (NSP4), 62 nucleotide were different between G1P8 strain and Ku strain (AB222772), making 12 different amino acids.
rotavirus vaccine

Background: Currently, the World Health Organization is encouraging developing countries to establish a seed lot system of rotavirus vaccine for production of this vaccine. Objectives: To determine gene sequences of rotavirus strain that was used for vaccine production and to evaluate its stability. Materials and method: Master seed (G4P6MS), Working seed (G4P6WS) and vaccine strain (G4P6VX) of Rotavirus were used for analysis at the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results: 855 base pairs of gene 4 (VP4); 1195 base pairs of gene 6 (VP6); 824 base pair of gene 9 (VP7) and 715 base pairs of gene 10 (NSP4) from seed lot system and vaccines of G4P6 strain were determined. The results demonstrated this seed lot system is completely stable during vaccine production. There is no difference for nucleotide and amino acid sequence in this seed lot system. Conclusion: G4P6 strain (2001019203) is completely stable during vaccine production.
gene sequences ; seed lot system ; G4P6 (2001019203) ; rotavirus vaccine

Background: Presently, toxicity decreased oral live rotavirus is a candidate for vaccine for the prevention of rotavirus induced diarrhea. According to the World Health Organization, the seed lot system is robustly checked, in which determining the stable of gene sequence. Objective: To determine the sequence of genes 4: 6: 9: 10 with base pair correlative 855: 824: 1314: 734 of seed lot system G1P4 (2001019210) during production of rotavirus vaccine. Subject and methods: Gene 4 (VP4), gene 6 (VP6), gene 9 (VP7) and gene 10 (NSP4) of seed lot system G1P4 were determined for gene sequencing and then comparing the nucleotide sequence as well as deduced amino acids from original strain with the produced strain and vaccine virus. Results and Conclusion: There was no different for nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence from the original strain during the production of rotavirus vaccine of G1P4 MS (2001019210) to producing strains of G1P4 WS and vaccine strains of G1P4 VX.
rotavirus vaccine ; gene sequence

Background: Rotavirus strain (KH0118) is used as the primary material to produce original rotavirus vaccine strains with the symbol of G1P8 MS. According to the World Health Organization\u2019s standard, the strain is needed to evaluate the stability of gene throughout analysis of gene and amino acid sequence during vaccine production. Objective: To determine the sequence of genes 4 (VP4), 6 (VP6), 9 (VP7) and 10 (NSP4) with base pair correlative 855:866:1345:745 of seed lot system and vaccine of G1P8 strain and to evaluate the stability of seed lot system during vaccine production. Subject and methods: ARN was divided from the original strain of rotavirus vaccine G1P8 MS, rotavirus vaccine productive strain (G1P8 WS) and rotavirus vaccine (G1P8 VX). Then using primer pairs to determine gene sequence VP4, VP6, VP7, NSP4 and comparing gene and amino acid sequence of the seed lot system. Results and Conclusion: The study demonstrated that, there was no difference for the nucleotide and amino acid sequence from the original strain during production of rotavirus vaccine G1P8 KH0118.
rotavirus vaccine ; G1P8 ; gene sequence