A 68-year-old man was taken to our hospital by ambulance due to syncope. He was in shock with cardiac tamponade. Pericardial drainage was performed. Aortic valve regurgitation gradually increased and surgery was performed at 25 days after onset. Surgical finding showed that there was a detachment of the commissure between the right and non coronary cusps of the aortic valve. An intimal tear was detected in the same place and aortic root replacement was required. The patient had a good recovery and he was discharged 14 days after surgery.

We report an extremely rare case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach. A 69-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a 2-month history of dysphagia and tarry stools. Endoscopic examination revealed a cauliflower-shaped protruding mass along the lesser curvature of the gastric cardia. Biopsy of the lesion revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach. Computed tomography revealed a thickened stomach wall and a mass protruding into the gastric lumen. Total gastrectomy with splenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, and Roux-en-Y reconstruction was performed, together with a lower thoracic esophagectomy via a left thoracotomy. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the stomach. Postoperative follow-up was uneventful for the first 18 months. However, multiple liver metastases and para-aortic lymph node metastasis developed subsequently. Despite systemic combination chemotherapy, the patient died because of progression of the recurrent tumors. Here, we review the characteristics of 56 cases of gastric squamous cell carcinoma reported in Japan.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cardia ; Deglutition Disorders ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Esophagectomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Japan* ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreatectomy ; Splenectomy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach* ; Thoracotomy

A 71-year-old woman was diagnosed with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome following an acute myocardial infarction and had been taking anticoagulants ever since. Three years later, she was hospitalized with high fever and substantial fatigue. She was diagnosed with infective endocarditis because the blood culture was positive, and scattered cerebral infarction was seen on magnetic resonance imaging, along with an iliopsoas muscle abscess and purulent discitis. She was treated with antibiotics, and her blood culture became negative; however, she was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment because of severe mitral regurgitation due to the progressive valve destruction. She also had aortic regurgitation and underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement. The mitral valve exhibited strong thickening of both leaflets, including the subvalvular tissue, and perforation was observed in the posterior leaflet, P2. The operation time was 4 h and 2 min, and the aortic clamp time was 92 min. The culture of the mitral valve leaflet was negative. She had antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and intraoperative activated clotting time (ACT) management was difficult; therefore, her heparin blood levels were measured and managed using HMS PLUS. The target heparin blood concentration during cardiopulmonary bypass was set at 3 mg/kg and controlled; no thrombotic tendency or increase in circuit pressure was observed during the operation, and the procedure was completed without any problem. She resumed heparin administration 6 h after the operation and continued oral anticoagulant therapy. She recovered without problems and was discharged 12 days after the operation. Management using HMS PLUS may be useful in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

The patient was a 68-year-old woman. She was diagnosed with uterine cancer after experiencing irregular genital bleeding. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a 30 mm left ventricular mass and splenic infarction, and head MRI showed multiple cerebral infarctions. The patient was suffering from systemic embolism caused by the cardiac mass, and we decided to perform cardiac mass removal prior to uterine cancer treatment. A yellowish-white thrombus-like mass attached to the mitral valve, subvalvular tissue, and left ventricular endocardium was removed by a trans-septal approach under cardiopulmonary bypass. Pathological examination revealed that the mass was a fibrin-based thrombus with almost no inflammatory findings, we diagnosised non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). Postoperatively, the patient developed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and treatment for uterine cancer, was delayed. Hypercoagulability was not controlled well, and she developed recurrence of left ventricle vegitation, acute arterial occlusion of the lower extremities and inferior vena cava thrombosis, making active intervention for uterine cancer difficult. The patient was treated palliatively and died on POD 36. NBTE tends to be characterized by multiple small growths, but giant vegetation may also occur as in this case. Unless the primary disease causing the hypercoagulability is treated, recurrence of NBTE is possible, and prompt treatment of the primary disease is required.

Introduction: We report a case in which multidisciplinary treatment including palliative radiotherapy reduced the size, exudate production and symptoms of a sebaceous carcinoma that had been neglected and allowed to form into a large destructive lesion. Case: A 48-year-old unemployed man who lived alone, was estranged from his family and socially isolated presented with a cranial tumor which had been present for three years. He did seek medical attention on one occasion. But a definitive diagnosis was not made, and he neglected to seek further treatment. The tumor became very large, painful and began to ooze exudate, and the patient became unwell with difficulty mobilizing. He was transported to the hospital by ambulance. The tumor was centered on the vertex of the scalp and had a maximum diameter of 30 cm. It was diagnosed pathologically as a sebaceous carcinoma and was inoperable. The tumor was treated with palliative radiotherapy, a total dose of 27 Gy　　/　　9 Fr, causing it to shrink by approximately 30% and markedly reduced the rate of exudate production. His condition improved markedly and he was able to go out on leave. Discussion: This case highlights the management and clinical course of an uncommon and large cranial sebaceous carcinoma.

A 78-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of progressive exertional dyspnea due to nonrheumatic severe aortic valve stenosis and moderate mitral valve stenosis with mitral annular calcification. We subsequently performed aortic valve replacement and mitral anterior leaflet decalcification. During surgery, we found that the cause of mitral valve stenosis was calcification of A2 aortic curtain-medial trigon through aortic valve annulus and resected calcification with SONOPET. The postoperative echocardiography revealed good mitral valve motion with mild mitral valve stenosis.

We report a successful case of aortic valve-sparing root replacement for dilated aortic root after a Ross procedure. A 29-year-old male underwent a Ross procedure when he was 11 years old for congenital aortic bicuspid valve. The right ventricular outflow tract was reconstructed using an autologous pericardium as a single leaflet valve. Aortic root dilatation and moderate aortic valve regurgitation were noted. Further investigation with enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonic cardiography revealed good quality of leaflets and sufficient geometric height, and aortic valve-sparing root replacement was performed. In addition, we performed pulmonary valve replacement with a biological valve. The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged after 8 days with a completely controlled aortic valve regurgitation. No recurrence of aortic valve regurgitation was observed 1 year later. Because surgical outcomes of congenital heart diseases have improved and more patients have an increasing life expectancy, several other problems were revealed, such as the occurrence of aortic root dilatation after a Ross procedure. Aortic roots may dilate due to arterial pressure; however, valve-sparing procedures may be performed if the volume of the leaflets is sufficient.

Cardiac metastasis from cervical cancer is rare. We herein present a case involving a 54-year-old woman with cervical cancer who was undergoing radiotherapy for left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. The patient was admitted to the hospital because of shortness of breath. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large mass in the right ventricle. To rescue the patient from circulatory collapse, we surgically resected the intracardiac mass via a right ventricular incision parallel to the posterior descending artery and left anterior descending artery. This approach prevented right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and perioperative pulmonary embolization, which could have led to death. The intracardiac mass was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. After hospital discharge, the patient underwent chemotherapy. An echocardiography performed 3 months postoperatively showed recurrence of the cardiac metastasis, and the patient died 5 months later. Cardiac metastasis in the right ventricle can present as pulmonary embolization. Although rare, most cases of metastasis from cervical carcinoma to the heart have an extremely poor prognosis.