No abstract available.
Cryptococcosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

No abstract available.
Polychondritis, Relapsing*

No abstract available.
Polychondritis, Relapsing*

In order to study the vascular manifestation of Behcet's disease, authors analized retrospectively the radiological and clinical features of 22 patients who were diagnosed as vasculo-Behcet's disease. The angiographic findings were aneurysm formation and occlusion of artery and vein, Aneurysm formations were found at common carotid artery (3 cases), abdominal aorta (2 cases), aortic arch (2 cases), innominate artery (2 cases) etc. Arterial occlusions were found at pulmonary artery (2 cases), subclavian artery (1 cases), brachial artery (1 case), common femoral artery (1 case) etc. Venous occlusions were found at the veins of the lower extremities including superficial femoral vein (18 cases), IVC (2 cases), SVC (1 case), and lateral sinus (1 case). The clinical features were similar to that of Behcet's disease without vascular involvement, but incidence of vascular involvement was more common in men and interval between the onset of the disease and vascular symptoms was 1-16 years(77%) and common associated symptoms were oral ulcers(59%) and skin lesions(55%). Angiographically the morphological featured of vasculo-Behcet's disease are not specific, but vascular radiologist must be aware of vascular involvement by Behcet's disease in differential diagnosis when occlusive changes in the venous or arterial tree, or aneurysm formation are seen in young patients.
Aneurysm ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Brachial Artery ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Pulmonary Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Subclavian Artery ; Transverse Sinuses ; Trees ; Veins

Purpura nephritis, one of the commonly known complications of allergic purpura has variable symptoms ranging from mild transient hematuria to severe nephrotic syndrome leading to renal failure and death. This paper reports on the treatment and course of purpura nephritis with special reference to serum immunoglobulins and immunopathology. These cases were selected among pediatric patients with purpura nephritis admitted to the pediatric department of Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine from Jan., 1978 to Apr., 1980. The results are as follows: 1. Among 18 patients with purpura nephritis whose serum immunoglobulin level had been checked at least once in the course of the disease, 14 cases were male and 4 female. The age distribution was from 3 years and 5 months to 15 years of age, and the peak incidence occurred at 7 years of age in 5 cases. 2. Clinical classifications were made according to clinical symptoms and laboratory results. These classifications were as follows: nephrotic syndrome 5 cases, acute nephritis 5 cases, persistent hematuria and proteinuria 3 cases, and persistent proteinuria, recurrent hematuria, recurrent hematuria and proteinuria, transient hematuria and others, 1 case each. 3. Remission occurred in 5 cases which were all male and their clinical classifications were acute nephritis 3 cases, transient hematuria 1 case and recurrent hematuria 1 case. All of these showed mild renal involvement and none had nephrotic syndrome. 4. Remission occurred in 3 cases among 7 with prednisolone therapy, whereas only 1 case showed remission among 8 cases of combined therapy with immunosuppressant. Remission occurred in 1 case without any therapy. But no therapy was specifically "effective." 5. Nine out of 18 cases(50%) developed signs of renal involvement within 15 days of onset of purpura, and almost all cases(90%) within 2 months. Nephritis preceded purpura in 2 cases by 14 days and 4 months respectively and in another case, nephritis appeared 4 years after purpura. With such variation in duration, no correlation existed between the time interval from nephritis to purpura and the course of the disease. 6. Renal biopsies revealed 14 cages of focal proliferative glomerulonephritis and 1 case of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, but none showed significant crescent formation in the glomeruli. Immunofluorescent microscopic examination revealed granular deposits of Ig(G, A, M), C3/C4, fibrinogen in 8 cases, IgM was absent in 6 cases and IgG absent in 1 case. There wag no correlation with the course of the disease. Sites of deposits were mainly in the mesangium. 7. Serum levels of immunoglobulin and complement were checked in all cases. IgG was elevated in 1 case and IgA was elevated at least once in the course of the disease in 9 cases among 18(50%). IgM mas within normal limits in all. Elevation of C3 was noticed in 2 cases but levels of C4 were normal in all. 8. Among 9 casas with elevated serum IgA in the acute phase, 6 cases showed a drop in the serum IgA level to normal, mostly within 6 months; but this factor was not related to the course and prognosis of the disease since 9 other cases which showed no elevation of serum IgA were not otherwise significantly different.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Classification ; Complement System Proteins ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Incidence ; Male ; Nephritis* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prednisolone ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Purpura* ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; Renal Insufficiency

We experienced one case of extragonadal germ cell tumor of retroperitoneal origin. The patient had orchiopexy of left cryptorchidism twenty years ago. The left testis was atrophied and the right testis was normal on palpation. Retroperitoneal exploratory surgery and complete excision of the mass were performed. The pathologic report identified seminoma. There was no evidence of metastasis computed tomography and bone scan. Then left orchiectomy and right testicular biopsy were performed. The left testis demonstrated hyalinization of seminiferous tubules and right testis demonstrated normal finding, but both specimens showed no malignancy or carcinoma in situ. The patient was treated with BEP(bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin) combination chemotherapy. With a follow-up of 24 months the patient remains disease free.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Cryptorchidism* ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Etoposide ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germ Cells* ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Palpation ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Seminoma ; Testis

Quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons is essential for the preclinical study of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, manual analysis of immunohistochemical (IHC) images is labor-intensive and has less reproducibility due to the lack of objectivity. Therefore, several automated methods of IHC image analysis have been proposed, although they have limitations of low accuracy and difficulties in practical use. Here, we developed a convolutional neural network-based machine learning algorithm for TH+ cell counting. The developed analytical tool showed higher accuracy than the conventional methods and could be used under diverse experimental conditions of image staining intensity, brightness, and contrast. Our automated cell detection algorithm is available for free and has an intelligible graphical user interface for cell counting to assist practical applications. Overall, we expect that the proposed TH+ cell counting tool will promote preclinical PD research by saving time and enabling objective analysis of IHC images.

Isoniazid is a first-line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis. A variety of adverse reactions of isoniazid have been reported. These include hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, skin rashes, neurologic disturbances and hematologic alterations. Among these, acute pancreatitis due to isoniazid is very rare. We report a case of acute pancreatitis due to isoniazid confirmed by rechallenge test with review of some literatures.
Exanthema ; Hepatitis ; Isoniazid* ; Pancreatitis* ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Rifampin ; Tuberculosis

Background: For the 2018–2019 season, the national influenza immunization program expanded to cover children aged from 6 months to 12 years in Korea. This study aimed to analyze vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza in children visiting the pediatric emergency room at a tertiary hospital during the 2018-2019 season. Methods: Patients tested for influenza antigens from October 1st 2018 to May 31st 2019 at the pediatric emergency room of Samsung Medical Center were included. Patients' influenza antigen test results, influenza vaccination history, and underlying medical conditions were reviewed retrospectively. VE was estimated from the test-negative design study. Results: Among the 2,901 visits with influenza test results 1,692 visits of 1,417 patients were included for analysis. Among these 1,417 patients, 285 (20.1%) were positive (influenza A, n = 211, 74.0%; influenza B, n = 74, 26.0%). The VE in all patients was 36.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.9 to 53.1). The VE for influenza A was 37.6% (95% CI, 12.6 to 55.5) and VE for influenza B was 24.0% (−38.5 to 58.3). The VE in the age group 6 months to 12 years was significant with a value of 35.6% (95% CI, 10.5 to 53.7); it was not statistically significant in the age group 13 to 18 years. In a multivariate logistic regression model, patients who received an influenza vaccination were less likely to get influenza infection (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4 to 0.8; P = 0.001), with significant confounding factors such as age group 13 to 18 years (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3 to 0.8; P = 0.003) and underlying hematology-oncology disease (OR, 0.3;95% CI, 0.1 to 0.6; P = 0.002). Conclusion We report moderate effectiveness of influenza vaccination in previously healthy children aged from 6 months to 12 years in the 2018-2019 season.